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Tenzing D, Suolang P, Gesang D, Suolang D, Duan G, Ciren W, Wang Y, Ni T. Effect of furosemide in the treatment of high-altitude pulmonary edema. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:109. [PMID: 38438895 PMCID: PMC10913242 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) refers to the onset of breathlessness, cough, and fever at rest after arriving at high altitudes. It is a life-threatening illness caused by rapid ascent to high altitudes. Furosemide is controversial in HAPE treatment but is routinely used in China. Further research is needed to assess its efficacy and impact on HAPE management and prognosis. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of furosemide for HAPE. METHODS A retrospective was conducted to analysis of patients with HAPE admitted to the People's Hospital of Shigatse City from January 2018 to September 2023. Patients were divided into furosemide group and non-furosemide group for further analysis. Clinical variables including demographic information, comorbidities, vital signs, inflammatory markers, biochemical analysis, CT severity score and prognostic indicators were collected. RESULTS A total of 273 patients were enrolled, with 209 patients in the furosemide group and 64 patients in the non-furosemide group. The furosemide group showed a significantly decrease in CT severity scores compared to the non-furosemide group. Subgroup analysis showed that the longer the duration of furosemide use, the more pronounced the improvement in lung CT severity scores. But there were no significant differences in length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality between the two groups. CONCLUSION Furosemide helps alleviate pulmonary edema in HAPE patients, but further research is needed to clarify its impact on prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dava Tenzing
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Shigatse City, No. 1 Daqing East Road, Sangzhuzi District, Shigatse City, Tibet, China
| | - Pianduo Suolang
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Shigatse City, No. 1 Daqing East Road, Sangzhuzi District, Shigatse City, Tibet, China
| | - Deji Gesang
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Shigatse City, No. 1 Daqing East Road, Sangzhuzi District, Shigatse City, Tibet, China
| | - Duoji Suolang
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Shigatse City, No. 1 Daqing East Road, Sangzhuzi District, Shigatse City, Tibet, China
| | - Gaozhan Duan
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Shigatse City, No. 1 Daqing East Road, Sangzhuzi District, Shigatse City, Tibet, China
| | - Wangmu Ciren
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Shigatse City, No. 1 Daqing East Road, Sangzhuzi District, Shigatse City, Tibet, China
| | - Yihui Wang
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Shigatse City, No. 1 Daqing East Road, Sangzhuzi District, Shigatse City, Tibet, China.
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin er Road, Huangpu District, 200025, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tongtian Ni
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Shigatse City, No. 1 Daqing East Road, Sangzhuzi District, Shigatse City, Tibet, China.
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin er Road, Huangpu District, 200025, Shanghai, China.
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Chen L, Li M, Shen M, Zhu Y, Chen K, Huang X, Zheng C, Wang Q, Lin H, Liao W, Bin J, Ma S, Liao Y. Bioinformatics exploration of potential common therapeutic targets for systemic and pulmonary arterial hypertension-induced myocardial hypertrophy. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023. [PMID: 37232575 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) can induce left and right ventricular hypertrophy, respectively, but common therapeutic targets for both left and right hypertrophy are limited. In this study, we attempt to explore potential common therapeutic targets and screen out potential target drugs for further study. Cardiac mRNA expression profiles in mice with transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and pulmonary arterial constriction (PAC) are obtained from online databases. After bioinformatics analyses, we generate TAC and PAC mouse models to validate the phenotypes of cardiac remodelling as well as the identified hub genes. Bioinformatics analyses show that there are 214 independent differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GSE136308 (TAC related) and 2607 independent DEGs in GSE30922 (PAC related), while 547 shared DEGs are associated with the function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) or involved in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, and ECM-receptor interactions. We identifyd Fn1, Il6, Col1a1, Igf1, Col1a2, Timp1, Col3a1, Cd44, Ctgf and Postn as hub genes of the shared DEGs, and most of them are associated with myocardial fibrosis. Those hub genes and phenotypes of cardiac remodelling are validated in our TAC and PAC mouse models. Furthermore, we identify dehydroisoandrosterone (DHEA), iloprost and 4,5-dianilinophthalimide (DAPH) as potential therapeutic drugs targeting both left and right ventricular hypertrophy and validate the effect of DHEA. These findings suggest that DHEA could be an effective drug for pressure overload-induced left or right ventricular hypertrophy by regulating the shared hub differentially expressed genes associated with fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mingjue Li
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mengjia Shen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yingqi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kaitong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoxia Huang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cankun Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiancheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hairuo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Liu K, Wang H, Yu SJ, Tu GW, Luo Z. Inhaled pulmonary vasodilators: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:597. [PMID: 33987295 PMCID: PMC8105872 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe disease that affects people of all ages. It can occur as an idiopathic disorder at birth or as part of a variety of cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders. Inhaled pulmonary vasodilators (IPV) can reduce pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and improve RV function with minimal systemic effects. IPV includes inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), inhaled aerosolized prostacyclin, or analogs, including epoprostenol, iloprost, treprostinil, and other vasodilators. In addition to pulmonary vasodilating effects, IPV can also be used to improve oxygenation, reduce inflammation, and protect cell. Off-label use of IPV is common in daily clinical practice. However, evidence supporting the inhalational administration of these medications is limited, inconclusive, and controversial regarding their safety and efficacy. We conducted a search for relevant papers published up to May 2020 in four databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Web of Science. This review demonstrates that the clinical using and updated evidence of IPV. iNO is widely used in neonates, pediatrics, and adults with different cardiopulmonary diseases. The limitations of iNO include high cost, flat dose-response, risk of significant rebound PH after withdrawal, and the requirement of complex technology for monitoring. The literature suggests that inhaled aerosolized epoprostenol, iloprost, treprostinil and others such as milrinone and levosimendan may be similar to iNO. More research of IPV is needed to determine acceptable inclusion criteria, long-term outcomes, and management strategies including time, dose, and duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen-Ji Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Wei Tu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Critical Care Med, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
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Norman P. Evaluation of US20150011555. An inhaled IP receptor agonist for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2015; 25:939-44. [PMID: 25971359 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2015.1044973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease for which IP receptor agonists provide one of the main classes of treatment. Currently available agents tend to lack receptor selectivity. AREAS COVERED Four salts of 7-(2,3-di-p-tolyl-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-b]pyrazin-5(6H)-yl)heptanoic acid, crystalline forms and compositions of each of these salts, and their use to treat conditions mediated by IP receptor activation, in particular PAH, are claimed. The claimed salts are particularly suited for delivery via inhalation and inhalation devices for their administration are claimed. EXPERT OPINION This IP receptor agonist represents the first example of selecting a compound to treat PAH that was designed for delivery via inhalation. It indicates Novartis' desire to establish a broad portfolio of respiratory products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Norman
- Norman Consulting , 18 Pink Lane, Burnham, Bucks, SL1 8JW , UK
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McLaughlin VV, Palevsky HI. Parenteral and inhaled prostanoid therapy in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Clin Chest Med 2013; 34:825-40. [PMID: 24267307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since continuous IV epoprostenol was approved in the U.S., parenteral prostanoid therapy has remained the gold standard for the treatment of patients with advanced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Prostanoid agents can be administered as continuous intravenous infusions, as continuous subcutaneous infusions and by intermittent nebulization therapy. This article presents data from clinical trials of available prostanoid agents, and their varied routes of administration. The varied routes of administration allow for the incremental use of this class of agents in advanced PAH, and if PAH progresses. Prostanoids will remain a major component of PAH therapy for the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vallerie V McLaughlin
- Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Hospital and Health Systems, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Room 2392, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5853, USA
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