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Assessment of humoral immunity and nutritionally essential trace elements in steady-state sickle cell disease Nigerian children before and after Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccination. BLOOD SCIENCE 2022; 4:170-173. [PMID: 36518602 PMCID: PMC9742099 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are particularly prone to pneumococcal infection and administration of Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine in Nigerian children with SCD is yet to be wide spread. This call for the need to study humoral immune responses stimulated by Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine in SCD children to confirm the benefit or otherwise for the use of Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine. Method The levels of humoral (innate and adaptive) immune factors and associated nutritionally essential trace elements were determined following Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccination of 23 Nigerian children with SCD. Serum innate humoral immune factors [Complement factors (C1q and C4), transferrin, ferritin, and C-reactive protein (CRP)] and adaptive humoral immune factors [IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE] were determined using ELISA. Nutritionally essential trace elements such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) were measured also using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results The serum levels of certain innate humoral immune factors (ferritin, CRP, and C4), only one adaptive humoral immune factors (IgE), and essential trace elements (Fe, Zn, and Cu) were significantly elevated in children with SCD post Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccination when compared to prevaccination levels. Conclusion Vaccination of children with SCD with Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine was associated with increased levels of more innate humoral immune factors than adaptive factors. This study thus supports the administration of Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccination to children with SCD.
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Wang Y, Li J, Wang Y, Gu W, Zhu F. Effectiveness and practical uses of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in healthy and special populations. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 14:1003-1012. [PMID: 29261406 PMCID: PMC5893217 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1409316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumonia (S. pneumoniae) is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines (PPV23) have been widely used for many years, but challenges are remaining in some respects, especially for its effectiveness among high-risk populations and older adults. This review aims to summarize recent clinical trials and studies of PPV23 vaccination among healthy people ≥ 2 years of age and those with high-risk conditions such as pregnant women, individuals with immunocompromising diseases and other chronic conditions, and provide health officials in China and other developing countries a comprehensive understanding of the current vaccination strategies for PPV23 and for the combined use of PPV23 and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- a School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Jingxin Li
- b Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- a School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Wei Gu
- c School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Fengcai Zhu
- b Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Nanjing , PR China
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Elenius V, Jartti T. Vaccines: could asthma in young children be a preventable disease? . Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2016; 27:682-686. [PMID: 27171908 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The long battle with asthma is far from over in developed countries. Its incidence, prevalence, and severity have been increasing for decades. By reducing the risk for asthma, significant healthcare costs can be saved. The desire to create a vaccine that might prevent asthma in young children is attractive and widely considered one of the main goals in translational asthma research. Several vaccination strategies have been tested. These include allergen-specific immunotherapy, vaccination against infectious pathogens, and modification of cell and cytokine responses. The lack of success in the prevention of asthma in young children lies on the complexity of the disease, which involves many genetic, epigenetic, and environmental interactions. This review provides a summary of current literature and aims to address key questions how to develop vaccines to prevent asthma in young children. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Varpu Elenius
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuomas Jartti
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
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Pennant KN, Costa JJ, Fuhlbrigge AL, Sax PE, Szent-Gyorgyi LE, Coblyn J, Desai SP. Improving Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates in Ambulatory Specialty Practices. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015; 2:ofv119. [PMID: 26430697 PMCID: PMC4589825 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofv119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations are recommended for elderly and high-risk patients; however, rates of adherence are low. We sought to implement influenza and pneumococcal vaccine initiatives in 4 different ambulatory specialty practices, using 3 unique approaches. Methods. Four specialties with high-risk patient populations were selected for intervention: allergy (asthma), infectious disease (ID) (human immunodeficiency virus), pulmonary (chronic lung disease), and rheumatology (immunocompromised). Allergy and ID focused on influenza vaccination, and pulmonary and rheumatology focused on pneumococcal vaccination. We used 3 strategies for quality improvement: physician reminders, patient letters, and a nurse-driven model. Physicians were provided their performance data on a monthly basis and presented trended data on a quarterly basis at staff meetings. Results. All 4 specialties developed processes for improving vaccination rates with all showing some increase. Higher rates were achieved with pneumococcal vaccine than influenza. Pneumococcal vaccine rates showed steady improvement from year to year while influenza vaccine rates remained relatively constant. Allergy's influenza rate was 59% in 2011 and 64% in the 2014 flu season. Infectious disease influenza rates moved from 74% in the 2011 flu season to 86% for the 2014 season. Pneumococcal vaccine in pulmonary patients' rate was 52% at the start of intervention in February 2009 and 79% as of January 2015. Rheumatology rates rose from 50% in February 2009 to 87% in January 2015. Conclusions. Integrated routine workflow and performance data sharing can effectively engage specialists and staff in vaccine adherence improvement. Influenza vaccination may require other approaches to achieve the rates seen with pneumococcal vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John J Costa
- Divisions of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy
| | | | - Paul E Sax
- Infectious Diseases , Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston
| | - Lara E Szent-Gyorgyi
- Children's Hospital, Standardized Clinical Assessment and Management Plans (SCAMPs) Program , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan Coblyn
- Department of Medicine Quality Program ; Divisions of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy
| | - Sonali P Desai
- Department of Medicine Quality Program ; Divisions of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy
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Jiménez Ruiz CA, Buljubasich D, Sansores R, Riesco Miranda JA, Guerreros Benavides A, Luhning S, Chatkin JM, Zabert G, de Granda Orive JI, Solano Reina S, Casas Herrera A, de Lucas Ramos P. SEPAR-ALAT Consensus Document on Antipneumoccal Vaccination in Smokers. Arch Bronconeumol 2015; 51:350-4. [PMID: 25641351 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for several clinical syndromes, such as community-acquired pneumonia, sinusitis, otitis media, and others. The most severe clinical entity caused by this bacteria is undoubtedly invasive pneumococcal disease. Certain factors are known to increase the risk of presenting invasive pneumococcal disease, the most important being smoking habit and underlying concomitant diseases. This article comprises a consensus document on antipneumococcal vaccination in smokers, drawn up by a Smoking Expert Group from the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery and the Latin American Chest Association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raúl Sansores
- Asociación Latinoamérica del Tórax (ALAT), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | | | - Susana Luhning
- Asociación Latinoamérica del Tórax (ALAT), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Gustavo Zabert
- Asociación Latinoamérica del Tórax (ALAT), Montevideo, Uruguay
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Denning DW, Pashley C, Hartl D, Wardlaw A, Godet C, Del Giacco S, Delhaes L, Sergejeva S. Fungal allergy in asthma-state of the art and research needs. Clin Transl Allergy 2014; 4:14. [PMID: 24735832 PMCID: PMC4005466 DOI: 10.1186/2045-7022-4-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensitization to fungi and long term or uncontrolled fungal infection are associated with poor control of asthma, the likelihood of more severe disease and complications such as bronchiectasis and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Modelling suggests that >6.5 million people have severe asthma with fungal sensitizations (SAFS), up to 50% of adult asthmatics attending secondary care have fungal sensitization, and an estimated 4.8 million adults have allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). There is much uncertainty about which fungi and fungal allergens are relevant to asthma, the natural history of sensitisation to fungi, if there is an exposure response relationship for fungal allergy, and the pathogenesis and frequency of exacerbations and complications. Genetic associations have been described but only weakly linked to phenotypes. The evidence base for most management strategies in ABPA, SAFS and related conditions is weak. Yet straightforward clinical practice guidelines for management are required. The role of environmental monitoring and optimal means of controlling disease to prevent disability and complications are not yet clear. In this paper we set out the key evidence supporting the role of fungal exposure, sensitisation and infection in asthmatics, what is understood about pathogenesis and natural history and identify the numerous areas for research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Denning
- The National Aspergillosis Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK ; Education and Research Centre, UHSM, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
| | - Catherine Pashley
- Leicester Institute for Lung Health and Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Infection Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Domink Hartl
- Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrew Wardlaw
- Leicester Institute for Lung Health and Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Infection Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Cendrine Godet
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU la Milétrie, Poitiers, France
| | - Stefano Del Giacco
- Department of Medical Sciences "M. Aresu", University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laurence Delhaes
- Biology & Diversity of Emerging Eukaryotic Pathogens (BDEEP), Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), INSERM U1019, CNRS UMR8204, IFR142, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille Nord de France University (EA4547), Lille, France ; Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Regional Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France
| | - Svetlana Sergejeva
- Translational Immunology Group, Institute of Technology, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia ; North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
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Domenech A, Ardanuy C, Tercero A, Garcia-Somoza D, Santos S, Linares J. Dynamics of the pneumococcal population causing acute exacerbations in COPD patients in a Barcelona hospital (2009-12): comparison with 2001-04 and 2005-08 periods. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 69:932-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Safety, immunogenicity, and antibody persistence following an investigational Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae triple-protein vaccine in a phase 1 randomized controlled study in healthy adults. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2013; 21:56-65. [PMID: 24173029 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00430-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated a protein-based nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) and pneumococcal (HiP) vaccine containing pneumococcal histidine triad D (PhtD), detoxified pneumolysin (dPly), and NTHi protein D (PD) in adults. In a phase I study, 40 healthy 18- to 40-year-old subjects were randomized (2:2:1) to receive two HiP doses administered 60 days apart, with or without AS03 adjuvant (HiP-AS and HiP groups, respectively), or Engerix B (GlaxoSmithKline, Belgium) as a control. Safety, antibodies, and antigen-specific CD4(+) T-cell immune responses were assessed before and until 480 days after vaccination. No serious adverse events were reported, and no subject withdrew due to an adverse event. Local and systemic symptoms were reported more frequently in the HiP-AS group than in the other two groups. The frequency and intensity of local and systemic symptoms appeared to increase after the second dose of HiP-AS or HiP but not Engerix B. Antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) for PhtD, dPly, and PD increased after each dose of HiP-AS or HiP, with higher GMCs being observed in the HiP-AS group (statistically significant for anti-PD after dose 1 and anti-Ply after dose 2). GMCs remained higher at day 420 than prior to vaccination in both the HiP-AS and HiP groups. Antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells increased after each dose but were unmeasurable by day 480. Two doses of an investigational PhtD-dPly-PD protein vaccine induced humoral immunity and antigen-specific CD4(+) T-cell responses after each dose, with generally higher responses when the vaccine was administered with AS03. HiP combined with AS03 appeared to be more reactogenic than the antigens alone. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00814489.).
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Koblizek V, Chlumsky J, Zindr V, Neumannova K, Zatloukal J, Zak J, Sedlak V, Kocianova J, Zatloukal J, Hejduk K, Pracharova S. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: official diagnosis and treatment guidelines of the Czech Pneumological and Phthisiological Society; a novel phenotypic approach to COPD with patient-oriented care. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2013; 157:189-201. [PMID: 23733084 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2013.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COPD is a global concern. Currently, several sets of guidelines, statements and strategies to managing COPD exist around the world. METHODS The Czech Pneumological and Phthisiological Society (CPPS) has commissioned an Expert group to draft recommended guidelines for the management of stable COPD. Subsequent revisions were further discussed at the National Consensus Conference (NCC). Reviewers' comments contributed to the establishment of the document's final version. DIAGNOSIS The hallmark of the novel approach to COPD is the integrated evaluation of the patient's lung functions, symptoms, exacerbations and identifications of clinical phenotype(s). The CPPS defines 6 clinically relevant phenotypes: frequent exacerbator, COPD-asthma overlap, COPD-bronchiectasis overlap, emphysematic phenotype, bronchitic phenotype and pulmonary cachexia phenotype. TREATMENT Treatment recommendations can be divided into four steps. 1(st) step = Risk exposure elimination: reduction of smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), decrease of home and occupational exposure risks. 2(nd) step = Standard treatment: inhaled bronchodilators, regular physical activity, pulmonary rehabilitation, education, inhalation training, comorbidity treatment, vaccination. 3(rd) step = Phenotype-specific therapy: PDE4i, ICS+LABA, LVRS, BVR, AAT augmentation, physiotherapy, mucolytic, ABT. 4(th) step = Care for respiratory insufficiency and terminal COPD: LTOT, lung transplantation, high intensity-NIV and palliative care. CONCLUSION Optimal treatment of COPD patients requires an individualised, multidisciplinary approach to the patient's symptoms, clinical phenotypes, needs and wishes. The new Czech COPD guideline reflects and covers these requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Koblizek
- Pulmonary Department, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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