Ji ZY, Fan TL, Zhao LQ, Yang XJ, Qiu YB, Zhang JZ, Zhang YB, Sun Y, Qiu SL, Yang GR. Effects of subcellular localization pattern of PpIX on photodynamic efficiency in esophageal cancer cells.
Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2009;
17:1602-1608. [DOI:
10.11569/wcjd.v17.i16.1602]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the effects of subcellular localization pattern of PpIX on photodynamic efficiency in esophageal cancer cell lines.
METHODS: KYSE-450, KYSE-70 and Het-1A cells were treated with ALA, exogenous PpIX and MitoTracker, respectively. The subcellular localization patterns of PpIX were observed using fluorescence microscopy. Mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) after ALA-PDT and PpIX-PDT was measured using JC-1 flow cytometry. The morphological study of mitochondria after ALA-PDT and PpIX-PDT was performed with electron microscopy. MTS was used to examine the cell survival rate.
RESULTS: The granular patterns and distribution of fluorescence in the extranuclear fraction of the cells were similar for both ALA-derived endogenous PpIX and the MitoTracker in all cell lines; however, exogenous PpIX was diffusely distributed in the whole cytoplasm of cells. After 12 h of ALA-based PDT, the percentages were increased to 22%, 52% and 33% in the KYSE-450, KYSE-70 and Het-1A cell lines, respectively; where only 15%, 14% and 18% of the depolarized cell fractions were seen following PDT with exogenous PpIX. As early as 1 h after photodynamic treatment, some of the mitochondria were already damaged by ALA-PDT with unclear cristae, vacuoles and swelling; while the mitochondrial ultrastructure was still well preserved 1 h later following PDT with exogenous PpIX. ALA-mediated PDT was significantly more efficient than PDT with exogenous PpIX in killing cells in all the 3 cell lines.
CONCLUSION: Different subcellular location of photosensitizer may affect the PDT efficacy. Mitochondria are more sensitive and may be important targets for PDT. This finding suggests that new photosensitizers with mitochondrially-localizing property may be designed for improvement of PDT effectiveness in the future.
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