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Li L, Wei KL, Liu MS, Wang QL, Zeng TF, Chen RZ, Xia XW, Zhang HT. Hematoporphyrin derivative-mediated photodynamic techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of chordoma. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 48:104231. [PMID: 38821238 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chordoma is a rare congenital low-grade malignant tumor characterized by infiltrative growth. It often tends to compress important intracranial nerves and blood vessels, making its surgical treatment extremely difficult. Besides, the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is limited. The photosensitizer hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) can emit red fluorescence under 405 nm excitation and produce reactive oxygen species for tumor therapy under 630 nm excitation. Herein, we investigated the effects of the photosensitizer hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) on different cell lines of chordoma and xenograft tumors under 405 nm and 630 nm excitation. METHODS The photosensitizer hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) and Two different chordoma cell lines (U-CH1, JHC7) were used for the test. The in vitro experiments were as follows: (1) the fluorescence intensity emitted by chordoma cells excited by different 405 nm light intensities was observed under a confocal microscope; (2) the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to detect the effects of different photosensitizer concentrations and 630 nm light energy densities on the activity of chordoma cells. In the in vivo experiments, (3) Fluorescence visualization of chordoma xenograft tumors injected with photosensitizer via tail vein under 405 nm excitation; (4) Impact of 630 nm excitation of photosensitizer on the growth of chordoma xenograft tumors. RESULTS (1) The photosensitizers in chordoma cells and chordoma xenografts of nude mice were excited by 405 nm to emit red fluorescence; (2) 630 nm excitation photosensitizer reduces chordoma cell activity and inhibits chordoma xenograft tumor growth in chordoma nude mice. CONCLUSION Photodynamic techniques mediated by the photosensitizer hematoporphyrin derivatives can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of chordoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, China
| | - Kai-Lun Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, China
| | - Ming-Song Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, China
| | - Qi-Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, China
| | - Tong-Fei Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, China
| | - Rui-Zhe Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, China
| | - Xue-Wei Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, China
| | - Hong-Tian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, China.
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Boscencu R, Radulea N, Manda G, Machado IF, Socoteanu RP, Lupuliasa D, Burloiu AM, Mihai DP, Ferreira LFV. Porphyrin Macrocycles: General Properties and Theranostic Potential. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031149. [PMID: 36770816 PMCID: PMC9919320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite specialists' efforts to find the best solutions for cancer diagnosis and therapy, this pathology remains the biggest health threat in the world. Global statistics concerning deaths associated with cancer are alarming; therefore, it is necessary to intensify interdisciplinary research in order to identify efficient strategies for cancer diagnosis and therapy, by using new molecules with optimal therapeutic potential and minimal adverse effects. This review focuses on studies of porphyrin macrocycles with regard to their structural and spectral profiles relevant to their applicability in efficient cancer diagnosis and therapy. Furthermore, we present a critical overview of the main commercial formulations, followed by short descriptions of some strategies approached in the development of third-generation photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rica Boscencu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
| | - Natalia Radulea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gina Manda
- “Victor Babeş” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Isabel Ferreira Machado
- Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
- BSIRG—Biospectroscopy and Interfaces Research Group, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico and Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Radu Petre Socoteanu
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Mihaela Burloiu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
| | - Dragos Paul Mihai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luis Filipe Vieira Ferreira
- BSIRG—Biospectroscopy and Interfaces Research Group, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico and Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
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An Engineered Nanocomplex with Photodynamic and Photothermal Synergistic Properties for Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042286. [PMID: 35216400 PMCID: PMC8874418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are promising therapeutic methods for cancer treatment; however, as single modality therapies, either PDT or PTT is still limited in its success rate. A dual application of both PDT and PTT, in a combined protocol, has gained immense interest. In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were conjugated with a PDT agent, meso-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (mTHPC) photosensitizer, designed as nanotherapeutic agents that can activate a dual photodynamic/photothermal therapy in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. The AuNP-mTHPC complex is biocompatible, soluble, and photostable. PDT efficiency is high because of immediate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production upon mTHPC activation by the 650-nm laser, which decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψm). Likewise, the AuNP-mTHPC complex is used as a photoabsorbing (PTA) agent for PTT, due to efficient plasmon absorption and excellent photothermal conversion characteristics of AuNPs under laser irradiation at 532 nm. Under the laser irradiation of a PDT/PTT combination, a twofold phototoxicity outcome follows, compared to PDT-only or PTT-only treatment. This indicates that PDT and PTT have synergistic effects together as a combined therapeutic method. Our study aimed at applying the AuNP-mTHPC approach as a potential treatment of cancer in the biomedical field.
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Daouk J, Iltis M, Dhaini B, Béchet D, Arnoux P, Rocchi P, Delconte A, Habermeyer B, Lux F, Frochot C, Tillement O, Barberi-Heyob M, Schohn H. Terbium-Based AGuIX-Design Nanoparticle to Mediate X-ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050396. [PMID: 33922073 PMCID: PMC8143523 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy is based on the energy transfer from a nanoscintillator to a photosensitizer molecule, whose activation leads to singlet oxygen and radical species generation, triggering cancer cells to cell death. Herein, we synthesized ultra-small nanoparticle chelated with Terbium (Tb) as a nanoscintillator and 5-(4-carboxyphenyl succinimide ester)-10,15,20-triphenyl porphyrin (P1) as a photosensitizer (AGuIX@Tb-P1). The synthesis was based on the AGuIX@ platform design. AGuIX@Tb-P1 was characterised for its photo-physical and physico-chemical properties. The effect of the nanoparticles was studied using human glioblastoma U-251 MG cells and was compared to treatment with AGuIX@ nanoparticles doped with Gadolinium (Gd) and P1 (AGuIX@Gd-P1). We demonstrated that the AGuIX@Tb-P1 design was consistent with X-ray photon energy transfer from Terbium to P1. Both nanoparticles had similar dark cytotoxicity and they were absorbed in a similar rate within the cells. Pre-treated cells exposure to X-rays was related to reactive species production. Using clonogenic assays, establishment of survival curves allowed discrimination of the impact of radiation treatment from X-ray-induced photodynamic effect. We showed that cell growth arrest was increased (35%-increase) when cells were treated with AGuIX@Tb-P1 compared to the nanoparticle doped with Gd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Daouk
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, UMR 7039 Research Center for Automatic Control (CRAN), Université de Lorraine–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.D.); (M.I.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (H.S.)
| | - Mathilde Iltis
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, UMR 7039 Research Center for Automatic Control (CRAN), Université de Lorraine–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.D.); (M.I.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (H.S.)
| | - Batoul Dhaini
- Reactions and Chemical Engineering Laboratory (LRGP), UMR 7274, Université de Lorraine–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-54000 Nancy, France; (B.D.); (P.A.); (C.F.)
| | - Denise Béchet
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, UMR 7039 Research Center for Automatic Control (CRAN), Université de Lorraine–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.D.); (M.I.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (H.S.)
| | - Philippe Arnoux
- Reactions and Chemical Engineering Laboratory (LRGP), UMR 7274, Université de Lorraine–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-54000 Nancy, France; (B.D.); (P.A.); (C.F.)
| | - Paul Rocchi
- Light Matter Institute, UMR-5306, Université de Lyon–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-69000 Lyon, France; (P.R.); (F.L.); (O.T.)
| | - Alain Delconte
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, UMR 7039 Research Center for Automatic Control (CRAN), Université de Lorraine–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.D.); (M.I.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (H.S.)
| | | | - François Lux
- Light Matter Institute, UMR-5306, Université de Lyon–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-69000 Lyon, France; (P.R.); (F.L.); (O.T.)
| | - Céline Frochot
- Reactions and Chemical Engineering Laboratory (LRGP), UMR 7274, Université de Lorraine–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-54000 Nancy, France; (B.D.); (P.A.); (C.F.)
| | - Olivier Tillement
- Light Matter Institute, UMR-5306, Université de Lyon–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-69000 Lyon, France; (P.R.); (F.L.); (O.T.)
| | - Muriel Barberi-Heyob
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, UMR 7039 Research Center for Automatic Control (CRAN), Université de Lorraine–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.D.); (M.I.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (H.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)3-72-74-61-14
| | - Hervé Schohn
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, UMR 7039 Research Center for Automatic Control (CRAN), Université de Lorraine–French National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.D.); (M.I.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (H.S.)
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Proton-dynamic therapy following photosensitiser activation by accelerated protons demonstrated through fluorescence and singlet oxygen production. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3986. [PMID: 31484929 PMCID: PMC6726622 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate excitation of photosensitisers (PSs) by accelerated protons to produce fluorescence and singlet oxygen. Their fluorescence follows a pattern similar to the proton energy loss in matter, while proton-derived fluorescence spectra match the photon-induced spectra. PSs excited in dry gelatin exhibit enhanced phosphorescence, suggesting an efficient PSs triplet state population. Singlet oxygen measurements, both optically at ~1270 nm and through the photoproduct of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), demonstrate cytotoxic singlet oxygen generation by proton excitation. The singlet oxygen-specific scavenger 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) abrogates the photoproduct formation under proton excitation, but cannot countermand the overall loss of PpIX fluorescence. Furthermore, in two cell lines, M059K and T98G, we observe differential cell death upon the addition of the PS cercosporin, while in U87 cells we see no effect at any proton irradiation dose. Our results pave the way for a novel treatment combining proton therapy and “proton-dynamic therapy” for more efficient tumour eradication. The authors use accelerated protons on photosensitizers (PS, conventionally excited by light), to generate fluorescence and singlet oxygen which can enhance the efficacy of proton therapy. A pilot study on glioblastoma cells confirms differential cell death upon irradiation in the presence of PS.
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Akimoto J, Fukami S, Ichikawa M, Mohamed A, Kohno M. Intraoperative Photodiagnosis for Malignant Glioma Using Photosensitizer Talaporfin Sodium. Front Surg 2019; 6:12. [PMID: 30949484 PMCID: PMC6438081 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2019.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the clinical feasibility of intraoperative photodiagnosis (PD) of malignant brain tumor using talaporfin sodium (TPS), which is an agent used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancers. Methods: Forty-seven patients diagnosed with malignant gliomas by preoperative imaging (42 patients with gliomas and 5 patients with other brain tumors) received an intravenous injection of TPS at 40 mg/m2 24 h before resection. During surgery, these patients were irradiated with diode laser light at 664 nm, and tumor fluorescence was observed. The fluorescence intensity was visually rated on a 3-point rating scale [strong fluorescence, weak fluorescence and no fluorescence]. TPS concentrations in 124 samples from 47 cases were measured by HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography). Results: The fluorescence intensity was confirmed to be weak in all patients with Grade II gliomas and strong in almost all patients with Grade III or IV gliomas, reflecting the histological grade of malignancy. In patients with non-glioma brain tumors except for 1 patient with a metastatic brain tumor, the fluorescence intensity was strong. The mean TPS concentration in tissues was 1.62 μg/g for strong fluorescence areas, 0.67 μg/g for weak fluorescence areas and 0.19 μg/g for no fluorescence areas. Conclusions: Establishment of an appropriate fluorescence observation system enabled fluorescence-guided resection of malignant brain tumors using TPS, and the fluorescence intensity of tumors correlated with the TPS concentrations in tissues. These results suggest that TPS is a useful photosensitizer for both intraoperative fluorescence diagnosis and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Akimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kohsei Chuo General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Fukami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Ichikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Awad Mohamed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Michihiro Kohno
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Xin J, Wang S, Zhang L, Xin B, He Y, Wang J, Wang S, Shen L, Zhang Z, Yao C. Comparison of the synergistic anticancer activity of AlPcS4 photodynamic therapy in combination with different low‑dose chemotherapeutic agents on gastric cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:165-178. [PMID: 29767247 PMCID: PMC6059740 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited cellular delivery and internalization efficiency of Al(III) phthalocyanine chloride tetrasulfonic acid (AlPcS4) induce poor penetration ability in cells and a slight photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect on gastric cancer. The combination treatment of AlPcS4/PDT with low-dose chemotherapeutic agents may provide a promising treatment strategy to increase the weak delivery efficiency of AlPcS4, reducing the dose of chemical agents without reducing efficacy, and improving apoptosis-inducing abilities, thereby increasing the antitumor effects and decreasing the noxious side effects on gastric cancer. We investigated and compared the synergistic antitumor growth effect on gastric cancer cells by combining AlPcS4/PDT treatment with different low-dose chemotherapeutic agents, namely, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin (DOX), cisplatin (CDDP), mitomycin C (MMC), and vincristine (VCR). The inhibitory effect was increased in treatments that combined AlPcS4/PDT with all the aforementioned low-dose chemotherapeutic agents, to a different extent. An evident synergistic effect was obtained in the combination treatment of AlPcS4/PDT with low-dose 5-FU, DOX, and MMC by increasing AlPcS4 intracellular uptake ability, improving apoptosis-inducing abilities, and prolonging apoptosis-inducing time. The low-dose chemotherapeutic agents prolonged the apoptosis-inducing period of AlPcS4/PDT, and AlPcS4/PDT quickly improved apoptosis-inducing abilities of chemotherapy even at low doses. Generally, the combination treatment of AlPcS4/PDT with low-dose chemotherapeutic agents had significant antitumor growth effects in addition to a low dark-cytotoxicity effect on gastric cancer, thereby representing an effective and feasible therapy method for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xin
- Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Senhao Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Luwei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Bo Xin
- Xi'an Fanyi University, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710105, P.R. China
| | - Yulu He
- Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Lijian Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxi Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Cuiping Yao
- Institute of Biomedical Analytical Technology and Instrumentation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
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Pereira NAM, Laranjo M, Pina J, Oliveira ASR, Ferreira JD, Sánchez-Sánchez C, Casalta-Lopes J, Gonçalves AC, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Piñeiro M, Seixas de Melo JS, Botelho MF, Pinho E Melo TMVD. Advances on photodynamic therapy of melanoma through novel ring-fused 5,15-diphenylchlorins. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 146:395-408. [PMID: 29407966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, photophysical behaviour and photosensitization ability of novel 4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-fused 5,15-diphenylchlorins against melanoma cells are described. All studied chlorins were found to be extremely active against melanoma cell lines A375 showing IC50 values below 20 nM. Furthermore, a dihydroxymethyl diphenylchlorin was identified as an excellent candidate to allow modulating of different types of cell death, apoptosis vs. necrosis, by varying its concentration. This can be explored as a tool to improve the effectiveness of PDT since inflammatory response resulting from necrotic cell death after PDT can activate the antitumor immune response with implications also regarding the vascular damage. This feature combined with very low cytotoxicity against human melanoma cells in the absence of light activation and against human fibroblast HFF-1 cells makes this chlorin a candidate of choice as a photosensitizer for PDT. A comprehensive photophysical investigation including the determination of quantum yields for fluorescence, singlet oxygen sensitization and internal conversion, lifetimes and rate constants of all the excited state deactivation processes has been undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson A M Pereira
- CQC and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Laranjo
- Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CIMAGO-Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; iCBR, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pina
- CQC and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Andreia S R Oliveira
- CQC and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Dias Ferreira
- Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - João Casalta-Lopes
- Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CIMAGO-Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Radiation Oncology Department, Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-993 Coimbra, Portugal; iCBR, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- CIMAGO-Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; iCBR, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- CIMAGO-Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; iCBR, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta Piñeiro
- CQC and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CIMAGO-Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; iCBR, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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10
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Valdés PA, Roberts DW, Lu FK, Golby A. Optical technologies for intraoperative neurosurgical guidance. Neurosurg Focus 2016; 40:E8. [PMID: 26926066 DOI: 10.3171/2015.12.focus15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical optics is a broadly interdisciplinary field at the interface of optical engineering, biophysics, computer science, medicine, biology, and chemistry, helping us understand light-tissue interactions to create applications with diagnostic and therapeutic value in medicine. Implementation of biomedical optics tools and principles has had a notable scientific and clinical resurgence in recent years in the neurosurgical community. This is in great part due to work in fluorescence-guided surgery of brain tumors leading to reports of significant improvement in maximizing the rates of gross-total resection. Multiple additional optical technologies have been implemented clinically, including diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and imaging, optical coherence tomography, Raman spectroscopy and imaging, and advanced quantitative methods, including quantitative fluorescence and lifetime imaging. Here we present a clinically relevant and technologically informed overview and discussion of some of the major clinical implementations of optical technologies as intraoperative guidance tools in neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Valdés
- Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.,Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston
| | - David W Roberts
- Section of Neurosurgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | | | - Alexandra Golby
- Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.,Radiology, and.,Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital
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Photodynamic Therapy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Narrative Review and Future Directions. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016; 13:265-75. [PMID: 26646726 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201509-650fr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an established treatment modality for non-small cell lung cancer. Phototoxicity, the primary adverse event, is expected to be minimized with the introduction of new photosensitizers that have shown promising results in phase I and II clinical studies. Early-stage and superficial endobronchial lesions less than 1 cm in thickness can be effectively treated with external light sources. Thicker lesions and peripheral lesions may be amenable to interstitial PDT, where the light is delivered intratumorally. The addition of PDT to standard-of-care surgery and chemotherapy can improve survival and outcomes in patients with pleural disease. Intraoperative PDT has shown promise in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with pleural spread. Recent preclinical and clinical data suggest that PDT can increase antitumor immunity. Crosslinking of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 molecules is a reliable biomarker to quantify the photoreaction induced by PDT. Randomized studies are required to test the prognosis value of this biomarker, obtain approval for the new photosensitizers, and test the potential efficacy of interstitial and intraoperative PDT in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
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James NS, Joshi P, Ohulchanskyy TY, Chen Y, Tabaczynski W, Durrani F, Shibata M, Pandey RK. Photosensitizer (PS)-cyanine dye (CD) conjugates: Impact of the linkers joining the PS and CD moieties and their orientation in tumor-uptake and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:770-785. [PMID: 27543778 PMCID: PMC5720162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the impact of linker(s) joining the photosensitizer HPPH [3-(1'-hexyloxy) ethyl-3-devinylpyropheophorbide-a] and the cyanine dye (CD) in tumor-imaging and photodynamic therapy (dual-function agents), a series of HPPH-CD conjugates were synthesized. The modifications were done in an attempt to minimize Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) between the two chromophores and maximize singlet oxygen production. Among the conjugates containing variable length of linkers, the HPPH-CD conjugate, in which the photosensitizer (PS) and the CD was joined by four Carbon [(CH2)4] units showed higher tumor uptake, improved tumor contrast and limited skin uptake in mice bearing Colon-26 (BALB/c) or U87 tumors in Nude mice. The bi-functional agents in which the HPPH was linked at the meta-position of phenyl-substituted CD 5, 6 and 7 showed longer tumor response (cure) than the corresponding para-substituted analogs 2, 3, and 4, which suggests that the orientation of the PS and CD moieties within the conjugate also makes a substantial difference in tumor-specificity. Compared to HPPH, the singlet oxygen yields of all the HPPH-CD conjugates were significantly low, and required a higher therapeutic dose to achieve the same in vivo response obtained by HPPH-PDT alone. However, conjugate 6 produced a higher singlet oxygen yield with reduced FRET and exhibited enhanced long-term PDT efficacy in mice bearing Colon-26 (BALB/c) and U87 tumors (nude) than its counterparts, including our lead compound (HPPH-CD), making it the most efficacious of the series. Thus, these conjugates bearing cyanine dye moiety (CD) provide an opportunity of imaging deeply seated tumors for fluorescence-guided surgery with an option of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine S James
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Penny Joshi
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Tymish Y Ohulchanskyy
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China; Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Yihui Chen
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Walter Tabaczynski
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Farukh Durrani
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Masayuki Shibata
- Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Related Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
| | - Ravindra K Pandey
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
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Pramual S, Assavanig A, Bergkvist M, Batt CA, Sunintaboon P, Lirdprapamongkol K, Svasti J, Niamsiri N. Development and characterization of bio-derived polyhydroxyalkanoate nanoparticles as a delivery system for hydrophobic photodynamic therapy agents. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:40. [PMID: 26712706 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed and investigated nanoparticles of biologically-derived, biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as carriers of a hydrophobic photosensitizer, 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-21H, 23H-porphine (pTHPP) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Three PHA variants; polyhydroxybutyrate, poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) or P(HB-HV) with 12 and 50% HV were used to formulate pTHPP-loaded PHA nanoparticles by an emulsification-diffusion method, where we compared two different poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) stabilizers. The nanoparticles exhibited nano-scale spherical morphology under TEM and hydrodynamic diameters ranging from 169.0 to 211.2 nm with narrow size distribution. The amount of drug loaded and the drug entrapment efficiency were also investigated. The in vitro photocytotoxicity was evaluated using human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29 and revealed time and concentration dependent cell death, consistent with a gradual release pattern of pTHPP over 24 h. This study is the first demonstration using bacterially derived P(HB-HV) copolymers for nanoparticle delivery of a hydrophobic photosensitizer drug and their potential application in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasivimon Pramual
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Apinya Assavanig
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Magnus Bergkvist
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, 12203, USA
| | - Carl A Batt
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Panya Sunintaboon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Jisnuson Svasti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Protein Structure and Function, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Nuttawee Niamsiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Yamamoto T, Ishikawa E, Miki S, Sakamoto N, Zaboronok A, Matsuda M, Akutsu H, Nakai K, Tsuruta W, Matsumura A. Photodynamic Diagnosis Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in 41 Biopsies for Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma. Photochem Photobiol 2015; 91:1452-7. [PMID: 26277101 DOI: 10.1111/php.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the feasibility of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) in the biopsy for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). 5-ALA (20 mg kg(-1) ) was administered orally 4 hours preoperatively. Forty-one biopsies obtained under PDD in 47 consecutive biopsies (46 patients) that were finally pathologically diagnosed as PCNSL were evaluated. Positive fluorescence was observed in 34 of those 41 biopsies (82.9%). An intraoperative pathological diagnosis (IOD) of suspected PCNSL was made in 21 of the biopsies with positive fluorescence (61.8%). However, the eight IODs in the remaining 13 biopsies (23.5%) were not correct (atypical cell, 4; high-grade glioma, 1; gliosis, 1; unremarkable, 2). In those 8 biopsies, PCNSL was confirmed by the final pathological diagnosis. There was no difference in the mean Mib-1 labeling index between the biopsies with positive fluorescence (86.5%) and those without positive fluorescence (90.0%). IOD was not performed in 6 biopsies; however, 5 of those biopsies (83.3%) showed positive fluorescence and were finally pathologically diagnosed as PCNSL. Use of PDD in biopsies for patients with suspected PCNSL is a reliable way of obtaining specimens of adequate quality for the final pathological diagnosis and may lead to improved diagnostic yield in the biopsy of PCNSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shunichiro Miki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Noriaki Sakamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Alexander Zaboronok
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masahide Matsuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Akutsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kei Nakai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Wataro Tsuruta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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van Leeuwen FWB, Hardwick JCH, van Erkel AR. Luminescence-based Imaging Approaches in the Field of Interventional Molecular Imaging. Radiology 2015; 276:12-29. [PMID: 26101919 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2015132698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence imaging-based guidance technologies are increasingly gaining interest within surgical and radiologic disciplines. Their promise to help visualize molecular features of disease in real time and with microscopic detail is considered desirable. Integrating luminescence imaging with three-dimensional radiologic- and/or nuclear medicine-based preinterventional imaging may overcome limitations such as the limited tissue penetration of luminescence signals. At the same time, the beneficial features of luminescence imaging may be used to complement the routinely used radiologic- and nuclear medicine-based modalities. To fully exploit this integrated concept, and to relate the largely experimental luminesce-based guidance approaches into perspective with routine imaging approaches, it is essential to understand the advantages and limitations of this relatively new modality. By providing an overview of the available luminescence technologies and the various clinically evaluated exogenous luminescent tracers (fluorescent, hybrid, and theranostic tracers), this review attempts to place luminescence-based interventional molecular imaging technologies into perspective to the available radiologic- and/or nuclear medicine-based imaging technologies. At the same time, the transition from anatomic to physiologic and even molecular interventional luminescence imaging is illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fijs W B van Leeuwen
- From the Department of Radiology, Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory and Section of Interventional Radiology (F.W.B.v.L., A.R.v.E.), and Department of Gastroenterology (J.C.H.H.), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - James C H Hardwick
- From the Department of Radiology, Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory and Section of Interventional Radiology (F.W.B.v.L., A.R.v.E.), and Department of Gastroenterology (J.C.H.H.), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arian R van Erkel
- From the Department of Radiology, Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory and Section of Interventional Radiology (F.W.B.v.L., A.R.v.E.), and Department of Gastroenterology (J.C.H.H.), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
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Eljamel S. 5-ALA Fluorescence Image Guided Resection of Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:10443-56. [PMID: 25961952 PMCID: PMC4463655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160510443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most deadly cancers in humans. Despite recent advances in anti-cancer therapies, most patients with GBM die from local disease progression. Fluorescence image guided surgical resection (FIGR) was recently advocated to enhance local control of GBM. This is meta-analyses of 5-aminolevulinic (5-ALA) induced FIGR. MATERIALS Review of the literature produced 503 potential publications; only 20 of these fulfilled the inclusion criteria of this analysis, including a total of 565 patients treated with 5-ALA-FIGR reporting on its outcomes and 800 histological samples reporting 5-ALA-FIGR sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS The mean gross total resection (GTR) rate was 75.4% (95% CI: 67.4-83.5, p<0.001). The mean time to tumor progression (TTP) was 8.1 months (95% CI: 4.7-12, p<0.001). The mean overall survival gain reported was 6.2 months (95% CI: -1-13, p<0.001). The specificity was 88.9% (95% CI: 83.9-93.9, p<0.001) and the sensitivity was 82.6% (95% CI: 73.9-91.9, p<0.001). CONCLUSION 5-ALA-FIGR in GBM is highly sensitive and specific, and imparts significant benefits to patients in terms of improved GTR and TTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Eljamel
- Neurological Surgery, High Tech Neuro & Micro Surgery, Edinburgh EH3 8JB, UK.
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Leroy HA, Vermandel M, Lejeune JP, Mordon S, Reyns N. Fluorescence guided resection and glioblastoma in 2015: A review. Lasers Surg Med 2015; 47:441-51. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henri-Arthur Leroy
- INSERM; U1189 ONCO-THAI; Lille France
- CHRU de lille; Department of Neurosurgery; Lille France
- University of Lille; Lille France
| | - Maximilien Vermandel
- INSERM; U1189 ONCO-THAI; Lille France
- CHRU de lille; Department of Neurosurgery; Lille France
- University of Lille; Lille France
| | - Jean-Paul Lejeune
- INSERM; U1189 ONCO-THAI; Lille France
- CHRU de lille; Department of Neurosurgery; Lille France
- University of Lille; Lille France
| | | | - Nicolas Reyns
- INSERM; U1189 ONCO-THAI; Lille France
- CHRU de lille; Department of Neurosurgery; Lille France
- University of Lille; Lille France
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Mallidi S, Spring BQ, Hasan T. Optical Imaging, Photodynamic Therapy and Optically Triggered Combination Treatments. Cancer J 2015; 21:194-205. [PMID: 26049699 PMCID: PMC4459538 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Optical imaging is becoming increasingly promising for real-time image-guided resections, and combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT), a photochemistry-based treatment modality, optical approaches can be intrinsically "theranostic." Challenges in PDT include precise light delivery, dosimetry, and photosensitizer tumor localization to establish tumor selectivity, and like all other modalities, incomplete treatment and subsequent activation of molecular escape pathways are often attributable to tumor heterogeneity. Key advances in molecular imaging, target-activatable photosensitizers, and optically active nanoparticles that provide both cytotoxicity and a drug release mechanism have opened exciting avenues to meet these challenges. The focus of the review is optical imaging in the context of PDT, but the general principles presented are applicable to many of the conventional approaches to cancer management. We highlight the role of optical imaging in providing structural, functional, and molecular information regarding photodynamic mechanisms of action, thereby advancing PDT and PDT-based combination therapies of cancer. These advances represent a PDT renaissance with increasing applications of clinical PDT as a frontline cancer therapy working in concert with fluorescence-guided surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivalleesha Mallidi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Bryan Q. Spring
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
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Photodynamic therapy mediated by 5-aminolevulinic acid suppresses gliomas growth by decreasing the microvessels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 35:259-264. [PMID: 25877362 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-015-1421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been demonstrated to be a novel and effective therapeutic modality for some human malignancies, its effect and mechanism on glioma are still controversial. Previous studies have reported that 5-ALA-PDT induced necrosis of C6 rat glioma cells in vitro. The aim of this study was to further investigate the effect and mechanism of 5-ALA-PDT on C6 gliomas implanted in rats in vivo. Twenty-four rats bearing similar size of subcutaneously implanted C6 rat glioma were randomly divided into 3 groups: receiving 5-ALA-PDT (group A), laser irradiation (group B), and mock procedures but without any treatment (group C), respectively. The growth, histology, microvessel density (MVD), and apoptosis of the grafts in each group were determined after the treatments. As compared with groups B and C, the volume of tumor grafts was significantly reduced (P<0.05), MVD was significantly decreased (P<0.001), and the cellular necrosis was obviously increased in group A. There was no significant difference in apoptosis among the three groups. The in vivo studies confirmed that 5-ALA-PDT may be an effective treatment for gliomas by inhibiting the tumor growth. The mechanism underlying may involve increasing the cellular necrosis but not inducing the cellular apoptosis, which may result from the destruction of the tumor microvessels.
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Srivatsan A, Missert JR, Upadhyay SK, Pandey RK. Porphyrin-based photosensitizers and the corresponding multifunctional nanoplatforms for cancer-imaging and phototherapy. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424615300037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This review article briefly describes: (a) the advantages in developing multifunctional nanoparticles for cancer-imaging and therapy, (b) the advantages and limitations of most of the porphyrin-based compounds in fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT), (c) problems associated with current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved photosensitizers, (d) challenges in developing in vivo target-specific PDT agents, (e) development of porphyrin-based nuclear-imaging agents (PET, SPECT) with an option of PDT, (f) the importance of light dosimetry in PDT, (g) the role of whole body or local hyperthermia in enhancing tumor-uptake, tumor-imaging and phototherapy and finally, (h) the advantages of photosensitizer-gold nanocages (Ps- Au NC) in photoacoustic and PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Srivatsan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cancer Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Joseph R. Missert
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | | | - Ravindra K. Pandey
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cancer Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Multifunctional ultrasmall nanoplatforms for vascular-targeted interstitial photodynamic therapy of brain tumors guided by real-time MRI. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:657-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhang X, Guo M, Shen L, Hu S. Combination of photodynamic therapy and temozolomide on glioma in a rat C6 glioma model. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:603-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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23
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Yu Q, Rodriguez EM, Naccache R, Forgione P, Lamoureux G, Sanz-Rodriguez F, Scheglmann D, Capobianco JA. Chemical modification of temoporfin – a second generation photosensitizer activated using upconverting nanoparticles for singlet oxygen generation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12150-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05867d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Photodynamic therapy of malignant brain tumours: A complementary approach to conventional therapies. Cancer Treat Rev 2014; 40:229-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Chakrabarti M, Banik NL, Ray SK. Photofrin based photodynamic therapy and miR-99a transfection inhibited FGFR3 and PI3K/Akt signaling mechanisms to control growth of human glioblastoma In vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55652. [PMID: 23409016 PMCID: PMC3567141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in humans. We explored the molecular mechanisms how the efficacy of photofrin based photodynamic therapy (PDT) was enhanced by miR-99a transfection in human glioblastoma cells. Our results showed almost similar uptake of photofrin after 24 h in different glioblastoma cells, but p53 wild-type cells were more sensitive to radiation and photofrin doses than p53 mutant cells. Photofrin based PDT induced apoptosis, inhibited cell invasion, prevented angiogenic network formation, and promoted DNA fragmentation and laddering in U87MG and U118MG cells harvoring p53 wild-type. Western blotting showed that photofrin based PDT was efficient to block the angiogenesis and cell survival pathways. Further, photofrin based PDT followed by miR-99a transfection dramatically increased miR-99a expression and also increased apoptosis in glioblastoma cell cultures and drastically reduced tumor growth in athymic nude mice, due to down regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and PI3K/Akt signaling mechanisms leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of molecular mechanisms of apoptosis. Therefore, our results indicated that the anti-tumor effects of photofrin based PDT was strongly augmented by miR-99a overexpression and this novel combination therapeutic strategy could be used for controlling growth of human p53 wild-type glioblastomas both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmay Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Naren L. Banik
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Swapan K. Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Josefsen LB, Boyle RW. Unique diagnostic and therapeutic roles of porphyrins and phthalocyanines in photodynamic therapy, imaging and theranostics. Theranostics 2012; 2:916-66. [PMID: 23082103 PMCID: PMC3475217 DOI: 10.7150/thno.4571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyrinic molecules have a unique theranostic role in disease therapy; they have been used to image, detect and treat different forms of diseased tissue including age-related macular degeneration and a number of different cancer types. Current focus is on the clinical imaging of tumour tissue; targeted delivery of photosensitisers and the potential of photosensitisers in multimodal biomedical theranostic nanoplatforms. The roles of porphyrinic molecules in imaging and pdt, along with research into improving their selective uptake in diseased tissue and their utility in theranostic applications are highlighted in this Review.
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Wang S, Kim G, Lee YEK, Hah HJ, Ethirajan M, Pandey RK, Kopelman R. Multifunctional biodegradable polyacrylamide nanocarriers for cancer theranostics--a "see and treat" strategy. ACS NANO 2012; 6:6843-51. [PMID: 22702416 PMCID: PMC3429656 DOI: 10.1021/nn301633m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We describe here the development of multifunctional nanocarriers, based on amine-functionalized biodegradable polyacrylamide nanoparticles (NPs), for cancer theranostics, including active tumor targeting, fluorescence imaging, and photodynamic therapy. The structural design involves adding primary amino groups and biodegradable cross-linkers during the NP polymerization, while incorporating photodynamic and fluorescent imaging agents into the NP matrix, and conjugating PEG and tumor-targeting ligands onto the surface of the NPs. The as-synthesized NPs are spherical, with an average diameter of 44 nm. An accelerated biodegradation study, using sodium hydroxide or porcine liver esterase, indicated a hydrogel polymer matrix chain collapse within several days. By using gel permeation chromatography, small molecules were detected, after the degradation. In vitro targeting studies on human breast cancer cells indicate that the targeted NPs can be transported efficiently into tumor cells. Incubating the multifunctional nanocarriers into cancer cells enabled strong fluorescence imaging. Irradiation of the photosensitizing drug, incorporated within the NPs, with light of a suitable wavelength, causes significant but selective damage to the impregnated tumor cells, but only inside the illuminated areas. Overall, the potential of polymeric-based NPs as biodegradable, multifunctional nanocarriers, for cancer theranostics, is demonstrated here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Gwangseong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Yong-Eun Koo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Hoe Jin Hah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | | | | | - Raoul Kopelman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Corresponding author,
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Teper E, Makhov P, Golovine K, Canter DJ, Myers CB, Kutikov A, Sterious SN, Uzzo RG, Kolenko VM. The effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives on protoporphyrin IX accumulation and apoptotic cell death in castrate-resistant prostate cancer cells. Urology 2012; 80:1391.e1-7. [PMID: 22950992 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether pharmacologically relevant zinc-binding agents are capable of depleting X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein in tumor cells. Our prior work reveals that treatment with zinc-chelating agents induces selective downregulation of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein in cancer cells of various origins. A precursor of the heme synthetic pathway, 5-aminolevulinic acid, is metabolized to protoporphyrin IX, which is highly reactive with zinc. We assessed whether modified versions of 5-aminolevulinic acid with lipophilic side chains can enhance efficacy and selectivity with respect to protoporphyrin IX accumulation, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein depletion, and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated apoptosis in human castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. METHODS Seven modified versions of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5 esters and 2 amides) were synthesized. Levels of endogenous protoporphyrin IX were examined by flow cytometry. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein expression was examined by Western blotting. terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay was used to assess cell apoptosis. Results were compared qualitatively. RESULTS Accumulation of endogenous protoporphyrin IX by castration-resistant prostate cancer cells was shown to be directly related to the carbon chain length of the esterified 5-aminolevulinic acid derivatives. In fact, treatment with 5-aminolevulinic acid-HE was superior to that achieved by 5-aminolevulinic acid with respect to X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein downregulation. 5-aminolevulinic acid and 5-aminolevulinic acid-HE in combination with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand significantly enhanced apoptotic cell death in castration-resistant prostate cancer cell lines. CONCLUSION Esterified derivatives of 5-aminolevulinic acid alone or in combination with other agents may provide therapeutic opportunities in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer by harnessing apoptotic pathways that are triggered by cellular zinc imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ervin Teper
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
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Lv S, Xu Y, Chen X, Li Y, Li R, Wang Q, Li X, Su B. Prioritizing cancer therapeutic small molecules by integrating multiple OMICS datasets. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2012; 16:552-9. [PMID: 22917481 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2012.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug design is crucial for the effective discovery of anti-cancer drugs. The success or failure of drug design often depends on the leading compounds screened in pre-clinical studies. Many efforts, such as in vivo animal experiments and in vitro drug screening, have improved this process, but these methods are usually expensive and laborious. In the post-genomics era, it is possible to seek leading compounds for large-scale candidate small-molecule screening with multiple OMICS datasets. In the present study, we developed a computational method of prioritizing small molecules as leading compounds by integrating transcriptomics and toxicogenomics data. This method provides priority lists for the selection of leading compounds, thereby reducing the time required for drug design. We found 11 known therapeutic small molecules for breast cancer in the top 100 candidates in our list, 2 of which were in the top 10. Furthermore, another 3 of the top 10 small molecules were recorded as closely related to cancer treatment in the DrugBank database. A comparison of the results of our approach with permutation tests and shared gene methods demonstrated that our OMICS data-based method is quite competitive. In addition, we applied our method to a prostate cancer dataset. The results of this analysis indicated that our method surpasses both the shared gene method and random selection. These analyses suggest that our method may be a valuable tool for directing experimental studies in cancer drug design, and we believe this time- and cost-effective computational strategy will be helpful in future studies in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sali Lv
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology and Bio-pharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
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Marcu L, Hartl BA. Fluorescence Lifetime Spectroscopy and Imaging in Neurosurgery. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2012; 18:1465-1477. [PMID: 28053498 PMCID: PMC5205025 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2012.2185823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Clinical outcome of patients diagnosed with primary brain tumor has been correlated with the extent of surgical resection. In treating this disease, the neurosurgeon must balance between an aggressive, radical resection and minimizing the loss of healthy, functionally significant brain tissue. Numerous intra-operative methodologies and technological approaches have been explored as a means to improve the accuracy of surgical resection. This paper presents an overview of current conventional techniques and new emerging technologies with potential to impact the area of image-guided surgery of brain tumors. Emphasis is placed on techniques based on endogenous fluorescence lifetime contrast and their potential for intraoperative diagnosis of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marcu
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Brad A Hartl
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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Akimoto J, Haraoka J, Aizawa K. Preliminary clinical report on safety and efficacy of photodynamic therapy using talaporfin sodium for malignant gliomas. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2012; 9:91-9. [PMID: 22594978 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Revised: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the safety and efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using talaporfin sodium in patients with surgically, completely unresectable malignant gliomas with invasion into the eloquent areas of the brain associated with language and motor functions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects consisted of consecutive 14 adult patients with malignant gliomas that were shown on preoperative diagnostic imaging to have invaded the eloquent areas of the brain. Of these, 6 patients had newly diagnosed tumors and 8 patients had recurrent tumors. In 15 craniotomy and tumor resection procedures, PDT was used as additional intraoperative treatment 24 h after 40 mg/m(2) of talaporfin sodium had been injected intravenously. After the tumor bulk had been resected as extensively as possible either 1 or 2 sites of probable tumor invasion in the bottom of resection cavity were irradiated superficially with a 664-nm diode laser for 180 s (27 J/cm(2)) at a power density of 150 mW/cm(2). RESULTS PDT achieved a response rate of 80% at the treated sites in the 6 patients with newly diagnosed malignant gliomas. In these patients, the median progression-free survival time was 23 months. The median survival time in 3 patients who died was 26 months, and the remaining 3 patients survived for more than 3 years with a good Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS). In the 8 patients with recurrent tumors who received PDT, their response rate was low (25.0%), their gliomas recurred 3 months after PDT, and their survival time was only 9 months following PDT. No adverse events directly attributable to PDT occurred in any patients. Protection against light was only required for approximately 3 days after PDT. CONCLUSION We examined the safety and efficacy of PDT using talaporfin sodium as an additional intraoperative treatment for malignant glioma. PDT in addition to surgical resection achieved better therapeutic results than conventional protocols, especially in patients with newly diagnosed malignant gliomas. However, the current methodology has some limitations with respect to patients with recurrent tumors. Larger-scale studies are required to confirm the clinical feasibility of PDT plus surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Akimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical University, Japan.
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Senge MO, Brandt JC. Temoporfin (Foscan®, 5,10,15,20-tetra(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin)--a second-generation photosensitizer. Photochem Photobiol 2011; 87:1240-96. [PMID: 21848905 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.00986.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review traces the development and study of the second-generation photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetra(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin through to its acceptance and clinical use in modern photodynamic (cancer) therapy. The literature has been covered up to early 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias O Senge
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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Allison RR, Bagnato VS, Sibata CH. Future of oncologic photodynamic therapy. Future Oncol 2010; 6:929-40. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.10.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a tumor-ablative and function-sparing oncologic intervention. The relative simplicity of photosensitizer application followed by light activation resulting in the cytotoxic and vasculartoxic photodynamic reaction has allowed PDT to reach a worldwide audience. With several commercially available photosensitizing agents now on the market, numerous well designed clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of PDT on various cutaneous and deep tissue tumors. However, current photosensitizers and light sources still have a number of limitations. Future PDT will build on those findings to allow development and refinement of more optimal therapeutic agents and illumination devices. This article reviews the current state of the art and limitations of PDT, and highlight the progress being made towards the future of oncologic PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron R Allison
- 21st Century Oncology, 801 WH Smith Blvd, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | | | - Claudio H Sibata
- Brody School of Medicine, Radiation Oncology Department, 600 Moye Blvd, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
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Celli JP, Spring BQ, Rizvi I, Evans CL, Samkoe KS, Verma S, Pogue BW, Hasan T. Imaging and photodynamic therapy: mechanisms, monitoring, and optimization. Chem Rev 2010; 110:2795-838. [PMID: 20353192 PMCID: PMC2896821 DOI: 10.1021/cr900300p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1624] [Impact Index Per Article: 116.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Celli
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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Abstract
Photodynamic techniques such as photodynamic diagnosis (PDD), fluorescence-guided tumour resection (FGR) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are currently undergoing intensive clinical investigations as adjuvant treatment for malignant brain tumours. The following chapter provides an overview on the current clinical data and trials of PDT as well as photosensitizers, technical developments and indications for photodynamic application in neurosurgery. Besides many clinical phase I/II trials for PDT for malignant brain tumours, there are only few controlled clinical trials following tumour resection. Variations in treatment protocols, variation of photosensitizers and light dose make the evaluation scientifically difficult; however there is a clear trend towards prolonging median survival after one single photodynamic treatment as compared to standard therapeutic regimens. According to the meta analysis the median survival after PDT for primary glioblastoma multiforme (WHO grade IV) was 22 months and for recurrent GBM was 9 months as compared to standard conventional treatment, in which it is 15 and 3 months, respectively. Fluorescence-guided resection of the tumour demonstrated significant greater reduction of tumour burden. The combination of PDD/ FGR and intraoperative PDT ("to see and to treat") offers an exciting approach to the treatment of malignant brain tumours. PDT was generally well tolerated and side effects consisted of occasionally increased intracranial pressure and prolonged skin sensitivity against direct sunlight.
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Canpolat M, Akyüz M, Gökhan GA, Gürer EI, Tuncer R. Intra-operative brain tumor detection using elastic light single-scattering spectroscopy: a feasibility study. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2009; 14:054021. [PMID: 19895123 DOI: 10.1117/1.3247151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the potential application of elastic light single-scattering spectroscopy (ELSSS) as an adjunctive tool for intraoperative rapid detection of brain tumors and demarcation of the tumor from the surrounding normal tissue. Measurements were performed on 29 excised tumor specimens from 29 patients. There were 21 instances of low-grade tumors and eight instances of high-grade tumors. Normal gray matter and white matter brain tissue specimens of four epilepsy patients were used as a control group. One low-grade and one high-grade tumor were misclassified as normal brain tissue. Of the low- and high-grade tumors, 20 out of 21 and 7 out of 8 were correctly classified by the ELSSS system, respectively. One normal white matter tissue margin was detected in a high-grade tumor, and three normal tissue margins were detected in three low-grade tumors using spectroscopic data analysis and confirmed by histopathology. The spectral slopes were shown to be positive for normal white matter brain tissue and negative for normal gray matter and tumor tissues. Our results indicate that signs of spectral slopes may enable the discrimination of brain tumors from surrounding normal white matter brain tissue with a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Canpolat
- Akdeniz University, School of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Antalya, 07059, Turkey.
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O'Connor AE, Gallagher WM, Byrne AT. Porphyrin and nonporphyrin photosensitizers in oncology: preclinical and clinical advances in photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol 2009; 85:1053-74. [PMID: 19682322 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00585.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 815] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is now a well-recognized modality for the treatment of cancer. While PDT has developed progressively over the last century, great advances have been observed in the field in recent years. The concept of dual selectivity of PDT agents is now widely accepted due to the relative specificity and selectivity of PDT along with the absence of harmful side effects often encountered with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Traditionally, porphyrin-based photosensitizers have dominated the PDT field but these first generation photosensitizers have several disadvantages, with poor light absorption and cutaneous photosensitivity being the predominant side effects. As a result, the requirement for new photosensitizers, including second generation porphyrins and porphyrin derivatives as well as third generation photosensitizers has arisen, with the aim of alleviating the problems encountered with first generation porphyrins and improving the efficacy of PDT. The investigation of nonporphyrin photosensitizers for the development of novel PDT agents has been considerably less extensive than porphyrin-based compounds; however, structural modification of nonporphyrin photosensitizers has allowed for manipulation of the photochemotherapeutic properties. The aim of this review is to provide an insight into PDT photosensitizers clinically approved for application in oncology, as well as those which show significant potential in ongoing preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling E O'Connor
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Begum G, Dube A, Joshi PG, Gupta PK, Joshi NB. Chlorin p6 preferentially localizes in endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and inhibits Ca2+ release from intracellular store. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 95:177-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 02/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar-470 003, India
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40
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Bonneau S, Vever-Bizet C. Tetrapyrrole photosensitisers, determinants of subcellular localisation and mechanisms of photodynamic processes in therapeutic approaches. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2008. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.18.9.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mannino S, Molinari A, Sabatino G, Ciafrè SA, Colone M, Maira G, Anile C, Arancia G, Mangiola A. Intratumoral vs systemic administration of meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin for photodynamic therapy of malignant gliomas: assessment of uptake and spatial distribution in C6 rat glioma model. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2008; 21:227-31. [PMID: 18336750 DOI: 10.1177/039463200802100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas, with an incidence of 5 cases per 100,000 population per year, represent the most common primary brain tumour. They have an overall survival length of less than 2 years. Many different adjuvant therapies have been developed. Among them, Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), that is based on photochemical reactions between light and tumoral tissue selectively labelled with exogenous photosensitizing agents. Among photosensitizers, m-THPC (Temoporfin), seems to be the most promising one for the treatment of brain tumors, but, unfortunately, it causes problems of high skin photosensitivity. To by-pass this problem, we devised an intratumoral route of administration of this photosensitizer. The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the uptake of m-THPC in brain tumor and normal tissue after systemic and intratumoral administration of the drug. 30 female Wistar rats received m-THPC 12 days after C6 tumor implantation. Temoporfin was administered intratumorally in 24 rats at two different concentrations. 6 rats constituted the control group and received m-THPC by means of an intraperitoneal injection. The brains were extracted at 4 h, 24 h and 96 h after Temoporfin injection. The samples were examined with a confocal laser scanning microscope. All samples showed high fluorescence emission exclusively in the tumour area, without appreciable differences between the samples taken at the different times of sacrifice and the two routes of administration. No fluorescence whatsoever was detected among normal brain tissue surrounding the tumour. The intratumoral route appears to give comparable results to the systemic one, regarding intracellular uptake efficiency and tumour--normal tissue ratio, with the advantage of a much shorter time needed to reach optimal intratumoural concentration--that is just four hours from m-THPC injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mannino
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
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Molinari A, Bombelli C, Mannino S, Stringaro A, Toccacieli L, Calcabrini A, Colone M, Mangiola A, Maira G, Luciani P, Mancini G, Arancia G. m-THPC-mediated photodynamic therapy of malignant gliomas: assessment of a new transfection strategy. Int J Cancer 2007; 121:1149-55. [PMID: 17471562 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.22793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas represent the most common primary brain tumor: more than 50% of them are glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Photodynamic therapy may offer a very good chance of targeted destruction of infiltrating GBM cells, thus increasing the survival time and recurrence-free interval of GBM patients. Among photosensitizing agents, meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (m-THPC) is promising for the treatment of brain tumors. In previous studies, we investigated the transfection activity of dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) liposomes, containing a cationic gemini surfactant, loaded with m-THPC on human colon adenocarcinoma and glioblastoma cell lines. In this paper, the uptake and the intracellular distribution of m-THPC, loaded in several formulations of cationic liposomes, were analyzed, by making a comparison with those obtained using the same chlorin in the pharmaceutical form (Foscan(R)). Moreover, by cloning efficiency assay the potential therapeutic efficiency of chlorin delivered by liposome formulations was compared with that of the pharmaceutical compound, before and after irradiation with laser light at 652 nm. The obtained results indicated that cationic liposomes (i) transferred m-THPC in glioblastoma cells more efficiently than pharmaceutical formulation; (ii) significantly (p < 0.001) increased the m-THPC cytotoxic effect after laser irradiation; (iii) seemed to exert their cytotoxic action in the early phase of interaction with the cells, during adhesion to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Molinari
- Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Davies N, Wilson BC. Interstitial in vivo ALA-PpIX mediated metronomic photodynamic therapy (mPDT) using the CNS-1 astrocytoma with bioluminescence monitoring. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2007; 4:202-12. [PMID: 25047439 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2007] [Revised: 06/05/2007] [Accepted: 06/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report the first truly metronomic delivery of photodynamic therapy using the rat-derived CNS-1 astrocytoma, a model with close histopathology with human brain tumours. METHODS Metronomic PDT (mPDT) was delivered to CNS-1 bearing female Lewis rats. 5-Aminoluvelinic acid was delivered continuously through drinking water, while light was delivered via tetherless, light-weight, LED-based fiber coupled optical sources. Tumour burden before and after mPDT treatment was determined using bioluminescence imaging (BLI). RESULTS Preliminary studies demonstrated that 24h of continuous mPDT illumination was capable of destroying small tumours (7 days post-implant). The reduction or elimination of tumour was confirmed using BLI and corroborated by histology. Additional studies showed that 24 and 48h continuous mPDT illumination had the capability to delay tumour re-growth by a period corresponding to approximately two doubling times. Animals given 4-day mPDT did not show any signs of tumour re-growth via BLI at 26 days post-tumour implantation. CONCLUSIONS In summary, these results demonstrate the feasibility of delivering mPDT for extended periods, as well as its potential as a treatment for small brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Davies
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Canada M5G 2M9
| | - Brian C Wilson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Canada M5G 2M9; Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Canada M5G 2M9
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Huygens A, Huyghe D, Bormans G, Verbruggen A, Kamuhabwa AR, Roskams T, De Witte PAM. Accumulation and Photocytotoxicity of Hypericin and Analogs in Two- and Three-Dimensional Cultures of Transitional Cell Carcinoma Cells¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2003)0780607aapoha2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zimmermann A, Ritsch-Marte M, Kostron H. In Vitro Investigation on the pH Dependence of the Absorption and Fluorescence Properties of the Photosensitizer mTHPC¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0750335iviotp2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Croce AC, Fiorani S, Locatelli D, Nano R, Ceroni M, Tancioni F, Giombelli E, Benericetti E, Bottiroli G. Diagnostic Potential of Autofluorescence for an Assisted Intraoperative Delineation of Glioblastoma Resection Margins¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2003)0770309dpoafa2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Deppe H, Horch HH. Laser applications in oral surgery and implant dentistry. Lasers Med Sci 2007; 22:217-21. [PMID: 17268764 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-007-0440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 12/17/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Lasers have been used for many years in oral surgery and implant dentistry. In some indications, laser treatment has become state of the art as compared to conventional techniques. This article is a comprehensive review of new laser applications in oral surgery and implant dentistry. One of the most interesting developments over the last years was the introduction of the 9.6-microm CO(2) laser. It has been shown in the recent literature that the use of this new device can preserve tissue with almost no adverse effects at the light microscopic level. In contrast, modifications of approved CO(2) laser therapies of premalignant lesions resulted in higher recurrence rates than the conventional defocused laser technique. However, several studies indicate that other wavelengths such as Nd-YAG (lambda = 1,064 nm) or diode lasers (lambda = 810 nm) may be also of value in this field. In many other indications, the use of lasers is still experimental. Intraoperatively used photodynamic therapy or peri-implant care of ailing implants with the CO(2) laser seems to be more of value than conventional methods. However, further studies are required to assess standard protocols. Over the past years, research identified some new indications for laser treatment in oral surgery and implant dentistry. Moreover, well-known laser applications were defined as state of the art. Nevertheless, further studies are required for laser treatment in oral surgery and implant dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Deppe
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, München, Germany.
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Muller PJ, Wilson BC. Photodynamic therapy of brain tumors--a work in progress. Lasers Surg Med 2007; 38:384-9. [PMID: 16788926 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.20338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES PDT has been used in the treatment of malignant brain tumors. This communication updates our series of unselected malignant gliomas treated with Photofrin-PDT. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We examined the records of 112 patients with malignant gliomas, metastatic brain tumors and meningiomas treated with Photofrin-PDT at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto. These patients were treated prior to the onset of ongoing randomized trials in Photofrin PDT or had pathology that excluded them from such trials. RESULTS The overall post-PDT survival of 96 patients with supratentorial gliomas was 42 weeks, with a 40 and 22% 1- and 2-year survival, respectively. The greater the degree of oligodendroglial involvement the longer was the survival. Seventy-five percent of patients had no significant post-operative complications. CONCLUSIONS Photofrin-PDT was safe. However, higher light doses than were used in these patients may be required for improved responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Muller
- Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Molinari A, Colone M, Calcabrini A, Stringaro A, Toccacieli L, Arancia G, Mannino S, Mangiola A, Maira G, Bombelli C, Mancini G. Cationic liposomes, loaded with m-THPC, in photodynamic therapy for malignant glioma. Toxicol In Vitro 2006; 21:230-4. [PMID: 17064875 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2006.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2006] [Revised: 07/14/2006] [Accepted: 09/08/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the feasibility of mixed liposomes formed by dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and cationic gemini surfactant (Gemini 1) loaded with the chlorin m-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (m-THPC), in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for glioma. To this aim, an in vitro study was carried out by employing various human glioblastoma cell lines (A172, DBTRG, LN229, U118). The following liposomal formulations were tested: (i) DMPC and Gemini 1; (ii) m-THPC in DMPC in the absence or (iii) in the presence of Gemini 1 in the molar ratio 8:2; 7:3, and 6:4. The presence of Gemini 1 significantly increased the intracellular uptake of chlorin in all cell tested although with a different extent: LN229>U118>A172>DBTRG. The cytotoxicity of chlorin-loaded liposomes was then tested by cloning efficiency performed on different cultures, before and after irradiation with laser light at 652nm, at a Fluence Rate of 200mW/s for 100s, with a total Fluence of 20J/cm(-2). In the absence of irradiation, the different liposomal formulations induced a cytotoxicity in less than 30% of glioblastoma cells. On the contrary, irradiation induced total destruction of all cultures treated with m-THPC/DMPC+Gemini 1 in the ratios 8:2, or 7:3, or 6:4.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Molinari
- Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Photodynamic therapy for malignant and non-malignant diseases: clinical investigation and application. Chin Med J (Engl) 2006. [DOI: 10.1097/00029330-200605020-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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