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Pharmacoeconomic analysis of pertussis booster dose in adolescents in Bulgaria. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2045219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Klein NP, Zerbo O. Use of acellular pertussis vaccines in the United States: can we do better? Expert Rev Vaccines 2017; 16:1175-1179. [PMID: 29041826 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2017.1393334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite robust vaccination schedules and high vaccination rates, many countries, including the U.S., have seen large pertussis outbreaks with a shift in recent years in the distribution of disease burden towards adolescents and young adults. Areas covered: This perspective covers problems related to the increased incidence of pertussis among adolescents. Because the Tdap vaccine only protects against pertussis for 1-2 years after vaccination, we propose a new strategy which aims to optimize the benefit of Tdap in adolescents. Expert commentary: Current pertussis vaccination schedules are based on age and have not been effective at protecting adolescents and teenagers from pertussis outbreaks. An alternative to the current practice would be to take advantage of the cyclical nature of pertussis outbreaks. Rather than immunizing children and adolescent solely based on age regardless of risk of pertussis at that moment, perhaps we should consider a 'timed' Tdap. The goal would be to administer Tdap to susceptible adolescents and young adults during periods when there is a greater risk of being exposed to pertussis. This approach would optimize the use of an effective, but short-lived vaccine by maximizing protection at the time of increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola P Klein
- a Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center , Oakland , CA , USA
| | - Ousseny Zerbo
- a Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center , Oakland , CA , USA
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Rubin K, Glazer S. The pertussis hypothesis: Bordetella pertussis colonization in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Immunobiology 2017; 222:228-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Fedele G, Cassone A, Ausiello CM. T-cell immune responses to Bordetella pertussis infection and vaccination. Pathog Dis 2015; 73:ftv051. [PMID: 26242279 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent immunological investigations, stemming from the studies performed in the nineties within the clinical trials of the acellular pertussis vaccines, have highlighted the important role played by T-cell immunity to pertussis in humans. These studies largely confirmed earlier investigations in the murine respiratory infection models that humoral immunity alone is not sufficient to confer protection against Bordetella pertussis infection and that T-cell immunity is required. Over the last years, knowledge of T-cell immune response to B. pertussis has expanded broadly, taking advantage of the general progress in the understanding of anti-bacterial immunity and of refinements in methods to approach immunological investigations. In particular, experimental models of B. pertussis infection highlighted the cooperative role played by T-helper (Th)1 and Th17 cells for protection. Furthermore, the new baboon experimental model suggested a plausible explanation for the differences observed in the strength and persistence of protective immunity induced by the acellular or whole-cell pertussis vaccines and natural infection in humans, contributing to explain the upsurge of recent pertussis outbreaks. Despite the progress, open questions remain, the answer to them will possibly provide better tools to fight one of the hardest-to-control vaccine preventable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Fedele
- Anti-Infectious Immunity Unit, Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cassone
- Anti-Infectious Immunity Unit, Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy Center of functional genomics, Polo della genomica, genetica e biologia, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Clara Maria Ausiello
- Anti-Infectious Immunity Unit, Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Herzog C. Changing from whole-cell to acellular pertussis vaccines would trade superior tolerability for inferior protection. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015; 14:1065-72. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1059759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
The intensive use of pertussis vaccines has dramatically reduced the incidence of whooping cough during the 20th century. However, recent outbreaks in countries with high vaccination coverage illustrate the shortcomings of current vaccination regimens, and immunity induced by the most recent, acellular vaccines wanes much faster than anticipated. As an alternative, live attenuated vaccine candidates have recently been developed in order to mimic natural infection, which induces long-lasting immunity. One of them has successfully completed a Phase I trial in humans and is now undergoing further product and clinical developments. This article describes the development of such vaccines, discusses their advantages over existing vaccines and their interesting bystander properties as powerful anti-inflammatory agents, which widens their potential use far beyond that for protection against whooping cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Locht
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 1, rue du Prof. Calmette, F-59019 Lille, France
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Pertussis-specific memory B-cell and humoral IgG responses in adolescents after a fifth consecutive dose of acellular pertussis vaccine. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2014; 21:1301-8. [PMID: 25008903 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00280-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to impede the increase in pertussis incidence in the adolescent group, a school-leaving booster dose administered at the age of 14 to 16 years will be introduced in Sweden in 2016. Preceding this introduction, an open-label, randomized, multicenter, clinical trial without a control group and with blinded analysis was performed, investigating both safety and immunogenicity. Reported here are the memory B-cell and serological responses detected in a smaller cohort (n = 34) of the 230 subjects recruited to the study. All subjects had received primary vaccination consisting of three doses of diphtheria-tetanus-5-component pertussis (DTaP5) vaccine, at 3, 5, and 12 months of age, and a tetanus-low-dose diphtheria-5-component pertussis (Tdap5) vaccine booster at 5.5 years. In this study, the subjects were randomly assigned and received either a Tdap1 or Tdap5 booster. Of the 230 participants, 34 subjects had samples available for evaluation of IgG-producing memory B-cell responses. Both vaccine groups had significant increases in pertussis toxin-specific serum IgG levels, but only the 1-component group showed significant increases in pertussis toxin-specific memory B cells. The 5-component group had significant increases in filamentous hemagglutinin- and pertactin-specific memory B-cell and serum IgG levels; these were not seen in the 1-component group, as expected. In conclusion, this study shows that a 5th consecutive dose of an acellular pertussis vaccine induces B-cell responses in vaccinated adolescents. (This study has been registered at EudraCT under registration no. 2008-008195-13 and at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00870350.).
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Zhang Q, Yin Z, Li Y, Luo H, Shao Z, Gao Y, Xu L, Kan B, Lu S, Zhang Y, Li M, Liu M, Yao P, Zhao Z, He Q. Prevalence of asymptomatic Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis infections among school children in China as determined by pooled real-time PCR: A cross-sectional study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 46:280-7. [DOI: 10.3109/00365548.2013.878034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hallander H, Advani A, Alexander F, Gustafsson L, Ljungman M, Pratt C, Hall I, Gorringe AR. Antibody responses to Bordetella pertussis Fim2 or Fim3 following immunization with a whole-cell, two-component, or five-component acellular pertussis vaccine and following pertussis disease in children in Sweden in 1997 and 2007. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2014; 21:165-73. [PMID: 24307240 PMCID: PMC3910934 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00641-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis fimbriae (Fim2 and Fim3) are components of a five-component acellular pertussis vaccine (diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine [DTaP5]), and antibody responses to fimbriae have been associated with protection. We analyzed the IgG responses to individual Fim2 and Fim3 in sera remaining from a Swedish placebo-controlled efficacy trial that compared a whole-cell vaccine (diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis vaccine [DTwP]), a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP2), and DTaP5. One month following three doses of the Fim-containing vaccines (DTwP or DTaP5), anti-Fim2 geometric mean IgG concentrations were higher than those for anti-Fim3, with a greater anti-Fim2/anti-Fim3 IgG ratio elicited by DTaP5. We also determined the responses in vaccinated children following an episode of pertussis. Those who received DTaP5 showed a large rise in anti-Fim2 IgG, reflecting the predominant Fim2 serotype at the time. In contrast, those who received DTwP showed an equal rise in anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations, indicating that DTwP may provide a more efficient priming effect for a Fim3 response following contact with B. pertussis. Anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations were also determined in samples from two seroprevalence studies conducted in Sweden in 1997, when no pertussis vaccine was used and Fim2 isolates predominated, and in 2007, when either DTaP2 or DTaP3 without fimbriae was used and Fim3 isolates predominated. Very similar distributions of anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations were obtained in 1997 and 2007, except that anti-Fim3 concentrations in 1997 were lower. This observation, together with the numbers of individuals with both anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations, strongly suggests that B. pertussis expresses both Fim2 and Fim3 during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Hallander
- Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abdolreza Advani
- Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Catherine Pratt
- Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Hall
- Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom
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van Hoek AJ, Andrews N, Campbell H, Amirthalingam G, Edmunds WJ, Miller E. The social life of infants in the context of infectious disease transmission; social contacts and mixing patterns of the very young. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76180. [PMID: 24146835 PMCID: PMC3797797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Insight into how humans interact helps further understanding of the transmission of infectious diseases. For diseases such as pertussis, infants are at particular risk for severe outcomes. To understand the contact pattern of infants, especially those too young to be vaccinated, we sent contact diaries to a representative sample of 1000 mothers in the United Kingdom. We received 115 responses with a total of 758 recorded contacts. The average number of daily contacts for an infant was 6.68 overall and 5.7 for those aged ≤10 weeks. Of the latter, 2.1 (37%) contacts were with non-household members and were >15 minutes duration, suggesting that a cocooning programme may miss a substantial proportion of exposures leading to disease transmission. The least contact was between adolescents and infants. Thus the impact of adolescent (pertussis) vaccination on infants would likely be limited, unless it reduces transmission to other age groups whose contact with infants is greater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Jan van Hoek
- Immunisation, Hepatitis and Blood Safety Department, Public Health England, London, England
- * E-mail:
| | - Nick Andrews
- Immunisation, Hepatitis and Blood Safety Department, Public Health England, London, England
| | - Helen Campbell
- Immunisation, Hepatitis and Blood Safety Department, Public Health England, London, England
| | - Gayatri Amirthalingam
- Immunisation, Hepatitis and Blood Safety Department, Public Health England, London, England
| | - W. John Edmunds
- Department of infectious disease epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | - Elizabeth Miller
- Immunisation, Hepatitis and Blood Safety Department, Public Health England, London, England
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Locht C, Mielcarek N. New pertussis vaccination approaches: en route to protect newborns? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 66:121-33. [PMID: 22574832 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2012.00988.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pertussis or whooping cough is a life-threatening childhood disease, particularly severe during the first months of life, although adolescent and adult pertussis is increasingly more noted. General vaccination has tremendously reduced its incidence but has failed to bring it completely under control. In fact, it remains one of the most poorly controlled vaccine-preventable diseases in the world. New vaccination strategies are thus being explored. These include vaccination of pregnant mothers to transmit protective antibodies to the offspring, a cocooning strategy to prevent the transmission of the disease from family members to the newborn and neonatal vaccination. All have their inherent limitations, and improved vaccines are urgently needed. Two types of pertussis vaccines are currently available, whole-cell, first-generation and second-generation, acellular vaccines, with an improved safety profile. Attempts have been made to discover additional protective antigens to the 1-5 currently included in the acellular vaccines or to include new adjuvants. Recently, a live attenuated nasal Bordetella pertussis vaccine has been developed and undergone first-in-man clinical trials. However, as promising as it may be, in order to protect infants against severe disease, a single approach may not be sufficient, and multiple strategies applied in a concerted fashion may ultimately be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Locht
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.
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