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Pesce F, Sannino E, Ragosta E, Esposito M, Del Monaco V, D'Amore M, Uberti BD, Fusco G, De Carlo E, Miletti G. Lightning deaths in three outdoor dogs: A case study. Res Vet Sci 2024; 174:105303. [PMID: 38820706 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
This case report presents findings in three German Shepherd placed outdoor, dead after a night of thunderstorm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pesce
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Sannino
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, Italy.
| | - Enza Ragosta
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Esposito
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Del Monaco
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna D'Amore
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Degli Uberti
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Fusco
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Esterina De Carlo
- National Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gianluca Miletti
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, Italy
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Zhu S, Buckles E, Bunting E, Hynes K, Schuler K. Diagnostic evaluation of unknown white-tailed deer morbidity and mortality in New York State: 2011–2017. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Zhu
- S. Zhu (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8694-4058) ✉ , E. Bunting and K. Schuler, Dept of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Buckles
- E. Buckles, Dept of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bunting
- S. Zhu (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8694-4058) ✉ , E. Bunting and K. Schuler, Dept of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Kevin Hynes
- Kevin Hynes, Wildlife Health Unit, New York State Dept of Environmental Conservation, Delmar, NY, USA
| | - Krysten Schuler
- S. Zhu (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8694-4058) ✉ , E. Bunting and K. Schuler, Dept of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA
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Twenty Years of Passive Disease Surveillance of Roe Deer ( Capreolus capreolus) in Slovenia. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020407. [PMID: 33562662 PMCID: PMC7915899 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Wildlife can serve as a reservoir for highly contagious and deadly diseases, many of which are infectious to domestic animals and/or humans. Wildlife disease surveillance can be considered an essential tool to provide important information on the health status of the population and for the protection of human health. Between 2000 and 2019, examinations of 510 roe deer carcasses were conducted by comprehensive necropsy and other laboratory tests. In conclusion, the results of this research indicate a broad spectrum of roe deer diseases, but no identified disease can be considered a significant health threat to other wildlife species and/or to humans. Abstract In this paper, we provide an overview of the causes of death of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) diagnosed within the national passive health surveillance of roe deer in Slovenia. From 2000 to 2019, postmortem examinations of 510 free-ranging roe deer provided by hunters were conducted at the Veterinary Faculty, Slovenia. A comprehensive necropsy was performed. According to the results of the necropsy, the samples were subjected to microscopic, histopathological, bacteriological, parasitological, or virological examination. The most frequent causes of death in roe deer were infectious diseases (67%), followed by noninfectious diseases (28%). Of all deaths, parasitic infections represented 48%, bacterial infections 14.8%, trauma 12.5%, and metabolic disorders 9.8%. Less frequent causes were diseases like neoplasia and mycotic infections, winter starvation, hernias, and lightning strike. This study covered an estimated 1% of the total disease-related mortality of roe deer in Slovenia. Comparisons of sex/age structure indicated that hunters did not provide random samples (e.g., young males were disproportionately represented). Therefore, such monitoring does not ensure an unbiased assessment of the significance of the individual disease for the mortality of the population; however, it can provide credible evidence of whether or not a particular disease is present in a population. We show that no identified disease in roe deer in Slovenia can be considered a significant health threat to roe deer, other wildlife species, or humans.
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Stoff M, Baumgärtner W, Wohlsein P. [Lightning strike on a horse pasture - a diagnostic challenge?!]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2020; 48:268-274. [PMID: 32823332 DOI: 10.1055/a-1216-2300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
During summer, permanent or temporary pasture keeping carries an increased risk of death caused by lightning strikes. Although - due to their body structure and pasture grazing - large animals are particularly susceptible to step voltage effects in consequence to a lightning strike to the ground there are only few published cases in the veterinary literature. Frequently in lightning-related accidents, a current flow through the heart occurs resulting in acute cardiac and circulatory failure. In the vast majority of cases, this is accompanied either by very unspecific lesions or even lacks any morphological alterations. Accordingly, the etiologic diagnosis in the absence of clear, lightning-related damage to the body represents a major diagnostic challenge. The evaluation of meteorological data as well as consideration of the pasture's location and positioning of the body when found may provide further key information in the clarification of fatalities caused by lightning strikes.This case report presents findings in a 7-year-old thoroughbred gelding found dead together with 3 other horses, all lying together in a group on the pasture. Pathological examination revealed a 2-3 mm wide line of singed, curled hair on the right front and hind limbs. Histologically, the pertaining skin areas displayed groups of elongated epithelial cells with herringbone-like elongation of the nuclei within the epidermis and the hair follicles. Coagulations of dermal proteins were present multifocally within the dermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Stoff
- Institut für Pathologie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
| | | | - Peter Wohlsein
- Institut für Pathologie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
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Schulze C, Peters M, Baumgärtner W, Wohlsein P. Electrical Injuries in Animals: Causes, Pathogenesis, and Morphological Findings. Vet Pathol 2016; 53:1018-29. [PMID: 27106738 DOI: 10.1177/0300985816643371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Electrical injuries in animals occur most often accidentally. They comprise contact to various forms of currents, including alternating, rotary, or direct currents. Depending on various parameters of the current (including the type of circuit, voltage, current and duration of exposure) and conditions of the animal (such as wet or dry hair coat and pathway of current through the body), lesions may be absent or may include early or localized development of rigor mortis, signs of acute circulatory failure, or severe thermoelectrical burns. Such burns may present as external current marks, singed hair or feathers, metallization of the skin, or occasionally internal electroporation injury resulting in muscle necrosis, hemolysis, vascular damage with thrombosis, injury to brain and spinal cord, or skeletal fractures. Furthermore, lightning strikes occur regularly in grazing animals, which have greater risk of death from step potentials (ground current) in addition to direct strike and contact injury. Such cases may have no lesions, external signs of linear or punctate burns, keraunographic markings, or exit burns on the soles of the hooves or the coronary bands. Besides detailed information about the circumstances at the location where the animal was found, electrical injuries in animals require a thorough morphological workup, including additional investigations in conjunction with certain knowledge about the possible lesion spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schulze
- Berlin-Brandenburg State Laboratory, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
| | - M Peters
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Westfalen, Arnsberg, Germany
| | - W Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - P Wohlsein
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Lightning related fatalities in livestock: Veterinary expertise and the added value of lightning location data. Vet J 2015; 203:103-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gomes C. Lightning safety of animals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2012; 56:1011-1023. [PMID: 22215021 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-011-0515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2011] [Revised: 12/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper addresses a concurrent multidisciplinary problem: animal safety against lightning hazards. In regions where lightning is prevalent, either seasonally or throughout the year, a considerable number of wild, captive and tame animals are injured due to lightning generated effects. The paper discusses all possible injury mechanisms, focusing mainly on animals with commercial value. A large number of cases from several countries have been analyzed. Economically and practically viable engineering solutions are proposed to address the issues related to the lightning threats discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandima Gomes
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Centre of Excellence on Lightning Protection, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Evans PM, Armour MD, Dubielzig RR. Ocular lesions following suspected lightning injury in a horse. Vet Ophthalmol 2012; 15:276-9. [PMID: 22212169 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2011.00983.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the gross and histopathological ocular findings in a horse following suspected lightning injury. METHODS The eyes of a 2-year-old thoroughbred gelding were clinically and histopathologically evaluated following a severe lightning storm following euthanasia because of visual impairment. RESULTS Severe corneal edema and hydrops were noted clinically oculus dexter. Indirect ophthalmoscopy revealed bilateral symmetrical raised hyporeflective peripapillary geographic lesions. Histopathologic evaluation revealed corneal edema in the right eye with normal corneal endothelium. Posterior segment evaluation revealed localized, pericentral choroidal lesions characterized by the presence of hemorrhage, early fibrosis, and minimal lymphoplasmacytic, neutrophilic, and histiocytic inflammation with spindle cell proliferation. The retinas overlying the choroidal lesions were necrotic and mostly absent. Peripheral to the focal lesion, the retina abruptly returned to normal architecture peripheral to a zone of apoptotic photoreceptors. Centrally, swollen axons extended into the optic disc. CONCLUSIONS There have been few descriptions of ocular lesions in animals following suspected lightning injury. We believe these findings to be unique because of the type of thermal injury that may be characteristic of lightening injury. We do not know whether these lesions would have progressed over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige M Evans
- Eye Care for Animals, City of Angels, Culver City, CA, USA.
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