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Rizzo M, Bayo J, Piccioni F, Malvicini M, Fiore E, Peixoto E, García MG, Aquino JB, Gonzalez Campaña A, Podestá G, Terres M, Andriani O, Alaniz L, Mazzolini G. Low molecular weight hyaluronan-pulsed human dendritic cells showed increased migration capacity and induced resistance to tumor chemoattraction. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107944. [PMID: 25238610 PMCID: PMC4169605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have shown that ex vivo pre-conditioning of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) with low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMW HA) induces antitumor immunity against colorectal carcinoma (CRC) in mice. In the present study we investigated the effects of LMW HA priming on human-tumor-pulsed monocytes-derived dendritic cells (DC/TL) obtained from healthy donors and patients with CRC. LMW HA treatment resulted in an improved maturation state of DC/TL and an enhanced mixed leucocyte reaction activity in vivo. Importantly, pre-conditioning of DC/TL with LMW HA increased their ability to migrate and reduced their attraction to human tumor derived supernatants. These effects were associated with increased CCR7 expression levels in DC. Indeed, a significant increase in migratory response toward CCL21 was observed in LMW HA primed tumor-pulsed monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC/TL/LMW HA) when compared to LWM HA untreated cells (DC/TL). Moreover, LMW HA priming modulated other mechanisms implicated in DC migration toward lymph nodes such as the metalloproteinase activity. Furthermore, it also resulted in a significant reduction in DC migratory capacity toward tumor supernatant and IL8 in vitro. Consistently, LMW HA dramatically enhanced in vivo DC recruitment to tumor-regional lymph nodes and reduced DC migration toward tumor tissue. This study shows that LMW HA--a poorly immunogenic molecule--represents a promising candidate to improve human DC maturation protocols in the context of DC-based vaccines development, due to its ability to enhance their immunogenic properties as well as their migratory capacity toward lymph nodes instead of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manglio Rizzo
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Bayo
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Flavia Piccioni
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Malvicini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esteban Fiore
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Estanislao Peixoto
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana G. García
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge B. Aquino
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariel Gonzalez Campaña
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Austral, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Podestá
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Austral, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Terres
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Austral, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Andriani
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Austral, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Alaniz
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CIT NOBA, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Pcia de Bs. As (UNNOBA), Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail: (GM); (LA)
| | - Guillermo Mazzolini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail: (GM); (LA)
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Intravital microscopic research of microembolization with degradable starch microspheres. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2013; 2013:242060. [PMID: 24324891 PMCID: PMC3845399 DOI: 10.1155/2013/242060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Treatment efficacy in cancer patients using systemically applied cytostatic drugs is decreased by cytotoxic side effects, which limits the use of efficient dosages. Degradable starch microspheres (DSM) are used to apply drugs into blood vessels which supply the target organ leading to drug accumulation in the target organ by reduction of the blood flow. The present investigations show that DSM is a very effective embolization material leading to effective and enhanced accumulation of 5-FU within the liver tumor tissue of experimental induced liver cancer in rats. By using intravital microscopy, a rapid deceleration of the blood flow into the target organ is observed immediately after application of DSM. The microspheres are stepwise degraded in the direction of the systemic blood flow and are totally dissolved after 25 minutes. These stepwise processes leave the degraded material during the degradation process within the vessels leading to temporally reciprocal blood flow via some of the side-arms of the major blood vessels. By using DMS in transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), severe adverse side effects like postembolization syndrome are rarely observed when compared to other embolization materials. The complete degradation of DSM causes only a short-lasting temporary vascular occlusion, which allows a repeat application of DSM in TACE.
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Hunyadi J, András C, Szabó I, Szántó J, Szluha K, Sipka S, Kovács P, Kiss A, Szegedi G, Altorjay I, Sápy P, Antal-Szalmás P, Tóth L, Fazekas G, Rajnavölgyi É. Autologous dendritic cell based adoptive immunotherapy of patients with colorectal cancer-A phase I-II study. Pathol Oncol Res 2013; 20:357-65. [PMID: 24163303 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-013-9704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell-based active immunotherapies of cancer patients are aimed to provoke the proliferation and differentiation of tumor-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes towards protective effector cells. Isolation and in vitro differentiation of circulating blood monocytes has been established a reasonable platform for adoptively transferred DC-based immunotherapies. In the present study the safety and tolerability of vaccination by autologous tumor cell lysates (oncolysate)- or carcinoembriogenic antigen (CEA)-loaded DCs in patients with colorectal cancer was investigated in a phase I-II trial. The study included 12 patients with histologically confirmed colorectal cancer (Dukes B2-C stages). Six of the patients received oncolysate-pulsed, whereas the other six received recombinant CEA-loaded autologous DCs. The potential of the tumor antigen-loaded DCs to provoke the patient's immune system was studied both in vivo and in vitro. The clinical outcome of the therapy evaluated after 7 years revealed that none of the six patients treated with oncolysate-loaded DCs showed relapse of colorectal cancer, whereas three out of the six patients treated with CEA-loaded DCs died because of tumor relapse. Immunization with both the oncolysate- and the CEA-loaded autologous DCs induced measurable immune responses, which could be detected in vivo by cutaneous reactions and in vitro by lymphocyte proliferation assay. Our results show that vaccination by autologous DCs loaded with autologous oncolysates containing various tumor antigens represents a well tolerated therapeutic modality in patients with colorectal cancer without any detectable adverse effects. Demonstration of the efficacy of such therapy needs further studies with increased number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Hunyadi
- Clinical Centre for Cell Therapy, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
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Kodama A, Tanaka R, Saito M, Ansari AA, Tanaka Y. A novel and simple method for generation of human dendritic cells from unfractionated peripheral blood mononuclear cells within 2 days: its application for induction of HIV-1-reactive CD4(+) T cells in the hu-PBL SCID mice. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:292. [PMID: 24098298 PMCID: PMC3784773 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Because dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the regulation of adaptive immune responses, they have been ideal candidates for cell-based immunotherapy of cancers and infections in humans. Generally, monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) were generated from purified monocytes by multiple steps of time-consuming physical manipulations for an extended period cultivation. In this study, we developed a novel, simple and rapid method for the generation of type-1 helper T cell (Th1)-stimulating human DCs directly from bulk peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs were cultivated in the presence of 20 ng/ml of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, 20 ng/ml of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and 1,000 U/ml of interferon-β for 24 h followed by 24 h maturation with a cytokine cocktail containing 10 ng/ml of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), 10 ng/ml of IL-1β and 1 μg/ml of prostaglandin E2. The phenotype and biological activity of these new DCs for induction of allogeneic T cell proliferation and cytokine production were comparable to those of the MDDCs. Importantly, these new DCs pulsed with inactivated HIV-1 could generated HIV-1-reactive CD4+ T cell responses in humanized mice reconstituted with autologous PBMCs from HIV-1-negative donors. This simple and quick method for generation of functional DCs will be useful for future studies on DC-mediated immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kodama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus Okinawa, Japan
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Li P, Chen S, Jiang Y, Jiang J, Zhang Z, Sun X. Dendritic cell targeted liposomes-protamine-DNA complexes mediated by synthetic mannosylated cholesterol as a potential carrier for DNA vaccine. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:295101. [PMID: 23799649 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/29/295101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To construct mannosylated liposomes/protamine/DNA (LPD) carriers for DNA vaccine targeting to dendritic cells (DCs), a mannosylated cholesterol derivative (Man-C6-Chol) was synthesized via simple ester linkage and amide bonds. Then, the Man-C6-Chol was applied to LPD formulation as a synthetic ligand. The physicochemical properties of mannosylated LPD (Man-LPD) were first evaluated, including the size and zeta potential, morphology and the ability to protect DNA against DNase I degradation. Man-LPD showed a small size with a stable viral-like structure. In comparison to non-mannose liposomes/LPD (Man-free liposomes/LPD), mannosylated liposomes/LPD (Man-liposomes/Man-LPD) exhibited higher efficiency in both intracellular uptake (2.3-fold) and transfection (4.5-fold) in vitro. Subsequent MTT assays indicated that the LPD carriers had low toxicity on the tested cells. Afterwards, the investigation into the maturation activation on primary bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) showed that both Man-LPD and Man-free LPD induced remarkable up-regulation of CD80, CD86 and CD40 on BMDCs. Inspired by these studies, we can conclude that the synthetic mannosylated LPD targeting to DCs was a potential carrier for DNA vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
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Raïch-Regué D, Naranjo-Gómez M, Grau-López L, Ramo C, Pujol-Borrell R, Martínez-Cáceres E, Borràs FE. Differential effects of monophosphoryl lipid A and cytokine cocktail as maturation stimuli of immunogenic and tolerogenic dendritic cells for immunotherapy. Vaccine 2011; 30:378-87. [PMID: 22085546 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy using monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) is increasingly being considered as alternative therapeutic approach in cancer, infectious diseases and also in autoimmunity when patients are not responsive to conventional treatments. In general, generation of MDDC from monocytes is induced in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4, and a maturation stimulus is added to the culture to obtain mature DCs suitable for therapy. For DC maturation, different combinations of pro-inflammatory mediators and Toll-like receptor ligands have been tested, obtaining DCs that differ in their properties and the type of immune response they promote. Therefore, it is necessary to find an optimal cytokine environment for DC maturation to obtain a cellular product suitable for DC-based immunotherapeutic protocols. In this study, we have evaluated in vitro the effects of different maturation stimuli on the viability, phenotype, cytokine profile, stability and functionality of immunogenic and tolerogenic (1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)-treated) MDDC. Maturation was induced using the clinical grade TLR4-agonist: monophosphoryl lipid A (LA), compared to the traditional cytokine cocktail (CC; clinical grade TNF-α, IL-1β, PGE2) and a combination of both. Our results showed the combination of CC+LA rendered a potent immunogenic DC population that induced the production of IFN-γ and IL-17 in allogeneic co-cultures, suggesting a Th17 polarization. Moreover, these immunogenic DCs showed a high surface expression of CD83, CD86, HLA-DR and secretion of IL-12p70. When aiming to induce tolerance, using LA to generate mature TolDC did not represent a clear advantage, and the stability and the suppressive capability exhibited by CC-matured TolDC may represent the best option. Altogether, these findings demonstrate the relevance of an appropriate maturation stimulus to rationally modulate the therapeutic potential of DCs in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dàlia Raïch-Regué
- Laboratory of Immunobiology for Research and Diagnosis (LIRAD), Blood and Tissue Bank (BST), Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institut Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
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Alaniz L, Rizzo M, Garcia MG, Piccioni F, Aquino JB, Malvicini M, Atorrasagasti C, Bayo J, Echeverria I, Sarobe P, Mazzolini G. Low molecular weight hyaluronan preconditioning of tumor-pulsed dendritic cells increases their migratory ability and induces immunity against murine colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:1383-95. [PMID: 21638126 PMCID: PMC11028773 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We have recently shown that systemic administration of low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMW HA) significantly reduces colorectal carcinoma (CRC) growth in vivo. The elicited response is partially mediated by activated dendritic cells (DC). To potentiate the ability of DC loaded with whole tumor lysate (DC/TL) to induce immunity against CRC in mice, we aimed to study the effects of preconditioning DC with LMW HA for therapeutic vaccination. LMW HA improved maturation of ex vivo generated DC, increased IL-12, decreased IL-10 production, and enhanced a MLR activity in vitro. Although TNF-α showed a similar capacity to mature DC, preconditioning of DC/TL with LMW HA increased their ability to migrate in vitro toward CCL19 and CCL-21 in a CD44- and a TLR4-independent manner; this effect was superior to Poly(I:C), LPS, or TNF-α and partially associated with an increase in the expression of CCR7. Importantly, LMW HA dramatically enhanced the in vivo DC recruitment to tumor-regional lymph nodes. When these LMW HA-treated CRC tumor lysate-pulsed DC (DC/TL/LMW HA) were administered to tumor-bearing mice, a potent antitumor response was observed when compared to DC pulsed with tumor lysate alone and matured with TNF-α. Then, we showed that splenocytes isolated from animals treated with DC/TL/LMW HA presented a higher proliferative capacity, increased IFN-γ production, and secreted lower levels of the immunosuppressive IL-10. Besides, increased specific CTL response was observed in DC/TL/LMW HA-treated animals and induced long-term protection against tumor recurrence. Our data show that LMW HA is superior to other agents at inducing DC migration; therefore, LMW HA could be considered a new adjuvant candidate in the preparation of DC-based anticancer vaccines with potent immunostimulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Alaniz
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, School of Medicine, Austral University, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500 (B1629ODT) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manglio Rizzo
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, School of Medicine, Austral University, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500 (B1629ODT) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana G. Garcia
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, School of Medicine, Austral University, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500 (B1629ODT) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Flavia Piccioni
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, School of Medicine, Austral University, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500 (B1629ODT) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge B. Aquino
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, School of Medicine, Austral University, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500 (B1629ODT) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Malvicini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, School of Medicine, Austral University, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500 (B1629ODT) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catalina Atorrasagasti
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, School of Medicine, Austral University, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500 (B1629ODT) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Bayo
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, School of Medicine, Austral University, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500 (B1629ODT) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Itziar Echeverria
- CIMA, University of Navarra, Avenida Pio XII 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pablo Sarobe
- CIMA, University of Navarra, Avenida Pio XII 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Mazzolini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, School of Medicine, Austral University, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500 (B1629ODT) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Bauer C, Dauer M, Saraj S, Schnurr M, Bauernfeind F, Sterzik A, Junkmann J, Jakl V, Kiefl R, Oduncu F, Emmerich B, Mayr D, Mussack T, Bruns C, Rüttinger D, Conrad C, Jauch KW, Endres S, Eigler A. Dendritic cell-based vaccination of patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma: results of a pilot study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:1097-107. [PMID: 21547597 PMCID: PMC11029181 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination can induce antitumor T cell responses in vivo. This clinical pilot study examined feasibility and outcome of DC-based tumor vaccination for patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS Tumor lysate of patients with pancreatic carcinoma was generated by repeated freeze-thaw cycles of surgically obtained tissue specimens. Patients were eligible for DC vaccination after recurrence of pancreatic carcinoma or in a primarily palliative situation. DC were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), loaded with autologous tumor lysate, stimulated with TNF-α and PGE(2) and injected intradermally. All patients received concomitant chemotherapy with gemcitabine. Disease response was the primary endpoint. Individual immunological responses to DC vaccination were analyzed by T cell-based immunoassays using pre- and post-vaccination samples of non-adherent PBMC. RESULTS Twelve patients received DC vaccination and concomitant chemotherapy. One patient developed a partial remission, and two patients remained in stable disease. Median survival was 10.5 months. No severe side effects were observed. Tumor-reactive T cells could be detected prior to vaccination. DC vaccination increased the frequency of tumor-reactive cells in all patients tested; however, the degree of this increase varied. To quantify the presence of tumor-reactive T cells, stimulatory indices (SI) were calculated as the ratio of proliferation-inducing capacity of lysate-loaded versus -unloaded DC. The patient with longest overall survival of 56 months had a high SI of 6.49, indicating that the presence of a pre-vaccination antitumor T cell response might be associated with prolonged survival. Five patients survived 1 year or more. CONCLUSION DC-based vaccination can stimulate an antitumoral T cell response in patients with advanced or recurrent pancreatic carcinoma receiving concomitant gemcitabine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bauer
- Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Marc Dauer
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Hospital, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Samira Saraj
- Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | | | - Franz Bauernfeind
- Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Alexander Sterzik
- Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Jana Junkmann
- Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Veronika Jakl
- Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Rosemarie Kiefl
- Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Fuat Oduncu
- Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Bertold Emmerich
- Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Doris Mayr
- Pathologisches Institut, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Thomas Mussack
- Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Christiane Bruns
- Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik Großhadern, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Dominik Rüttinger
- Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik Großhadern, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Claudius Conrad
- Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik Großhadern, University of Munich, München, Germany
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Karl-Walter Jauch
- Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik Großhadern, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Stefan Endres
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Andreas Eigler
- Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University of Munich, München, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Klinikum Dritter Orden, Teaching Hospital, University of Munich, Menzinger Strasse 44, 80638 München, Germany
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Wang X, Zhou K, Huang L, Yan Y. Induction of anti-tumor immunity by dendritic cells pulsed with an endoplasmic reticulum retrieval signal modifies heparanase epitope in mice. Cytotherapy 2010; 12:735-42. [DOI: 10.3109/14653241003615156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Dendritic Cells Generated in Clinical Grade Bags Strongly Differ in Immune Functionality When Compared With Classical DCs Generated in Plates. J Immunother 2010; 33:352-63. [DOI: 10.1097/cji.0b013e3181cc266b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Van Camp K, Cools N, Stein B, Van de Velde A, Goossens H, Berneman Z, Van Tendeloo V. Efficient mRNA electroporation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to detect memory T cell responses for immunomonitoring purposes. J Immunol Methods 2010; 354:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Revised: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Grégoire M. What's the place of immunotherapy in malignant mesothelioma treatments? Cell Adh Migr 2010; 4:153-61. [PMID: 20179421 DOI: 10.4161/cam.4.1.11361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignancy of the pleura with a very poor prognosis. Treatments evaluated for malignant mesothelioma, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are of limited efficacy. However, the fact that the tumors of some patients with MPM regress spontaneously or respond to immunotherapy suggests that the immune system may respond to MPM under some circumstances. In this respect, animal studies have demonstrated immunoreactivity of MPM to different immunotherapies. In the case of MPM, several clinical studies have demonstrated a correlation between the presence of a lymphocyte infiltrate and a better prognosis and humoral response directed against specific antigens related to tumor. Thus, MPM immunotherapy is undoubtedly a highly promising but also very challenging approach to the treatment of this disease that has slipped through the defense lines of the immune system. This article reviews past and recent developments of the clinical strategies that concern immunotherapy of mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Grégoire
- INSERM, U892, Research Center in Oncology Nantes-Angers, France.
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Saitoh A, Narita M, Watanabe N, Tochiki N, Yamahira A, Nakamura T, Kaji M, Masuko M, Furukawa T, Toba K, Fuse I, Aizawa Y, Takahashi M. WT1 peptide vaccination in a CML patient: induction of effective cytotoxic T lymphocytes and significance of peptide administration interval. Med Oncol 2010; 28:219-30. [PMID: 20107936 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-010-9425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although antigen-specific immune responses including cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) against antigen peptide could be enhanced after tumor antigen peptide vaccinations, the immune responses do not necessarily result in a decrease or eradication of tumor cells in the vaccination trials. We focused on whether antigen-specific CTLs could be damaged by the repeated stimulation of antigenic peptide and whether regulatory T (Treg) cells would be increased by the administration of WT1 peptide. We administered WT1 peptide 22 times over 18 months in a CML patient who was being treated with imatinib. Although WT1 peptide administration every 2 weeks did not show any beneficial effects on the minimal residual disease (copies of bcr-abl transcripts), the transcripts remarkably decreased to the level of major molecular response after changing the administration interval of WT1 peptide from 2 to 4 weeks. An ex vivo study demonstrated that re-stimulation with WT1 peptide made WT1-specific T cells less reactive to WT1 tetramers and the impaired reactivity of CTLs lasted at least for 1 week. In addition, the cytotoxicity of the T cells was hampered by re-stimulation. Treg cells increased up to more than fivefold at the end of the WT1 administration period. The present findings suggested that the administration of the peptide every 4 weeks is superior to every 2 weeks. In addition, the findings that Treg cells increased gradually in accordance with the duration of WT1 peptide administration revealed the significance of manipulating Treg cells for establishing an efficient tumor antigen peptide vaccination.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Benzamides
- Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/immunology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Neoplasm, Residual/genetics
- Neoplasm, Residual/immunology
- Neoplasm, Residual/therapy
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Peptide Fragments/therapeutic use
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Prognosis
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- Vaccination
- WT1 Proteins/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Anri Saitoh
- Division of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
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14
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Anguille S, Smits ELJM, Cools N, Goossens H, Berneman ZN, Van Tendeloo VFI. Short-term cultured, interleukin-15 differentiated dendritic cells have potent immunostimulatory properties. J Transl Med 2009; 7:109. [PMID: 20021667 PMCID: PMC2807857 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-7-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Optimization of the current dendritic cell (DC) culture protocol in order to promote the therapeutic efficacy of DC-based immunotherapy is warranted. Alternative differentiation of monocyte-derived DCs using granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-15 has been propagated as an attractive strategy in that regard. The applicability of these so-called IL-15 DCs has not yet been firmly established. We therefore developed a novel pre-clinical approach for the generation of IL-15 DCs with potent immunostimulatory properties. Methods Human CD14+ monocytes were differentiated with GM-CSF and IL-15 into immature DCs. Monocyte-derived DCs, conventionally differentiated in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4, served as control. Subsequent maturation of IL-15 DCs was induced using two clinical grade maturation protocols: (i) a classic combination of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, IL-6, prostaglandin E2) and (ii) a Toll-like receptor (TLR)7/8 agonist-based cocktail (R-848, interferon-γ, TNF-α and prostaglandin E2). In addition, both short-term (2-3 days) and long-term (6-7 days) DC culture protocols were compared. The different DC populations were characterized with respect to their phenotypic profile, migratory properties, cytokine production and T cell stimulation capacity. Results The use of a TLR7/8 agonist-based cocktail resulted in a more optimal maturation of IL-15 DCs, as reflected by the higher phenotypic expression of CD83 and costimulatory molecules (CD70, CD80, CD86). The functional superiority of TLR7/8-activated IL-15 DCs over conventionally matured IL-15 DCs was evidenced by their (i) higher migratory potential, (ii) advantageous cytokine secretion profile (interferon-γ, IL-12p70) and (iii) superior capacity to stimulate autologous, antigen-specific T cell responses after passive peptide pulsing. Aside from a less pronounced production of bioactive IL-12p70, short-term versus long-term culture of TLR7/8-activated IL-15 DCs resulted in a migratory profile and T cell stimulation capacity that was in favour of short-term DC culture. In addition, we demonstrate that mRNA electroporation serves as an efficient antigen loading strategy of IL-15 DCs. Conclusions Here we show that short-term cultured and TLR7/8-activated IL-15 DCs fulfill all pre-clinical prerequisites of immunostimulatory DCs. The results of the present study might pave the way for the implementation of IL-15 DCs in immunotherapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Anguille
- University of Antwerp - Faculty of Medicine, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium.
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15
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Macke L, Garritsen HSP, Meyring W, Hannig H, Pägelow U, Wörmann B, Piechaczek C, Geffers R, Rohde M, Lindenmaier W, Dittmar KEJ. Evaluating maturation and genetic modification of human dendritic cells in a new polyolefin cell culture bag system. Transfusion 2009; 50:843-55. [PMID: 20003054 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02520.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cells (DCs) are applied worldwide in several clinical studies of immune therapy of malignancies, autoimmune diseases, and transplantations. Most legislative bodies are demanding high standards for cultivation and transduction of cells. Closed-cell cultivating systems like cell culture bags would simplify and greatly improve the ability to reach these cultivation standards. We investigated if a new polyolefin cell culture bag enables maturation and adenoviral modification of human DCs in a closed system and compare the results with standard polystyrene flasks. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Mononuclear cells were isolated from HLA-A*0201-positive blood donors by leukapheresis. A commercially available separation system (CliniMACS, Miltenyi Biotec) was used to isolate monocytes by positive selection using CD14-specific immunomagnetic beads. The essentially homogenous starting cell population was cultivated in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 in a closed-bag system in parallel to the standard flask cultivation system. Genetic modification was performed on Day 4. After induction of maturation on Day 5, mature DCs could be harvested and cryopreserved on Day 7. During the cultivation period comparative quality control was performed using flow cytometry, gene expression profiling, and functional assays. RESULTS Both flasks and bags generated mature genetically modified DCs in similar yields. Surface membrane markers, expression profiles, and functional testing results were comparable. The use of a closed-bag system facilitated clinical applicability of genetically modified DCs. CONCLUSIONS The polyolefin bag-based culture system yields DCs qualitatively and quantitatively comparable to the standard flask preparation. All steps including cryopreservation can be performed in a closed system facilitating standardized, safe, and reproducible preparation of therapeutic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Macke
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
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Smits EL, Anguille S, Cools N, Berneman ZN, Van Tendeloo VF. Dendritic Cell-Based Cancer Gene Therapy. Hum Gene Ther 2009; 20:1106-18. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2009.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Evelien L.J.M. Smits
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Sébastien Anguille
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine (CCTRM), Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Nathalie Cools
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Zwi N. Berneman
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine (CCTRM), Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Viggo F.I. Van Tendeloo
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine (CCTRM), Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium
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