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Elgeshy KM, Abdel Wahab AHA. The Role, Significance, and Association of MicroRNA-10a/b in Physiology of Cancer. Microrna 2022; 11:118-138. [PMID: 35616665 DOI: 10.2174/2211536611666220523104408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate the translation of mRNA and protein, mainly at the posttranscriptional level. Global expression profiling of miRNAs has demonstrated a broad spectrum of aberrations that correlated with several diseases, and miRNA- 10a and miRNA-10b were the first examined miRNAs to be involved in abnormal activities upon dysregulation, including many types of cancers and progressive diseases. It is expected that the same miRNAs behave inconsistently within different types of cancer. This review aims to provide a set of information about our updated understanding of miRNA-10a and miRNA-10b and their clinical significance, molecular targets, current research gaps, and possible future applications of such potent regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M Elgeshy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Wu C, Wu Z, Wang L, Chen Y, Huang X, Wang Z, Tian B. The Modulating Mechanisms of miRNA-196 in Malignancies and Its Prognostic Value: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:423-436. [PMID: 34435522 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1922718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating studies have revealed that up- or downregulated miRNA-196 expression correlates with the prognostic value in various malignancies; however, existing single studies lack robust evidence to elucidate the role of miRNA-196 in malignancy. The pooled results showed that the upregulation of miRNA-196 expression was significantly correlated with unfavorable OS [HR 2.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.78-2.57; p < 0.001)] and worse PFS (HR 2.84; 95% CI, 1.29-6.23, P = 0.01) in various malignancies. According to the regulatory mechanisms, studies shown that multiple tumors associated with transcription processes could be modulated by the miRNA-196 family; correspondingly, the miRNA-196 family exerted biological functions that could be regulated by various molecules. The upregulation of miRNA-196a, miRNA-196b and miRNA-196 expression is correlated with significantly unfavorable OS in multiple malignancies; similarly, miRNA-196 overexpression predicts poor PFS in multiple malignancies. Taken together, these findings indicate that miRNA-196a and miRNA-196b may serve as oncogenic molecules and may be potential prognostic biomarkers in multiple malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zuowei Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zihe Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bole Tian
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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3
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Jiang X, Hou D, Wei Z, Zheng S, Zhang Y, Li J. Extracellular and intracellular microRNAs in pancreatic cancer: from early diagnosis to reducing chemoresistance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s41544-019-0014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Li S, Yan G, Yue M, Kang Z, Wang L. MicroRNA‑766 inhibits the malignant biological behaviours of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by directly targeting ETS1. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1380-1387. [PMID: 30569091 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) are altered in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and their alterations significantly influence the malignant behaviour of PDAC. Therefore, identifying miRNAs associated with PDAC and their biological roles in the disease may provide promising therapeutic opportunities. Alteration of the expression of miRNA‑766 (miR‑766) has been previously reported in several types of human malignancy. However, to the best of our knowledge, whether miR‑766 exhibits different expression patterns in PDAC and its underlying functions in the progression of PDAC remain to be elucidated. In the present study, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) was used to detect miR‑766 expression levels in PDAC tissues and cell lines. The effects of miR‑766 upregulation on PDAC cell proliferation and invasion were evaluated using MTT and invasion assays, respectively. The mechanisms underlying the role of miR‑766 in PDAC cells were explored using bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay, RT‑qPCR and western blot analysis. It was found that miR‑766 was significantly downregulated in PDAC tissues and cell lines. The detailed roles of miR‑766 in the progression of PDAC were characterised using Panc‑1 and Aspc‑1 cell lines. The results revealed that the upregulation of miR‑766 restricted the proliferation and invasion of PDAC cells. Through a series of experiments, it was found that E26 transformation specific‑1 (ETS1) was a direct target of miR‑766 in PDAC cells. Furthermore, ETS1 knockdown simulated the inhibitory effects of the overexpression of miR‑766 on PDAC cells, whereas the effects of miR‑766 restoration on the PDAC cells were reversed by overexpressing ETS1. In conclusion, the findings of the present study demonstrate that miR‑766 offers potential as a therapeutic target for patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiquan Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Yan
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Meng Yue
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Kang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Shen Q, Yu M, Jia JK, Li WX, Tian YW, Xue HZ. Possible Molecular Markers for the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:2368-2376. [PMID: 29671412 PMCID: PMC5928849 DOI: 10.12659/msm.906313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to identify pivotal genes and pathways involved in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and explore possible molecular markers for the early diagnosis of the disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS The array data of GSE74629, including 34 PDAC samples and 16 healthy samples, was downloaded from GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database. Then, the DEGs (differentially expressed genes) in PDAC samples were compared with healthy samples using limma (linear models for microarray). Gene functional interaction networks were analyzed with Cytoscape and ReactomeFIViz. PPI networks were constructed with Cytoscape software. In addition, PPI (protein-protein interaction) network clustering modules were analyzed with ClusterONE, and the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analyses for modules were performed. RESULTS A total of 630 upregulated and 1,002 downregulated DEGs were identified in PDAC samples compared with healthy samples. Some ribosomal protein genes with higher average correlation in module 0 were enriched in the ribosome pathway. NUP107 (nucleoporin 107 kDa) and NUP160 (nucleoporin 160 kDa) were enriched in module 3. HNRNPU (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U) with higher average correlation in module 8 was enriched in the spliceosome pathway. The ribosome pathway and the spliceosome pathway were significantly enriched in cluster 1 and cluster 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Ribosomal protein genes Nup170, Nup160, and HNRNPU, and the ribosome pathway as well as the spliceosome pathway may play important roles in PDAC progression. In addition, ribosomal protein genes Nup170, Nup160, and HNRNPU may be used as possible molecular markers for the early diagnosis of the disease.
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Ren L, Yu Y. The role of miRNAs in the diagnosis, chemoresistance, and prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2018; 14:179-187. [PMID: 29416345 PMCID: PMC5790163 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s154226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a very challenging malignancy with late presentation, metastatic potential, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate the expression of multitude number of genes. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been linked to the development of various malignancies, including PDAC. A series of miRNAs have been defined as holding promise for early diagnostics, as indicators of therapy resistance, and even as markers for prognosis in PDAC patients. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in diagnosis, chemoresistance, and prognosis in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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7
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Xiong J, Wang D, Wei A, Ke N, Wang Y, Tang J, He S, Hu W, Liu X. MicroRNA-410-3p attenuates gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by inhibiting HMGB1-mediated autophagy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107500-107512. [PMID: 29296182 PMCID: PMC5746084 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is the most common treatment option for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, it offers little therapeutic value in many cases due to the rapid development of chemoresistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play pivotal roles in the chemotherapeutic resistance of PDAC. We found that miR-410-3p was significantly down-regulated in human pancreatic cancer xenograft (HPCx) tumor tissues from gemcitabine-treated mice. Low miR-410-3p expression correlated with gemcitabine resistance in HPCx tumors and PDAC cells as well as poor prognosis in PDAC patients. We also found that miR-410-3p attenuated the gemcitabine resistance of PDAC by targeting the 3'-UTR of HMGB1. Moreover, our study clearly demonstrated that miR-410-3p enhanced chemosensitivity to gemcitabine via inhibiting HMGB1-induced autophagy during chemotherapy in PDAC cells. Our study suggests that miR-410-3p expression may be a useful indicator of the potential for chemoresistance to gemcitabine and provide a potential new therapeutic target for chemoresistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Xiong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ailin Wei
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Nengwen Ke
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Sirong He
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Weiming Hu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xubao Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Nedaeinia R, Avan A, Ahmadian M, Nia SN, Ranjbar M, Sharifi M, Goli M, Piroozmand A, Nourmohammadi E, Manian M, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Salehi R. Current Status and Perspectives Regarding LNA-Anti-miR Oligonucleotides and microRNA miR-21 Inhibitors as a Potential Therapeutic Option in Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4129-4140. [PMID: 28401648 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the leading causes of cancer-related death, principally due to its metastatic spread and multifactorial chemoresistance. The therapeutic failure can also be explained by inter- or intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity and tumor stromal content. Thus, the identification of novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic options are warranted in the management of CRC patients. There are data showing that microRNA-21 is elevated in different types of cancer, particularly colon adenocarcinoma and that this is association with a poor prognosis. This suggests that microRNA-21 may be of value as a potential therapeutic target. Furthermore, locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified oligonucleotides have recently emerged as a therapeutic option for targeting dysregulated miRNAs in cancer therapy, through antisense-based gene silencing. Further work is required to identify innovative anticancer drugs that improve the current therapy either through novel combinatorial approaches or with better efficacy than conventional drugs. We aimed to provide an overview of the preclinical and clinical studies targeting key dysregulated signaling pathways in CRC as well as the therapeutic application of LNA-modified oligonucleotides, and miR inhibitors in the treatment of CRC patients. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4129-4140, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Nedaeinia
- Deputy of Food and Drug, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Department of medical biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ahmadian
- Department of Gastroentrology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sasan Nedaee Nia
- Department of Agricultural engineering and Weed science, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ranjbar
- Deputy of Food and Drug, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Sharifi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Goli
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Piroozmand
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan, Iran
| | - Esmail Nourmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of medical biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Manian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PH, Sussex, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Frampton AE, Krell J, Prado MM, Gall TM, Abbassi-Ghadi N, Del Vecchio Blanco G, Funel N, Giovannetti E, Castellano L, Basyouny M, Habib NA, Kaltsidis H, Vlavianos P, Stebbing J, Jiao LR. Prospective validation of microRNA signatures for detecting pancreatic malignant transformation in endoscopic-ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration biopsies. Oncotarget 2016; 7:28556-69. [PMID: 27086919 PMCID: PMC5053745 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease. Novel biomarkers are required to aid treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potentially ideal diagnostic biomarkers, as they are stable molecules, and tumour and tissue specific. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis revealed an endoscopic-ultrasound fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) 2-miRNA classifier (miR-21 + miR-155) capable of distinguishing benign from malignant pancreatic lesions with a sensitivity of 81.5% and a specificity of 85.7% (AUC 0.930). Validation FNA cohorts confirmed both miRNAs were overexpressed in malignant disease, while circulating miRNAs performed poorly. METHODS Fifty-five patients with a suspicious pancreatic lesion on cross-sectional imaging were evaluated by EUS-FNA. At echo-endoscopy, the first part of the FNA was sent for cytological assessment and the second part was used for total RNA extraction. Candidate miRNAs were selected after careful review of the literature and expression was quantified by qRT-PCR. Validation was performed on an independent cohort of EUS-FNAs, as well as formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) and plasma samples. CONCLUSIONS We provide further evidence for using miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for pancreatic malignancy. We demonstrate the feasibility of using fresh EUS-FNAs to establish miRNA-based signatures unique to pancreatic malignant transformation and the potential to enhance risk stratification and selection for surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E. Frampton
- HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Krell
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mireia Mato Prado
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Tamara M.H. Gall
- HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nima Abbassi-Ghadi
- Academic Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Niccola Funel
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start-Up Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CNR-Nano, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start-Up Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CNR-Nano, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leandro Castellano
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mohamed Basyouny
- HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nagy A. Habib
- HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Harry Kaltsidis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Panagiotis Vlavianos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Long R. Jiao
- HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Dai X, Pang W, Zhou Y, Yao W, Xia L, Wang C, Chen X, Zen K, Zhang CY, Yuan Y. Altered profile of serum microRNAs in pancreatic cancer-associated new-onset diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes 2016; 8:422-33. [PMID: 25991015 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New-onset diabetes mellitus in pancreatic cancer has been recognized as a paraneoplastic phenomenon caused by the existence of the tumor. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as non-invasive biomarkers for the detection of various cancers. In the present study, we hypothesized that a specific serum miRNA profile exists in pancreatic cancer-associated new-onset diabetes mellitus (PaC-DM). METHODS Initial screening of differentially expressed miRNAs in pooled serum samples from 25 PaC-DM patients, 25 non-cancer new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and 25 healthy controls was performed by TaqMan low-density arrays (TLDA). A stem-loop quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to confirm the relative concentrations of candidate miRNAs in 80 PaC-DM, 85 non-cancer new-onset T2DM patients, and 80 healthy controls. RESULTS The TLDA identified 16 serum miRNAs that were significantly increased in PaC-DM samples. A combination of six serum miRNAs (miR-483-5p, miR-19a, miR-29a, miR-20a, miR-24, miR-25) was selected by qRT-PCR as a biomarker for PaC-DM. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the six-miRNA panel training and validation sets was 0.959 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.890-1.028) and 0.902 (95% CI 0.844-0.955), respectively. The combination of these six miRNAs enabled the discrimination of PaC-DM from non-cancer new-onset T2DM with an AUC of 0.885 (95% CI 0.784-0.986) and 0.887 (95% CI 0.823-0.952) for the training and validation sets, respectively. CONCLUSION The six-serum miRNA panel may have potential as a biomarker for the accurate diagnosis and discrimination of PaC-DM from healthy controls and non-cancer new-onset T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianyou Hospital, Shanghai Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyan Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Zen
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaozong Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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11
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Subramani R, Gangwani L, Nandy SB, Arumugam A, Chattopadhyay M, Lakshmanaswamy R. Emerging roles of microRNAs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis, therapy and prognosis (Review). Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1203-10. [PMID: 26314882 PMCID: PMC4583517 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related death. Increasing incidence and mortality indicates a lack of detection and post diagnostic management of this disease. Recent evidences suggest that, miRNAs are very attractive target molecules that can serve as biomarkers for predicting development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, miRNAs are also promising therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer. The objective of the present review is to discuss the significance of miRNA in pancreatic cancer development, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. We extracted and compiled the useful information from PubMed database, which satisfied our criteria for analysis of miRNAs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. A summary of the most important miRNAs known to regulate pancreatic tumorigenesis is provided. The review also provides a collection of evidence that show miRNA profiles of biofluids hold much promise for use as biomarkers to predict and detect development of pancreatic cancer in its early stages. Identification of key miRNA networks in pancreatic cancer will provide long-awaited diagnostic/therapeutic/prognostic tools for early detection, better treatment options, and extended life expectancy and quality of life in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadevi Subramani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Laxman Gangwani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Sushmita Bose Nandy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Arunkumar Arumugam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Munmun Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Rajkumar Lakshmanaswamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
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12
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microRNAs with prognostic significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer 2015; 51:1389-404. [PMID: 26002251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports have described the prognostic relevance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in patients treated for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, many of these include small numbers of patients. To increase statistical power and improve translation, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine a pooled conclusion. We examined the impact of miRNAs on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in PDAC. METHODS Eligible studies were identified and quality assessed using multiple search strategies (last search December 2014). Data were collected from studies correlating clinical outcomes with dysregulated tumoural or blood miRNAs. Studies were pooled, and combined hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate strength of the associations. RESULTS Twenty studies involving 1525 patients treated for PDAC were included. After correcting for publication bias, OS was significantly shortened in patients with high tumoural miR-21 (adjusted HR = 2.48; 1.96-3.14). This result persisted when only studies adjusting for adjuvant chemotherapy were combined (adjusted HR = 2.72; 1.91-3.89). High miR-21 also predicted reduced DFS (adjusted HR = 3.08; 1.78-5.33). Similarly, we found significant adjusted HRs for poor OS for high miR-155, high miR-203, and low miR-34a; and unadjusted HRs for high miR-222 and high miR-10b. The small number of studies, limited number of miRNAs and paucity of multivariate analyses are the limitations of our study. CONCLUSIONS This is the first rigorous pooled analysis assessing miRNAs as prognostic biomarkers in PDAC. Tumoural miR-21 overexpression emerged as an important predictor of poor prognosis after PDAC resection independent of other clinicopathologic factors, including adjuvant chemotherapy use.
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Aberrant MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: Researches and Clinical Implications. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2014; 2014:386561. [PMID: 24899890 PMCID: PMC4034662 DOI: 10.1155/2014/386561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with a high rate of mortality and poor prognosis. Numerous studies have proved that microRNA (miRNA) may play a vital role in a wide range of malignancies, including PDAC, and dysregulated miRNAs, including circulating miRNAs, are associated with PDAC proliferation, invasion, chemosensitivity, and radiosensitivity, as well as prognosis. Greater understanding of the roles of miRNAs in PDAC could provide insights into this disease and identify potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. The current review focuses on recent advances with respect to the roles of miRNAs in PDAC and their practical value.
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Fang Y, Yao Q, Chen Z, Xiang J, William FE, Gibbs RA, Chen C. Genetic and molecular alterations in pancreatic cancer: implications for personalized medicine. Med Sci Monit 2013; 19:916-26. [PMID: 24172537 PMCID: PMC3818103 DOI: 10.12659/msm.889636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in human genomics and biotechnologies have profound impacts on medical research and clinical practice. Individual genomic information, including DNA sequences and gene expression profiles, can be used for prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment for many complex diseases. Personalized medicine attempts to tailor medical care to individual patients by incorporating their genomic information. In a case of pancreatic cancer, the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States, alteration in many genes as well as molecular profiles in blood, pancreas tissue, and pancreas juice has recently been discovered to be closely associated with tumorigenesis or prognosis of the cancer. This review aims to summarize recent advances of important genes, proteins, and microRNAs that play a critical role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, and to provide implications for personalized medicine in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantian Fang
- Molecular Surgeon Research Center, Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A. and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Xue Y, Abou Tayoun AN, Abo KM, Pipas JM, Gordon SR, Gardner TB, Barth RJ, Suriawinata AA, Tsongalis GJ. MicroRNAs as diagnostic markers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its precursor, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm. Cancer Genet 2013; 206:217-21. [PMID: 23933230 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2013.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of small non-coding RNAs, the analysis of microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns in human cancer have provided new insights into cancer biology. Evidence suggests that deregulated miRNA expression is associated with pancreatic cancer development. In this study, we analyzed the expression of several miRNAs in different types of pancreatic disease to determine if miRNA expression could aid in the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and its precursor, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm (PanIN). Pancreatic resection specimens were selected, which included PDAC (n = 16), benign pancreatic parenchyma from corresponding carcinoma cases (n = 16), chronic pancreatitis (n = 4), normal pancreatic parenchyma (n = 5), and PanIN (n = 5). The expression levels of five miRNA (miR-148a, miR-217, miR-21, miR-196a, and miR-10b) were assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays. Our data demonstrate that compared to the normal pancreatic parenchyma, miR-148a and miR-217 expression levels were down-regulated in PanIN, particularly in PanIN II-III and PDAC, whereas the level of miR-196 was significantly up-regulated in PDAC and its precursor, PanIN II-III. In addition, we observed that miR-21 was significantly overexpressed in PDAC, and miR-10b was highly expressed in PanIN II-III. Our study demonstrates that certain miRNAs, especially miR-148a, miR-217, and miR-196a, are significantly deregulated in PDAC, including in the early stage of PDAC. These markers can potentially be used as diagnostic markers to distinguish PDAC and its precursor from benign lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xue
- Department of Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
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Du Y, Liu M, Gao J, Li Z. Aberrant MicroRNAs Expression Patterns in Pancreatic Cancer and Their Clinical Translation. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2013; 28:361-9. [PMID: 23621126 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Longati P, Jia X, Eimer J, Wagman A, Witt MR, Rehnmark S, Verbeke C, Toftgård R, Löhr M, Heuchel RL. 3D pancreatic carcinoma spheroids induce a matrix-rich, chemoresistant phenotype offering a better model for drug testing. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:95. [PMID: 23446043 PMCID: PMC3617005 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer related death. It is lethal in nearly all patients, due to an almost complete chemoresistance. Most if not all drugs that pass preclinical tests successfully, fail miserably in the patient. This raises the question whether traditional 2D cell culture is the correct tool for drug screening. The objective of this study is to develop a simple, high-throughput 3D model of human PDAC cell lines, and to explore mechanisms underlying the transition from 2D to 3D that might be responsible for chemoresistance. Methods Several established human PDAC and a KPC mouse cell lines were tested, whereby Panc-1 was studied in more detail. 3D spheroid formation was facilitated with methylcellulose. Spheroids were studied morphologically, electron microscopically and by qRT-PCR for selected matrix genes, related factors and miRNA. Metabolic studies were performed, and a panel of novel drugs was tested against gemcitabine. Results Comparing 3D to 2D cell culture, matrix proteins were significantly increased as were lumican, SNED1, DARP32, and miR-146a. Cell metabolism in 3D was shifted towards glycolysis. All drugs tested were less effective in 3D, except for allicin, MT100 and AX, which demonstrated effect. Conclusions We developed a high-throughput 3D cell culture drug screening system for pancreatic cancer, which displays a strongly increased chemoresistance. Features associated to the 3D cell model are increased expression of matrix proteins and miRNA as well as stromal markers such as PPP1R1B and SNED1. This is supporting the concept of cell adhesion mediated drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Longati
- CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 14186, Sweden
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Frampton AE, Gall TMH, Castellano L, Stebbing J, Jiao LR, Krell J. Towards a clinical use of miRNAs in pancreatic cancer biopsies. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2013; 13:31-4. [PMID: 23256701 DOI: 10.1586/erm.12.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease, despite advances in imaging, surgery and a greater understanding of its molecular biology. Patient outcomes remain poor due to an inability to detect disease early and resistance to anticancer treatments. miRNAs are promised to become ideal cancer biomarkers, as they are tumor and tissue specific and also incredibly stable molecules. So far, large profiling studies of the PDAC miRNome have identified the 'usual suspects' known to be deregulated in solid tumors, such as oncomiR-21, as well as others that could be more robust for differentiating malignant from benign pancreatic disease. However, many of these are yet to be validated clinically. The paper under evaluation provides further evidence for the use of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for PDAC. We have reviewed the use of miRNAs as diagnostic analytes for detecting PDAC in biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Frampton
- HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK.
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Frampton AE, Krell J, Zhang Y, Stebbing J, Castellano L, Jiao LR. The role of miR-10b in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Surgery 2012; 152:936-8; author reply 938. [PMID: 22682079 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2012.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Frampton AE, Krell J, Giovannetti E, Krell D, Stebbing J, Castellano L, Jiao LR. Defining a prognostic molecular profile for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas highlights known key signaling pathways. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2012; 12:1275-8. [PMID: 23176615 DOI: 10.1586/era.12.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
There has been very little progress in improving outcomes for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) over the past few decades. High-throughput array profiling has made it possible to discover new assays to diagnose or prognose PDAC more accurately based on the genetic profile of an individual tumor. To improve patient survival, there is a need to extract the most practical data to define tumor subgroups and personalize anticancer therapy. In the evaluated study, a multiplatform, survival-based analysis of molecular changes was performed for PDAC to discover clinically useful biomarkers. A composite score predictive for survival was calculated for individual genes, taking into account the DNA copy-number and any regulation by miRNAs. Several genes involved in the PI3K/AKT and SRC signaling pathways were identified and further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Frampton
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, HPB Surgical Unit, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK.
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Costello E, Greenhalf W, Neoptolemos JP. New biomarkers and targets in pancreatic cancer and their application to treatment. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 9:435-44. [PMID: 22733351 DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2012.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Late diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (pancreatic cancer) and the limited response to current treatments results in an exceptionally poor prognosis. Advances in our understanding of the molecular events underpinning pancreatic cancer development and metastasis offer the hope of tangible benefits for patients. In-depth mutational analyses have shed light on the genetic abnormalities in pancreatic cancer, providing potential treatment targets. New biological studies in patients and in mouse models have advanced our knowledge of the timing of metastasis of pancreatic cancer, highlighting new directions for the way in which patients are treated. Furthermore, our increasing understanding of the molecular events in tumorigenesis is leading to the identification of biomarkers that enable us to predict response to treatment. A major drawback, however, is the general lack of an adequate systematic approach to advancing the use of biomarkers in cancer drug development, highlighted in a Cancer Biomarkers Collaborative consensus report. In this Review, we summarize the latest insights into the biology of pancreatic cancer, and their repercussions for treatment. We provide an overview of current treatments and, finally, we discuss novel therapeutic approaches, including the role of biomarkers in therapy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eithne Costello
- National Institute for Health Research Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit and Liverpool Cancer Research UK Centre, Department of Molecular, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK
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Ansari D, Chen BC, Dong L, Zhou MT, Andersson R. Pancreatic cancer: translational research aspects and clinical implications. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:1417-24. [PMID: 22509073 PMCID: PMC3319937 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i13.1417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in surgical techniques and adjuvant chemotherapy, the overall mortality rates in pancreatic cancer have generally remained relatively unchanged and the 5-year survival rate is actually below 2%. This paper will address the importance of achieving an early diagnosis and identifying markers for prognosis and response to therapy such as genes, proteins, microRNAs or epigenetic modifications. However, there are still major hurdles when translating investigational biomarkers into routine clinical practice. Furthermore, novel ways of secondary screening in high-risk individuals, such as artificial neural networks and modern imaging, will be discussed. Drug resistance is ubiquitous in pancreatic cancer. Several mechanisms of drug resistance have already been revealed, including human equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 status, multidrug resistance proteins, aberrant signaling pathways, microRNAs, stromal influence, epithelial-mesenchymal transition-type cells and recently the presence of cancer stem cells/cancer-initiating cells. These factors must be considered when developing more customized types of intervention ("personalized medicine"). In the future, multifunctional nanoparticles that combine a specific targeting agent, an imaging probe, a cell-penetrating agent, a biocompatible polymer and an anti-cancer drug may become valuable for the management of patients with pancreatic cancer.
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