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Xue X, Zhang M, Gong H, Ye L. Recyclable nanoparticles based on a boronic acid-diol complex for the real-time monitoring of imprinting, molecular recognition and copper ion detection. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:6698-6706. [PMID: 34807213 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02226a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have now become one of the most remarkable materials in the field of molecular recognition. Although many efforts have been made to study the process and mechanism of molecular imprinting, it has not been possible to monitor the interactions between the template and the growing polymer chains under real-time experimental conditions. The behavior of the template-monomer complex during the whole polymerization process has remained largely unknown. In this work, we introduce a fluorescence technique that allows monitoring of the template-functional monomer complex during an actual imprinting process, as well as the real-time signaling of template binding and dissociation from the imprinted polymer. For the first proof-of-principle, we select Alizarin Red S (ARS) and 4-vinylphenylboronic acid as the template and functional monomer, respectively, to synthesize MIP particles via precipitation polymerization. As the formation of the template-functional monomer complex leads to strong fluorescence emission, it allows the status of the template binding to be monitored throughout the whole reaction process in real time. Using the same fluorescence technique, the kinetics of template binding and dissociation can be studied directly without particle separation. The hydrophilic MIP particles can be used as a scavenger to remove ARS from water. In addition, the MIP particles can be used as a recyclable sensor to detect Cu ions. As the Cu ion forms a stable complex with ARS, it causes ARS to dissociate from the MIP nanoparticles, leading to effective fluorescence quenching. The non-separation analytical method based on fluorescence measurement provides a convenient means to study molecular imprinting reactions and the kinetics of molecular recognition using imprinted polymers. The recyclable nanoparticle sensor allows toxic Cu ions to be detected directly in water in the range of 0.1-100 μM with a recovery of 84-95%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Xue
- Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden.
| | - Man Zhang
- Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden.
| | - Haiyue Gong
- Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden.
| | - Lei Ye
- Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden.
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2
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Kudupoje MB, Vanzant ES, McLeod KR, Yiannikouris A. Synthesis, Evaluation, and Characterization of an Ergotamine Imprinted Styrene-Based Polymer for Potential Use as an Ergot Alkaloid Selective Adsorbent. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:30260-30280. [PMID: 34805659 PMCID: PMC8600535 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Alkaloid toxicities negatively impact livestock health and production. To assess alkaloid occurrences, adsorbent technologies may offer effective means to their extraction and isolation from a complex feed matrix. In this study, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were synthesized and evaluated for their specificity of binding to various ergot alkaloids. Co-polymers of styrene and hydroxyethyl methacrylate were synthesized in the absence or presence of an ergotamine (ETA) template, yielding non-imprinted polymer (NIP) and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), respectively. The influence of parameters such as pH, temperature, and initial concentration on the adsorption of ergot alkaloids was evaluated along with their application as solid phase extraction materials. Chemical and morphological properties were characterized. Adsorption was generally greater for MIP compared to NIP. Cross-reactivity with related alkaloids existed due to similarities in structure and functional groups and was dependent on the type and concentration of alkaloid and polymer type (alkaloid type × concentration × product; P < 0.05). The pH of the medium had no influence on the binding properties of polymers toward ETA within a pH range of 2-10. Binding was independent of temperature between 36 and 42 °C. When kinetics of adsorption were evaluated, the Langmuir isotherm had a better fit (R 2 > 0.95) to adsorption equilibrium data than the Freundlich equation. The maximum amounts adsorbed (Q o) from the Langmuir model were 8.68 and 7.55 μM/g for MIP and NIP, respectively. Fourier transform infrared, scanning and tandem electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis confirmed a highly porous MIP structure with a greater surface area compared to NIP. Binding characteristics evaluated with computational strategy using molecular docking experiments and in vitro in a complex media (rumen fluid) indicated a stronger ETA adsorption by the tested composition selected among other polymeric materials and affinity of MIP compared with NIP. This study suggested the possible utility of MIP as a solid phase extraction sorbent for applications in analytical chemistry or sensing devices tailored to track ergot alkaloid incidence and the fate of those alkaloids in complex ruminal digestive samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj B. Kudupoje
- Chemistry
and Toxicology Division, Center for animal Nutrigenomics & Applied
Animal Nutrition, Alltech Inc., 3031 Catnip Hill Road, Nicholasville, Kentucky 40356, United States
- Department
of Animal and Food Sciences, University
of Kentucky, W.P. Garrigus Building, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0215, United States
| | - Eric S. Vanzant
- Department
of Animal and Food Sciences, University
of Kentucky, W.P. Garrigus Building, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0215, United States
| | - Kyle R. McLeod
- Department
of Animal and Food Sciences, University
of Kentucky, W.P. Garrigus Building, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0215, United States
| | - Alexandros Yiannikouris
- Chemistry
and Toxicology Division, Center for animal Nutrigenomics & Applied
Animal Nutrition, Alltech Inc., 3031 Catnip Hill Road, Nicholasville, Kentucky 40356, United States
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Abu-Alsoud GF, Hawboldt KA, Bottaro CS. Assessment of cross-reactivity in a tailor-made molecularly imprinted polymer for phenolic compounds using four adsorption isotherm models. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1629:461463. [PMID: 32841770 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cross-reactivity is an important feature of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and is central to successful use of a pseudo-template in molecular imprinting. The adsorption and cross-reactivity of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) designed for recognition of phenols from water was assessed using four different isotherm models (Langmuir (LI), Freundlich (FI), Langmuir-Freundlich (L-FI), and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET)). The L-FI model succeeded in explaining the cross-reactivity behavior through the total number of binding sites, the affinity constants and heterogeneity indices of the small phenols (phenol (ph), 2-methylphenol (2-MP), 3-methylphenol (3-MP), 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 2,4-dimethylphenol (DMP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP), 4-chloro-3-methylphenol (CMP)) with evidence that the phenols compete for binding sites based on their hydrophobicity as well as π-π, π-σ and dipole-dipole intermolecular forces. The recognition of the large phenols (2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), 4-teroctylphenol (4-OP), 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), which have much higher binding affinities than the smaller phenolic compounds, was explained with the BET isotherm model that predicts that multiple layers adsorb to the adsorbed monolayer. The adsorption behavior with MIPs is also shown to be superior to corresponding non-imprinted polymers and applicability of MIPs for trace analysis is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer F Abu-Alsoud
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Kelly A Hawboldt
- Department of Process Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Christina S Bottaro
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada.
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Shinde S, Incel A, Mansour M, Olsson GD, Nicholls IA, Esen C, Urraca J, Sellergren B. Urea-Based Imprinted Polymer Hosts with Switchable Anion Preference. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11404-11416. [PMID: 32425049 PMCID: PMC7467678 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
design of artificial oxyanion receptors with switchable ion
preference is a challenging goal in host–guest chemistry. We
here report on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with an external
phospho-sulpho switch driven by small molecule modifiers. The polymers
were prepared by hydrogen bond-mediated imprinting of the mono- or
dianions of phenyl phosphonic acid (PPA), phenyl sulfonic acid (PSA),
and benzoic acid (BA) using N-3,5-bis-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-Ń-4-vinylphenyl urea (1) as the functional
host monomer. The interaction mode between the functional monomer
and the monoanions was elucidated by 1H NMR titrations
and 1H–1H NMR NOESY supported by molecular
dynamic simulation, which confirmed the presence of high-order complexes.
PPA imprinted polymers bound PPA with an equilibrium constant Keq = 1.8 × 105 M–1 in acetonitrile (0.1% 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine) and inorganic
HPO42– and SO42– with Keq = 2.9 × 103 M–1 and 4.5 × 103 M–1, respectively, in aqueous buffer. Moreover, the chromatographic
retentivity of phosphonate versus sulfonate was shown to be completely
switched on this polymer when changing from a basic to an acidic modifier.
Mechanistic insights into this system were obtained from kinetic investigations
and DSC-, MALDI-TOF-MS-, 1H NMR-studies of linear polymers
prepared in the presence of template. The results suggest the formation
of template induced 1–1 diad repeats in the polymer main chain
shedding unique light on the relative contributions of configurational
and conformational imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhirkumar Shinde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 20506 Malmö, Sweden.,Faculty of Chemistry, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anil Incel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 20506 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mona Mansour
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 20506 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gustaf D Olsson
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Linneaus University Center for Biomaterials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, 39182 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Ian A Nicholls
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Linneaus University Center for Biomaterials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, 39182 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Cem Esen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Javier Urraca
- Faculty of Chemistry, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Börje Sellergren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 20506 Malmö, Sweden.,Faculty of Chemistry, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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Sakata T, Nishitani S, Kajisa T. Molecularly imprinted polymer-based bioelectrical interfaces with intrinsic molecular charges. RSC Adv 2020; 10:16999-17013. [PMID: 35521456 PMCID: PMC9053408 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02793f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For enzyme-/antibody-free and label-free biosensing, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based membrane with phenylboronic acid (PBA) molecules, which induces the change in the density of molecular charges based on the small biomolecule–PBA diol binding, has been demonstrated to be suitable for the bioelectrical interface of biologically coupled gate field-effect transistor (bio-FET) sensors. MIP-coated gate FET sensors selectively detect various small biomolecules such as glucose, dopamine, sialic acid, and oligosaccharides without using labeled materials. In particular, the well-controlled MIP film by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) contributes to the quantitative analysis of small biomolecule sensing, resulting in potentiometric Langmuir isotherm adsorption analysis by which the parameters such as the binding affinity between small biomolecules and MIP cavities are evaluated. Also, the output electrical signal of even a random MIP-coated gate FET sensor is quantitatively analyzed using the bi-Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation, showing the adsorption mechanism of small biomolecules onto the template-specific MIP membrane. Thus, a platform based on the MIP bioelectrical interface for the bio-FET sensor is suitable for an enzyme-/antibody-free and label-free biosensing system in the fields of clinical diagnostics, drug discovery, the food industry, and environmental research. A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based membrane with phenylboronic acid (PBA) molecules, which induces the change in the density of molecular charges, is suitable for the bioelectrical interface of field-effect transistor (FET) sensors.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Sakata
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan +81-3-5841-1842 +81-3-5841-1842
| | - Shoichi Nishitani
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan +81-3-5841-1842 +81-3-5841-1842
| | - Taira Kajisa
- Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University 2-1, Minamijosanjima-cho Tokushima 770-8506 Japan
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Abu-Alsoud GF, Hawboldt KA, Bottaro CS. Comparison of Four Adsorption Isotherm Models for Characterizing Molecular Recognition of Individual Phenolic Compounds in Porous Tailor-Made Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:11998-12009. [PMID: 32023026 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film using catechol as the template was designed for adsorption of a range of phenols from water. Four different isotherm models (Langmuir (LI), Freundlich (FI), Langmuir-Freundlich (L-FI), and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET)) were used to study the MIP adsorption of five phenolic compounds: phenol (Ph), 2-methylphenol (2-MP), 3-methylphenol (3-MP), 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), and 4-teroctylphenol (4-OP). Each model was evaluated for its fit with the experimental data, and key parameters, including a number of binding sites and binding site energies, were compared. Though the LI, L-FI, and BET models showed good agreement for estimation of the number of binding sites and affinity for most adsorbates, no single model was suitable for all. The LI and L-FI models gave the best fitting statistics for the Ph, 2-MP, 3-MP, and 2-CP. The recognition of 4-OP, which has much higher binding affinities than the smaller phenolic compounds not attributable to hydrophobicity alone, was explained only by the BET model, which indicates the formation of multilayers. The BET model failed only with phenol. MIPs also showed higher adsorption capacities and improved homogeneity over the analogous non-imprinted polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer F Abu-Alsoud
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Kelly A Hawboldt
- Department of Process Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Christina S Bottaro
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada
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7
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Nishitani S, Sakata T. Potentiometric Adsorption Isotherm Analysis of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Interface for Small-Biomolecule Recognition. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5382-5389. [PMID: 30023917 PMCID: PMC6045357 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a direct and quantitative analytical method of small-biomolecule recognition with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) interface, taking advantage of the potentiometric principle of a field-effect transistor (FET) sensor, which enables the direct detection of ionic charges without using labeling materials such as fluorescent dyes. The interaction of low-molecular-weight oligosaccharides such as paromomycin and kanamycin with the MIP interface including phenylboronic acid (PBA) was directly and quantitatively analyzed from the electrical signals of an MIP-coated FET sensor. In particular, the change in the potential response of the FET sensor was derived on the basis of the multi-Langmuir adsorption isotherm equations, considering the change in the molecular charges of PBA caused by the adsorption equilibrium of the analytes with the vinyl PBA-copolymerized MIP membrane. Thus, the potentiometric adsorption isotherm analysis can elucidate the formation of selective binding sites at the MIP interface. The electrochemical analysis of the functional biointerface used in this study supports the design and construction of sensors for small biomarkers.
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Söylemez MA, Güven O. Detailed positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic investigation of atrazine imprinted polymers grafted onto PE/PP non-woven fabrics. J Mol Recognit 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Olgun Güven
- Department of Chemistry; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
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9
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Płotka-Wasylka J, Marć M, Szczepańska N, Namieśnik J. New Polymeric Materials for Solid Phase Extraction. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2017; 47:373-383. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2017.1298987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mariusz Marć
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Natalia Szczepańska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Namieśnik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
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10
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Dorkó Z, Szakolczai A, Verbić T, Horvai G. Binding capacity of molecularly imprinted polymers and their nonimprinted analogs. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:4240-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zsanett Dorkó
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
- MTA-BME Research Group of Technical Analytical Chemistry; Budapest Hungary
| | - Anett Szakolczai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
| | - Tatjana Verbić
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - George Horvai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budapest Hungary
- MTA-BME Research Group of Technical Analytical Chemistry; Budapest Hungary
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Halhalli MR, Sellergren B. Insights into the formation, structural properties and performance of RAFT polymerized l-phenylalanine anilide molecularly imprinted polymers. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01318f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The enhanced performance of molecularly imprinted polymers prepared by controlled radical polymerization in terms of affinity, selectivity, capacity and mass transfer properties is shown here to correlate with pore structure parameters in their dry and swollen states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Börje Sellergren
- Department of Chemistry
- TU-Dortmund
- 44221 Dortmund
- Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
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12
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Long Y, Philip JYN, Schillén K, Liu F, Ye L. Insight into molecular imprinting in precipitation polymerization systems using solution NMR and dynamic light scattering. J Mol Recognit 2010; 24:619-30. [PMID: 21472813 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting is a powerful synthetic technique for generating template-defined binding sites in cross-linked polymers. One scientific challenge in molecular imprinting research is to understand the intermolecular interactions leading to molecular complexation and the process of binding site formation during polymerization. In this work, we present a novel method for studying the molecular imprinting process in precipitation polymerization systems. This method employs solution (1) H NMR and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to investigate the association of template molecules with colloidal particles and the dynamic process of particle growth. Under precipitation polymerization conditions, the colloidal particles formed did not interfere with NMR signals from the soluble components, allowing unreacted monomers and free template to be easily quantified. To examine the process of particle nucleation and growth, DLS was used to measure the hydrodynamic particle size at different reaction times. To corroborate the interpretation of the NMR and DLS results, imprinted nanoparticles were collected at different reaction times and their binding characteristics were evaluated using radioligand-binding analysis. Our experimental results provide new insights into the molecular imprinting process that will be useful in the development of new imprinted nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Long
- Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Chemical Center, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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Piletska EV, Guerreiro AR, Whitcombe MJ, Piletsky SA. Influence of the Polymerization Conditions on the Performance of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma900432z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Piletska
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - António R. Guerreiro
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Michael J. Whitcombe
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Sergey A. Piletsky
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, U.K
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A solid-state and suspended-state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic investigation of a 9-ethyladenine molecularly imprinted polymer. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Piacham T, Josell Å, Arwin H, Prachayasittikul V, Ye L. Molecularly imprinted polymer thin films on quartz crystal microbalance using a surface bound photo-radical initiator. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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