A Review on Medicinal Properties of Orientin

Medicinal plants continue to play an important role in modern medications and healthcare as consumers generally believe that most of them cause fewer or milder adverse effects than the conventional modern medicines. In order to use the plants as a source of medicinal agents, the bioactive compounds are usually extracted from plants. Therefore, the extraction of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants is a crucial step in producing plant-derived drugs. One of the bioactive compounds isolable from medicinal plants, orientin, is often used in various bioactivity studies due to its extensive beneficial properties. The extraction of orientin in different medicinal plants and its medicinal properties, which include antioxidant, antiaging, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammation, vasodilatation and cardioprotective, radiation protective, neuroprotective, antidepressant-like, antiadipogenesis, and antinociceptive effects, are discussed in detail in this review.

Rapid Screening for Flavone C-Glycosides in the Leaves of Different Species of Bamboo and Simultaneous Quantitation of Four Marker Compounds by HPLC-UV/DAD

A strategy for analyzing flavone C-glucosides in the leaves of different species of bamboo was developed. Firstly, the flavone C-glycosides were extracted from the bamboo leaves (51 species in 17 genera) with methanol and chromatographed on silica gel 60 plates in automatic developing chamber (ADC2), and a qualitative survey using simple derivatization steps with the NP reagent was carried out. The flavone C-glycosides were found in 40 of 51 species of bamboo examined. Secondly, an HPLC method with photodiode array and multiple wavelength detector was optimized and validated for the simultaneous determination of flavone C-glycosides, including isoorientin, isovitexin, orientin, and vitexin in the leaves of three species of bamboo and the flavone C-glycosides were confirmed by LC/MS. The optimized HPLC method proved to be linear in the concentration range tested (0.2–100 μg/mL, r² ≥ 0.9997), precise (RSD ≤ 1.56%), and accurate (88–106%). The concentration ranges of isoorientin, isovitexin, orientin, and vitexin in three bamboo leaves samples were 1.00–2.78, 0–0.31, 0–0.07, and 0.20–0.68 mg/g, respectively. The proposed method was validated to be simple and reliable and can be a tool for quality control of bamboo leaf extract or its commercial products.

Enhanced dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of fresh plant residues and their extracts

The feasibility of using fresh plant residues and their extracts to stimulate the bio-dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were highlighted. Wood chip, bamboo leave, orange peel and their water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) were chosen as amendment materials. Effect of WEOM on bio-dissipation (bioaccumulation and biodegradation) of phenanthrene and pyrene from water by two bacteria were investigated. Orange peel extract demonstrated the highest efficiency for stimulating PAHs removal by bacterium B1 (Pseudomonas putida), while bamboo leave extract was the best one to enhance PAHs bio-dissipation by bacterium B2 (unidentified bacterium isolated from PAHs-contaminated soil). Amended the actual contaminated soil with 1% plant residues, PAHs dissipation were increased by 15-20%, 20-39%, 14-24%, 12-23% and 17-26%, respectively, for 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-ring PAHs via stimulating indigenous microbial degradation activity. Bamboo leave exhibited the most effective one to stimulate dissipation of PAHs in contaminated soil.

Identification and structure elucidation of a p-phenoxybenzaldehyde in bamboo shoots by HPLC-ESI/MS/MS and NMR

In this study, a derivative of p-phenoxybenzaldehyde in bamboo shoots was investigated. Bamboo shoots were ground and extracted with water, and an aqueous suspension was purified by SPE using Oasis HLB cartridges. After the SPE procedure, the analytes were analyzed by HPLC with refractive index detection (HPLC-RI). In the HPLC-RI analysis for sucralose, a putative sucralose was detected. In the subsequent HPLC-PDA analysis, the suspicious peak showed a unique UV absorption spectrum with the maximum wavelength at 285 nm indicating the existence of an aromatic ring. The contents of the unknown compound in bamboo shoot products ranged from 0.01 to 0.15 mg/g. The identity of the unknown compound was further confirmed by HPLC-ESI/MS/MS. The molecular weight of the unknown compound was determined to be 244. The chemical structure of the unknown compound was elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic analyses ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT, COSY, HMQC, and HMBC). Finally, the structure of the unknown compound was characterized as 4-(4-dihydroxymethylphenoxy)benzaldehyde.