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Hwang D, Kim J, Kyun S, Jang I, Kim T, Park HY, Lim K. Exogenous lactate augments exercise-induced improvement in memory but not in hippocampal neurogenesis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5838. [PMID: 37037890 PMCID: PMC10086059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), the lifelong process of formation of new neurons in the mammalian brain, plays an important role in learning and memory. Exercise is an effective enhancer of AHN; however, the molecular mediators of exercise-induced AHN are unknown. Recently, lactate was considered as an important mediator of exercise-induced AHN. Therefore, we hypothesized that exercise with lactate intake could augment exercise-induced AHN. This study was conducted for 5 weeks with 7-week-old ICR male mice that performed mild-intensity exercise (just below lactate threshold, 55-60%VO2max) with or without oral administration of lactate 5 days/week. Cell proliferation, neuronal differentiation, neurogenesis-relevant factors, reference and retention memory, and spatial working memory were evaluated at the end of the experiment. The results showed that AHN was enhanced by lactate intake, but exercise-induced AHN was not augmented by exercise with lactate intake. Nevertheless, exercise-induced improvement in reference and retention memory was augmented by exercise with lactate intake. And spatial working memory was promoted by the co-treatment, also protein expression of hippocampal FNDC5, BDNF, PGC1α, and MCT2 were elevated by the co-treatment. Therefore, our findings suggest that lactate has a potential to be developed as a novel supplement that improves the positive effects of exercise on the hippocampus and its cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deunsol Hwang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Nutrition, Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Laboratory of Exercise and Nutrition, Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kyun
- Laboratory of Exercise and Nutrition, Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkwon Jang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Nutrition, Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Kim
- Laboratory of Exercise and Nutrition, Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Young Park
- Laboratory of Exercise and Nutrition, Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Laboratory of Exercise and Nutrition, Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Tsumiyama W, Oki S, Umei N, Shimizu ME, Ono T, Otsuka A. Evaluation of the Lactate Threshold during Downhill Running in Rats. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:125-6. [PMID: 24567690 PMCID: PMC3927023 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to investigate if lactate thresholds in
rats could be accurately determined during downhill running in rats. [Subjects]
Twenty-four female Wistar rats were used in this study. Rats were randomly divided into
two groups: the level running group and downhill running group. [Methods] Catheters were
inserted into the right external jugular veins of the rats. Two days after the operation,
the rats performed incremental exercise tests. The level running group ran on a treadmill
at a 0° incline; the downhill running group ran on a treadmill at a −16° incline. The
lactate threshold was determined using the 2-line combination that minimizes the total sum
of squares for fitting all data. [Results] Maximal running speeds and running speeds at
the lactate threshold for the downhill running group were significantly higher than those
for the level running group. [Conclusion] In this study, it was possible to accurately
determine the lactate threshold during downhill running. These findings suggest that when
the treadmill speed is the same, downhill running can be done at lower metabolic intensity
than level running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Tsumiyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan ; Program in Biological System Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sadaaki Oki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Namiko Umei
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Takeya Ono
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Otsuka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan
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