1
|
de Castro FMP, Oliveira LDP, Aquino R, Tourinho Filho H, Puggina EF. Impact of Complete Intermittent Blood Flow Restriction in Upper Limbs Strength and Neural Function. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024; 95:635-645. [PMID: 38306672 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2023.2294092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to investigate the chronic effects of low-load strength training (LT) with complete intermittent blood flow restriction (IBFR) on neural adaptations and strength in biceps brachii. Methods: Nineteen volunteers were randomly assigned into two different 9-week training protocols consisting of three assessment weeks and six training weeks: (a) LT with complete IBFR (LT-IBFR; n = 10) and (b) LT without complete IBFR (LT; n = 9). Strength was evaluated by predicted 1 repetition maximum (1RM) at weeks 1, 5, and 9 and neural function by root mean square (RMS) and median frequency (MDF) at sessions 1, 7, and 12 during the first three and last three repetitions. Both groups performed three sets of Scott curl with 20% of predicted 1RM interspersed with 90s rest twice a week. Results: No changes were found in predicted 1RM throughout the training protocols nor between groups. LT-IBFR group showed lower RMS in the first set than LT for the first three repetitions and higher RMS in all sets for the last three repetitions with decreases in this value across the sets with no longitudinal changes for both groups. MDF in the first three repetitions did not differentiate between groups, however, in the last three repetitions, MDF were lower for LTIBFR group in all sets and it increased across the sets for this condition with no chronical changes for both groups in both repetitions zones. These results suggest that LT-IBFR may be ineffective for increasing Q5 strength and it did not promote chronic neural adaptations.
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao Y, He J, Chen X, Jing L, Qiu J, Geng Y, Chen F, Sun G, Ji X. The impact of ankle movements on venous return flow: A comparative study. Phlebology 2024:2683555241264914. [PMID: 39028225 DOI: 10.1177/02683555241264914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the haemodynamic effects of different ankle movements combined ankle and toe movements on the femoral vein of the lower extremity. METHODS 28 healthy volunteers participated in the study. Doppler ultrasound was used to measure peak systolic velocity and time-averaged mean velocity of the common femoral vein during ankle dorsiflexion, ankle dorsiflexion with simultaneous toe extension, ankle plantarflexion, and ankle plantarflexion with simultaneous toe flexion. RESULTS In comparison to the resting state, both ankle alone or ankle combined with toe movement showed statistically significant differences (p < .01). However, there were no significant difference in the velocity of the common femoral vein between ankle alone and ankle combined with toe movement (p > .05). It is noteworthy that dorsiflexion of the ankle resulted in the highest peak velocity of blood flow. CONCLUSION The impact of ankle movement, with or without toe movement, the velocity of the common femoral vein is not significantly correlated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cao
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - JinFeng He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xufeng Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Jing
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - JiaWen Qiu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - YuJuan Geng
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - GuoZhen Sun
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - XueLi Ji
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zordão CC, Gobbi A, Sapalo AT, Carvalho GD, Guirro RRDJ, Guirro ECDO. Correlation between the range of motion of the tibiotarsal joint and blood circulation in the lower limbs in diabetic individuals. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2022; 68:356-361. [PMID: 35442363 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20210961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the range of motion and lower-limb hemodynamic indices in the tibiotarsal joint of individuals with diabetic neuropathy. METHODS Twenty volunteers of both sexes, with a mean age of 61.45±7.05 years, were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Arterial blood flow was assessed using Doppler ultrasound, and the variables such as average velocity, pulsatility index, and resistivity index were also evaluated. A range of dorsiflexion and plantar flexion joint movements were assessed using digital goniometry before and after exercise. Data distribution was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, followed by Pearson's correlation for normal data and Spearman's correlation for non-normal data, in order to verify the association between variables. RESULTS A moderate correlation was found between dorsiflexion and pulse rate on two occasions before (rs=0.497) and after initial evaluation (rs=0.511). A low correlation was found between plantar flexion and mean velocity (rs=-0.357), pulsatility index (rs=0.439), and resistivity index (rs=0.328); dorsiflexion and mean velocity (rs=0.374), pulse rate (rs=0.332), and resistance index (rs=0.327) before evaluation, and peak (rs=0.346) was observed after the evaluation of blood circulation. CONCLUSION There is a correlation between the range of motion of the tibiotarsal joint and the blood circulation of diabetics, ranging from moderate to poor for the different variables evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Clapis Zordão
- Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Health Sciences - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Aline Gobbi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - André Timóteo Sapalo
- Universidade de São Paulo, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Carvalho
- Universidade de São Paulo, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Roberto de Jesus Guirro
- Universidade de São Paulo, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Elaine Caldeira de Oliveira Guirro
- Universidade de São Paulo, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou Q, Qian Z, Yang M, Liu J, Wu J, Ren L, Ren L. Alterations in plantar vessel blood flow in patients with mild diabetic peripheral neuropathy. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2022; 10:10/1/e002492. [PMID: 35027366 PMCID: PMC8762148 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early identification and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are crucial. Presently, the mechanism of DPN is not very clear, and there are inconclusive conclusions about the influencing factors of vascular dynamic characteristics in DPN. This study aims to detect and compare the hemodynamic characteristics of plantar blood vessels in patients with mild DPN and healthy participants to explore a simple and reliable new idea and a potential method for early assessment of DPN and to investigate the influence of gender and age on hemodynamic characteristics. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Sixty age-matched and gender-matched patients with mild DPN (30 men and 30 women) and 60 healthy participants were randomly recruited. Color Doppler ultrasound was used to measure and analyze the hemodynamic characteristics of plantar-related vessels. RESULTS Ultrasonic measurements had good test-retest reliability. There may be no statistically significant differences in the blood flow velocity and blood flow in the plantar-related blood vessels of participants, irrespective of their gender and age. For patients with mild DPN, color Doppler ultrasound may indicate early hemodynamic abnormalities when there are no obvious abnormalities in the large arteries of the lower limbs, which are specifically manifested as increased blood flow velocity and blood flow in the distal small vessels. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides in vivo data support for the dynamic characteristics of the plantar blood vessel biomechanical model and provides a new idea of in vivo and non-invasive early diagnosis of DPN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Cadre's Ward, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Maoguang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Luquan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zordão CC, Mendonça Junior ES, Valério PM, Perez CS, Ferro AP, Guirro ECDO. Immediate Effect of Manual Therapy on Tibiotarsal Joint Mobility and Static Balance in Individuals With Diabetes. J Chiropr Med 2021; 20:128-137. [PMID: 35463843 PMCID: PMC9023131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcm.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of manual therapy on ankle joint mobility and static balance in patients with diabetes. Methods Forty patients, at a mean age of 59.35 ± 7.85, with type 2 diabetes mellitus and neurologic symptoms according to a Neuropathy Symptom Score protocol with amplitude, were included. The patients were divided into 2 groups: sham group and intervention group, which underwent manual manipulation intervention and 7-day follow-up. Joint range-of-motion analysis was performed using digital goniometry and static discharge of weights assessed by computerized baropodometry with open and closed eyes. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used to analyze the distribution. The data showed normal distribution, so the analysis of variance tests followed by Tukey's tests were used. SAS statistical software was used and the significance level was 5%. Results The results of the intervention group showed an increase in the variable ankle goniometry over time compared to the sham group. The dorsiflexion movement on the right side obtained major gains over time; in addition, plantar flexion increased. Conclusion Based on the participants evaluated in this study, manual therapy increased the ankle joint amplitude and improved the static balance in individuals with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Clapis Zordão
- Department of Health Sciences, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emilson Sodré Mendonça Junior
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Department of Health Sciences, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paola Marini Valério
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Department of Health Sciences, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Silva Perez
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Department of Health Sciences, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ferro
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Department of Health Sciences, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Caldeira de Oliveira Guirro
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Department of Health Sciences, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Valerio PM, Gonçalves VE, Zordão CC, Rezende MS, Moisés ECD, Guirro ECDO. Influence of type 1 diabetes on the postural control of women in the third gestational trimester. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2020; 77:105062. [PMID: 32497927 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2020.105062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes can cause biomechanical alterations that may be responsible for additional changes to those existing in a regular gestational period. The way a maternal body responds when affected by diabetes has not been clearly understood. This study aimed to describe the influence of type 1 diabetes on pregnant women's postural control. METHODS Forty pregnant women in their third gestational trimester were allocated in two equal groups - the control group and the type 1 diabetic group. The variables related to postural control and balance were assessed using photogrammetry (head protrusion; cervical lordosis; thoracic kyphosis; lumbar lordosis; pelvic anteversion, knee flexion, tibiotarsal and foot inclination angles were measured), and baropodometry (anteroposterior and mediolateral distance trajectory of the center of pressure, amplitude and average speed of displacement of the center of pressure). FINDINGS The results of the type 1 diabetic group showed, in the postural analysis, lower head protrusion and pelvic anteversion angles, while there was higher cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis angles. In the baropodometry, the anteroposterior distance and the amplitude of the center of pressure displacement with eyes open and closed were higher. INTERPRETATION The findings suggest that type 1 diabetes mellitus in the third trimester of pregnancy is associated with postural changes, a decrease in the active ankle range of motion and increase in the anteroposterior oscillation of the center of pressure, with negative repercussions for postural control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Marini Valerio
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Ellen Gonçalves
- Physical Therapy Course, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Catarina Clapis Zordão
- Physical Therapy Course, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Monique Silva Rezende
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Elaine Christine Dantas Moisés
- Postgraduate Program in Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Elaine Caldeira de Olveira Guirro
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Castro F, Alves G, Oliveira L, Tourinho Filho H, Puggina E. Strength training with intermittent blood flow restriction improved strength without changes in neural aspects on quadriceps muscle. Sci Sports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
8
|
Intra- and Inter-rater Reliability of Peripheral Arterial Blood Flow Velocity by Means of Doppler Ultrasound. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2017; 40:236-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
9
|
Matsui N, Shoji M, Kitagawa T, Terada S. Factors affecting the range of motion of the ankle and first metatarsophalangeal joints in patients undergoing hemodialysis who walk daily. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:1560-4. [PMID: 27313371 PMCID: PMC4905910 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.1560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Increased plantar pressure during walking is a risk factor for foot ulcers
because of reduced range of motion at the ankle and first metatarsophalangeal joints.
However, the range of motion in patients undergoing hemodialysis has not yet been
determined. A cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the factors affecting the
range of motion of the ankle and first metatarsophalangeal joints in patients undergoing
hemodialysis who walk daily. [Subjects and Methods] Seventy feet of 35 patients receiving
hemodialysis therapy were examined. Measurements included the passive range of motion of
plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the ankle joint, and flexion and extension of the
first metatarsophalangeal joint. [Results] Hemodialysis duration was not associated with
ankle and first metatarsophalangeal joint range of motion in patients undergoing
hemodialysis. Diabetes duration was significantly associated with limited ankle joint
mobility. Finally, blood hemoglobin levels, body mass index, and age were associated with
first metatarsophalangeal joint range of motion. [Conclusion] The present study identified
age, diabetes, and decreased physical activity, but not hemodialysis duration, to be risk
factors for limited joint mobility of the ankle and first metatarsophalangeal joints in
patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobumasa Matsui
- Department of Rehabilitation, Japanese Red Cross Kanazawa Hospital, Japan
| | - Morio Shoji
- Department of Rehabilitation, Japanese Red Cross Kanazawa Hospital, Japan
| | - Takashi Kitagawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Japanese Red Cross Kanazawa Hospital, Japan
| | - Shigeru Terada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Japanese Red Cross Kanazawa Hospital, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu IY, Jung IG, Kang MH, Lee DK, Oh JS. Immediate effects of an end-range mobilization technique on shoulder range of motion and skin temperature in individuals with posterior shoulder tightness. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:1723-5. [PMID: 26180306 PMCID: PMC4499969 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.1723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study investigated the effects of an end-range mobilization technique on
the range of motion of the glenohumeral internal rotation and the skin temperature of the
shoulder in individuals with posterior shoulder tightness. [Subjects] Thirteen subjects
with posterior shoulder tightness who had glenohumeral internal rotation deficit ≥ 15°
participated. [Methods] All subjects underwent glenohumeral joint end-range mobilization
intervention. The internal rotation range of motion of the glenohumeral joint was measured
by a goniometer and the shoulder skin temperature was measured by a digital infrared
thermographic imaging device before and immediately after the intervention. Paired t-tests
were used to analyze the differences in these parameter pre and post-intervention.
[Results] The glenohumeral internal rotation range of motion and skin temperature of the
posterolateral shoulder in increased significantly post-intervention. [Conclusion] The
end-range mobilization technique is effective for increasing the glenohumeral internal
rotation range of motion and skin temperature of the shoulder in individuals with
posterior shoulder tightness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Il-Young Yu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Inje University, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gui Jung
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Inje University, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hyeok Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School, Inje University, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School, Inje University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seop Oh
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guirro ECDO, Guirro RRDJ, Dibai-Filho AV, Pascote SCS, Rodrigues-Bigaton D. Immediate effects of electrical stimulation, diathermy, and physical exercise on lower limb arterial blood flow in diabetic women with peripheral arterial disease: a randomized crossover trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2015; 38:195-202. [PMID: 25620607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of high-voltage electrical stimulation (HVES), continuous short wave diathermy, and physical exercise on arterial blood flow in the lower limbs of diabetic women with peripheral arterial disease. METHODS A crossover study was carried out involving 15 diabetic women (mean age of 77.87 ± 6.20 years) with a diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease. One session of each therapeutic resource was held, with a 7-day washout period between protocols. Blood flow velocity was evaluated before each session and 0, 20, 40 and 60 minutes after the administration of each protocol. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc test was used for the intragroup and intergroup comparisons. RESULTS In the intragroup analysis, a significant reduction (P < .05) was found in blood flow velocity in the femoral and popliteal arteries over time with HVES and physical exercise and in the posterior tibial artery with the physical exercise protocol. However, no significant differences were found in the intergroup analysis (P > .05). CONCLUSION Proximal blood circulation in the lower limb of diabetic women with peripheral arterial disease was increased by a single session of HVES and physical exercise, whereas distal circulation was only increased with physical exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rinaldo Roberto de Jesus Guirro
- Professor, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Almir Vieira Dibai-Filho
- Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Delaine Rodrigues-Bigaton
- Professor, Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapy, Methodist University of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|