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Abouel Azm FR, Kong F, Wang X, Zhu W, Yu H, Long X, Tan Q. The Interaction of Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles (DDGS) Type and Level on Growth Performance, Health, Texture, and Muscle-Related Gene Expression in Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Front Nutr 2022; 9:832651. [PMID: 35571945 PMCID: PMC9097502 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.832651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the possible synergetic effects of the two levels of dietary dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) from different sources (US-imported and native) on the growth, health status, muscle texture, and muscle growth-related gene expression of juvenile grass carp. Four treatments of fish were fed with 4 isonitrogenous diets, namely, native DDGS20, native DDGS30, US-imported DDGS20, and US-imported DDGS30 for 60 days. The US-imported DDGS30 group showed the better growth and feed efficiency. Additionally, we observed a significant increase in hepatopancreatic total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in native DDGS groups. Moreover, raw muscle collagen increases considerably in the US-imported DDGS30 compared with the native DDGS30 group. In comparison with the native DDGS groups, the US-imported DDGS groups showed significantly decrease in all textural properties and fiber density, while increased fiber diameter. Dietary native DDGS inclusion significantly showed the upregulation of myog, myhc, and fgf6a expression in muscle, while the downregulation of the expression of myod and myf5. Overall, US-imported DDGS30 had a beneficial influence on growth via regulating genes involved in myogenesis and hypertrophy, the formation of collagen, but had negative impacts on antioxidant capacity and cooked muscle texture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ragab Abouel Azm
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China.,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Fanshuang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China.,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China.,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenhuan Zhu
- Fisheries Technology Extension and Guidance Center of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Haojie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China.,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianmei Long
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China.,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingsong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China.,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
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Ruan D, Fouad AM, Fan QL, Chen W, Xia WG, Wang S, Cui YY, Wang Y, Yang L, Zheng CT. Effects of corn dried distillers' grains with solubles on performance, egg quality, yolk fatty acid composition and oxidative status in laying ducks. Poult Sci 2018; 97:568-577. [PMID: 29211867 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the effects of increasing content of corn distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in the diets of laying ducks on oxidative status, laying performance, egg quality, and egg yolk fatty acid composition. Longyan females (1080) with similar BW at 17 wk of age were randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups, each consisting of 6 replicates of 30 birds. The basal diet (I) was a typical corn-soybean ration while the experimental diets (II to VI) substituted corn DDGS for soybean meal and wheat bran and a small reduction of corn. The level of substitution in diets (II to VI) was 6%, 12%, 18%, 24% and 30%. The experiment lasted for 18 wk. Average egg weight decreased linearly as the level of corn DDGS inclusion increased (P < 0.001). Haugh unit, albumen weight, and proportion declined as linear responses to corn DDGS substitution (P < 0.05), but yolk color linearly increased (P < 0.001); the proportions of oleic (C18:1) and total monounsaturated fatty acids in egg yolk linearly decreased with increasing corn DDGS and many of the key polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) like linoleic (C18:2n-6), arachidonic (C20:4n-6) and α-linolenic (C18:3n-3) acids linearly increased (P < 0.001), but not those of eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n-3) and docoshexaenoic (C22:6n-3) acids. The PUFAs n-6/n-3 ratio linearly increased with increasing corn DDGS level (P < 0.001). Increasing corn DDGS linearly increased hepatic expression of GPX1, HO-1, and Nrf2 and hepatic activity of GSH-Px and the liver content of MDA (P < 0.001). There were no treatment effects on egg production, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, eggshell thickness, strength, and yolk cholesterol content (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the current study indicates that the use of corn DDGS is possible as a replacement, primarily for soybean meal at levels up to 18% in the diets of laying ducks without affecting laying performance, egg quality, and antioxidant status. Increasing amounts of corn DDGS linearly increased egg yolk concentrations of key fatty acids like like C18:2n-6 and C18:3n-3 and the antioxidant enzyme activity of GSH-Px through the Nrf2 pathway to avoid oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ruan
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - A M Fouad
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Q L Fan
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - W Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - W G Xia
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - S Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Y Y Cui
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Y Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - L Yang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - C T Zheng
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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Hanson AR, Wang L, Johnston LJ, Baidoo SK, Torrison JL, Chen C, Shurson GC. Effect of feeding peroxidized dried distillers grains with solubles to sows and progeny on growth performance and metabolic oxidative status of nursery pigs. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:135-46. [PMID: 25568363 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment evaluated the effects of including peroxidized corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets for sows and nursery pigs on growth performance, vitamin E (VE), and Se status, and the incidence of mulberry heart disease (MHD) of nursery pigs. Sows (n = 12) were fed corn-soybean meal diets (C-SBM) or C-SBM diets with DDGS (40% and 20% in gestation and lactation, respectively) for 3 parities. In the third parity, 108 weaned pigs (BW = 6.6 ± 0.36 kg) were blocked by BW within litter, assigned to pens (2 pigs/pen; 5 and 4 pens per litter for groups 1 and 2, respectively), and pens were assigned 1 of 3 nursery diets: 1) corn-soybean meal (CON), 2) 30% peroxidized DDGS (Ox-D), and 3) 30% Ox-D with 5 × NRC (1998) level of VE (Ox-D+5VE) for 7 wk, in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of sow and nursery diets (n = 9 pens/treatment). The peroxidized DDGS source in nursery diets contained concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and peroxide values that were 25 and 27 times greater than a reference corn sample. Sow colostrum, milk, and serum, as well as pig serum and liver samples, were analyzed for α-tocopherol and Se concentrations. Pig serum was analyzed for glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), TBARS, and sulfur-containing AA (SAA). Pig hearts were evaluated for gross and histopathological lesions indicative of MHD, but none were detected. Pigs from sows fed DDGS tended to have reduced (P = 0.07) VE in serum during lactation and reduced VE at weaning (P < 0.01; 5.6 vs. 6.7 ± 0.1 µg/mL) compared with pigs from sows fed C-SBM. Inclusion of DDGS in sow diets reduced the VE status of pigs during lactation, but not in the nursery when MHD can be a concern. Pigs fed Ox-D+5VE (P = 0.08) tended to have, and those fed Ox-D (P = 0.04) had greater ADFI than pigs fed CON, but ADG was not affected (P > 0.1) by nursery diet. Feeding Ox-D or Ox-D+5VE increased (P < 0.05) serum α-tocopherol compared with CON (2.5, 2.8, and 3.4 ± 0.09 µg/mL, respectively), but TBARS and GPx were not affected by nursery diet. Serum concentration of SAA was 40% to 50% greater (P < 0.01) for pigs fed Ox-D or Ox-D+5VE compared with those fed C-SBM, which was likely due to greater (P < 0.01) SAA intake for pigs fed Ox-D. The antioxidant properties of SAA may have spared VE and Se and masked any effect of Ox-D on metabolic oxidation status. Therefore, increasing the dietary VE concentration was unnecessary in nursery diets containing Ox-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Hanson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
| | - L Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
| | - L J Johnston
- West Central Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Morris 56267
| | - S K Baidoo
- Southern Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Waseca 56093
| | - J L Torrison
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
| | - C Chen
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
| | - G C Shurson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
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