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Sineshchekov VA. Fluorescence and Photochemical Investigations of Phytochrome in Higher Plants. JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2010; 2010:1-15. [DOI: 10.1155/2010/358372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In higher plants, photoreceptor phytochrome (phy)—photoisomerizing biliprotein working as a light-driven molecular switch—is represented by a small family of phytochrome gene products with phyA and phyB as major species. phyA is unique among other phytochromes mediating photoresponse modes specific only for this pigment (far-red light induced) and also photoresponses characteristic of phyB and other minor phys (red light induced). In our group,in vivofluorescence investigations of phytochrome were initiated and two native phyA pools—posttranslationally modifiedPHYAgene products designated phyA′and phyA″—were detected in dicots and monocots. They differ by spectroscopic and photochemical parameters, by abundance and distribution in etiolated plant tissues, by light stability, and other phenomenological characteristics, and, most importantly, by their functional properties. This may explain, at least partially, the nature of the uniqueness of the phyA action. In this paper, the data on the phyA polymorphism are summarized with attention to the applied experimental approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly A. Sineshchekov
- Physico-Chemical Biology, Biology Faculty, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
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Sorokina O, Kapus A, Terecskei K, Dixon LE, Kozma-Bognar L, Nagy F, Millar AJ. A switchable light-input, light-output system modelled and constructed in yeast. J Biol Eng 2009; 3:15. [PMID: 19761615 PMCID: PMC2758823 DOI: 10.1186/1754-1611-3-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advances in synthetic biology will require spatio-temporal regulation of biological processes in heterologous host cells. We develop a light-switchable, two-hybrid interaction in yeast, based upon the Arabidopsis proteins PHYTOCHROME A and FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 1-LIKE. Light input to this regulatory module allows dynamic control of a light-emitting LUCIFERASE reporter gene, which we detect by real-time imaging of yeast colonies on solid media. Results The reversible activation of the phytochrome by red light, and its inactivation by far-red light, is retained. We use this quantitative readout to construct a mathematical model that matches the system's behaviour and predicts the molecular targets for future manipulation. Conclusion Our model, methods and materials together constitute a novel system for a eukaryotic host with the potential to convert a dynamic pattern of light input into a predictable gene expression response. This system could be applied for the regulation of genetic networks - both known and synthetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Sorokina
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, UK
| | - Anita Kapus
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Temesvari krt. 62, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kata Terecskei
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Temesvari krt. 62, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Laura E Dixon
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, UK.,Centre for Systems Biology at Edinburgh, C.H. Waddington Building, Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JD, UK
| | - Laszlo Kozma-Bognar
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Temesvari krt. 62, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Nagy
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, UK.,Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Temesvari krt. 62, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrew J Millar
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, UK.,Centre for Systems Biology at Edinburgh, C.H. Waddington Building, Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JD, UK
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Sineshchekov V, Loskovich A, Inagaki N, Takano M. Two Native Pools of Phytochrome A in Monocots: Evidence from Fluorescence Investigations of Phytochrome Mutants of Rice. Photochem Photobiol 2006; 82:1116-22. [PMID: 17205634 DOI: 10.1562/2005-12-10-ra-749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence investigations of phytochrome (phy) in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) mutants deficient in phyA, phyB and phyA plus phyB were performed. Total content of the pigment (P(tot)) and its spectroscopic and photochemical characteristics were determined in different parts of the dark-grown and far-red light (FR)-grown coleoptiles. Spectroscopically, phyA in the phyB mutant was identical to phyA in the wild-type (WT) and the extent of the conversion from Pr to lumi-R at 85 K was the same for phyA in both lines and varied similarly, depending on the part of the coleoptile used. The latter finding proved that phyA in rice is heterogeneous and comprises two phyA populations, phyA' and phyA". Functional properties of phyA were also determined. In the dark the phyB mutant had a higher content of phyA, inactive protochlorophyllide (Pchlide633) and active protochlorophyllide (Pchlide655) than WT and its coleoptile was longer, indicating that phyB may affect the development of WT seedlings in the dark. Constant FR drastically reduced the content of phyA, Pchlide633 and Pchlide655 and brought about coleoptile shortening and appearance of the first leaf, whereas pulsed FR of equal fluence was less effective. This suggested that the reactions were primarily of the high irradiance responses type, which are likely to be mediated by phyA'. The effects on protochlorophyllide biosynthesis and growth responses type were more pronounced in the phyB mutant than in the WT seedlings, which can be connected with the higher phyA' content in the phyB mutant and/or phyB interference with its action in WT seedlings. In the phyA mutant induction of Pchlide633 and Pchlide655 biosynthesis was observed under constant FR, indicating that phyC may be responsible for this effect.
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