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Roy N, Bomzan P, Roy D, Ghosh B, Roy MN. Exploring β-CD grafted GO nanocomposites with an encapsulated fluorescent dye duly optimized by molecular docking for better applications. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mohammad M, Al Rasid Gazi H, Pandav K, Pandya P, Islam MM. Evidence for Dual Site Binding of Nile Blue A toward DNA: Spectroscopic, Thermodynamic, and Molecular Modeling Studies. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:2613-2625. [PMID: 33553879 PMCID: PMC7859944 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Binding of Nile Blue (NB) with calf thymus DNA has been studied using molecular modeling, spectroscopic, and thermodynamic techniques. Our study revealed that NB binds to the DNA helix by two types of modes (groove binding and intercalation) simultaneously. The thermodynamic study showed that the overall binding free energy is a combination of several negative and positive free energy changes. The binding was favored by negative enthalpy and positive entropy changes (due to the release of water from the DNA helix). The docking study validated all experimental evidence and showed that NB binds to a DNA minor groove at low concentrations and switches to intercalation mode at higher concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukti Mohammad
- Department
of Chemistry, Aliah University, Action Area IIA/27, New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 160, India
| | - Harun Al Rasid Gazi
- Department
of Chemistry, Aliah University, Action Area IIA/27, New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 160, India
| | - Kumud Pandav
- Department
of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology
Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Prateek Pandya
- Amity
Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Md. Maidul Islam
- Department
of Chemistry, Aliah University, Action Area IIA/27, New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 160, India
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Lin X, Fukazawa K, Ishihara K. Photoinduced inhibition of DNA unwinding in vitro with water-soluble polymers containing both phosphorylcholine and photoreactive groups. Acta Biomater 2016; 40:226-234. [PMID: 27045692 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nile blue (NB)-tagged DNA helix-targeting amphiphilic photoreactive 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer, poly(MPC-co-3-methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl-4-oxybenzophenone-co-2-trimethylammonium ethyl methacrylate chloride) (PMHT-NB), containing a cationic group to facilitate cell membrane penetration and a benzophenone (BP) group to promote photoinduced conjugation with DNA helix was synthesized using radical polymerization method. Ultraviolet light (UV)-visible light absorption spectra of PMHT-NB showed absorption peaks at wavelengths 254, 289, and 600nm, suggesting successful incorporation of BP and NB groups. PMHT-NB was highly sensitive to photoirradiation with UV irradiation at the second level, as confirmed based on the degradation spectra of UV absorption peaks for the BP group in PBS (pH=7.4). PMHT-NB showed good solubility in both aqueous solution and in ethanol. In a cell culture medium containing 10mg/mL PMHT-NB, the NB group showed fluorescence peaks at an emission wavelength of 650nm and excitation wavelength of 633nm. PMHT-NB also showed low cytotoxicity and good cell membrane permeability toward cancerous HeLa cells. Further, photoinduced PMHT-NB effectively inhibited the unwinding of a molecular beacon with a hairpin structure, indicating that synthetic photoreactive MPC polymers photoregulated the unwinding of DNA. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural and synthetic genetic hybrid biomaterials consisting of well-designed polymers loaded with oligonucleotide fragments are considered as an attractive alternative to conventional transgene systems and chemical methods for precisely and rapidly modulation of intracellular gene expression. Containing versatile functional moieties, the effectiveness of well-designed cytocompatible polymers themselves without oligonucleotide fragments on gene regulation is rarely investigated. In the present study, a 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer composed of a tumor/DNA-targeting moiety and photo-controllable unit demonstrated low cytotoxicity, rapid cell membrane permeability and effective inhibitive ability on DNA unwinding under a light irradiation. The synthetic polymer was considered as promising material to effectively inhibit intracellular partial DNA unwinding for cancer/gene therapy.
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Mortazavi S, Sahraei R, Farmany A. Silver nanoparticle-based spectrophotometric method for quantification of nile blue A in river water. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sandu ICA, Schäfer S, Magrini D, Bracci S, Roque CA. Cross-section and staining-based techniques for investigating organic materials in painted and polychrome works of art: a review. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2012; 18:860-875. [PMID: 22849802 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927612000554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The article presents a review of the use of cross-section and staining techniques for investigating natural organic materials (mainly proteinaceous and oil-based binders/varnishes) in painted and polychrome artworks, considering the requirements of conservation practice and routine diagnostics. The reviewed literature calls attention to the importance of using cross sections to prepare samples for optical microscopy and to different properties of embedding resins; the most appropriate instrumental conditions for optical microscopy; and the advantages and disadvantages of the most common staining techniques. A few case studies were selected to illustrate the use of autofluorescence (intrinsic fluorescence) and induced fluorescence (using specific staining tests and fluorophore-labeled antibodies) for mapping and identifying organic paint materials in cross sections. New directions of research in cross-section analyses and fluorescence-based techniques for the identification and mapping of artistic materials are presented. The complementary use of different stains on the same cross section, further exploration of intrinsic and induced fluorescence of aged versus fresh materials, and applicability of cross-section observation and staining as complementary methods for assessing the effectiveness of restoration treatments, such as cleaning and consolidation, are discussed in the last section of the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Crina Anca Sandu
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Conservação e Restauro, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Coutinho PJ. Photophysics and Biophysical Applications of Benzo[a]phenoxazine Type Fluorophores. REVIEWS IN FLUORESCENCE 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-88722-7_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Sequence dependent ultrafast electron transfer of nile blue in oligonucleotides. J Fluoresc 2008; 19:353-61. [PMID: 18972193 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-008-0423-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this contribution we report studies on the nature of binding of nile blue (NB), a well known DNA intercalating drug, with three synthetic DNA oligonucleotides, (CGCAAATTTGCG)(2), (GCGCGCGCGCGC)(2) and (ATATATATATAT)(2). The nature of fluorescence quenching of the ligand upon complexation with the DNAs has been studied using steady state and picosecond-resolved optical spectroscopic techniques. The geometrical restriction on the probe in the DNA microenvironment is measured using picosecond-resolved rotational anisotropy measurements. Our experiments identify both non-specific electrostatic and intercalative modes of interaction of the probe with the DNAs at lower and higher DNA concentrations, respectively. This dual nature of binding is also confirmed through gel electrophoresis experiments. The nature of electron transfer (ET) reaction of GC base pairs with intercalated NB has also been explored. Competitive binding study reveals that binding affinity of the probe is higher with SDS micelles than with the DNAs within its structural integrity in presence of the micelles, as evidenced from circular dichroism (CD) measurements. The complex rigidity of NB with various DNAs and its fluorescence quenching with DNAs elucidate a strong recognition mechanism between NB and DNA.
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Mitra RK, Sinha SS, Pal SK. Interactions of Nile blue with micelles, reverse micelles and a genomic DNA. J Fluoresc 2007; 18:423-32. [PMID: 18064544 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-007-0282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2007] [Accepted: 11/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this contribution we report studies on the nature of binding of a small ligand/drug Nile blue (NB) with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles, bis-(2-ethylehexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/isooctane reverse micelles (RM) and a genomic DNA extracted from Salmon sperm. With detailed steady state and picosecond resolved optical spectroscopic techniques, we examined the fluorescence quenching of the ligand upon complexation with the SDS monomers and DNA. Polarization analyzed picosecond-resolved fluorescence measurements reveal geometrical restriction on the probe in SDS micelles, AOT-RM and DNA. Steady state and time resolved studies on the probe in nanocages of AOT RM with various degrees of hydration (w(0)) reveal the existence of NB as two distinct species namely, neutral and cationic. This study confirms that the emission of NB in aqueous micelles and DNA solution is due to the cationic form of the drug. Our experiments clearly identified non-specific electrostatic and intercalative modes of interaction of the probe with the DNA at lower and higher DNA concentrations respectively. The nature of binding of NB in presence of the DNA and SDS micelles reveals that the binding affinity of the probe is higher with the micelles than with the DNA. The complex rigidity of NB with DNA and its fluorescence quenching with DNA elucidate a strong recognition mechanism between NB and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Kumar Mitra
- Unit of Nano-Science and Technology, Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata, India
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Lee ES, Park KH, Kang D, Park IS, Min HY, Lee DH, Kim S, Kim JH, Na K. Protein complexed with chondroitin sulfate in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres. Biomaterials 2007; 28:2754-62. [PMID: 17337049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2006] [Accepted: 01/23/2007] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CsA) is an acidic mucopolysaccharide, which is able to form ionic complexes with positively charged proteins. In this study, a protein-CsA complex was constructed to nano-sized particles. Zeta potential measurements revealed that a CsA-to-protein fraction of greater than 0.1 results in a neutralization of the positive charge on lysozyme (Lys). Based on this preliminary study, we have prepared poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres harboring Lys/CsA complexes via the multi-emulsion method. Protein stability in the PLGA microspheres was preserved during both microsphere preparation and protein release. The profiles of Lys release from the PLGA microspheres evidenced nearly zero-order kinetics, depending on the quantity of CsA. An in vivo fluorescent image of experimental mouse tissue showed that the PLGA microspheres with the Lys/CsA complex had released the entirety of their Lys without no residual amount after 23 days, but microspheres without the complex harbored a great deal of residual Lys, which is attributable to its degradation by acidic PLGA degradates. The tissue reaction evidenced by the PLGA microspheres stabilized with CsA showed minimal foreign body reaction and little configuration of immune cells including neutrophils and macrophages, but the reactions of the PLGA microspheres without CsA were characterized by a relatively elevated inflammation. These results show that CsA is a viable candidate for long-acting micro-particular protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Seong Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
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Das K, Jain B, Patel HS. Nile Blue in Triton-X 100/benzene-hexane reverse micelles: a fluorescence spectroscopic study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2004; 60:2059-2064. [PMID: 15248986 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2003.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2003] [Revised: 11/12/2003] [Accepted: 11/12/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of ground state prototropic equilibrium of the dye Nile Blue in Triton-X 100/benzene-hexane reverse micellar system. In the absence of water, the deprotonated form of the dye is predominant. Addition of water produces the protonated form. At highest water loading, the equilibrium is still shifted towards the deprotonated form as revealed by the absorption spectrum. In neat Triton-X 100 also, the dye is present almost predominantly in the deprotonated form as revealed by the absorption spectrum. The average fluorescence lifetime of the dye is greater in neat Triton-X 100 than in Triton-X 100 reverse micelles, when no water is added. Addition of water to the reverse micelles increases the average lifetime of the deprotonated species. We offer possible explanations to the above observations by discussing the structure and properties of the Triton-X 100/benzene-hexane reverse micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustuv Das
- Bio-Medical Applications Section, Center for Advanced Technology, Laser R&D, Block D, Indore, MP 452013, India.
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Christoff M, Yamaki SB, De Oliveira MG, Atvars TDZ. Detection of residual acidic groups in several poly(N-alkyl methacrylate)s using photophysical and photochemical probes. J Appl Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/app.20022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Gill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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