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Park KJ, Seo TB, Kim YP. Effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and both sides up ball exercise on pain level, range of motion, muscle function after total knee arthroplasty. J Exerc Rehabil 2024; 20:17-23. [PMID: 38433857 PMCID: PMC10902696 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2448004.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease caused tearing and progressive wear of articular cartilage, and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is recommended to patients with OA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and both sides up ball (BOSU) exercises on pain, range of motion (ROM), and muscle function in patients following TKA. Ten participants who have limitation of the knee joint from TKA were divided into two groups: the continuous passive motion (CPM)+PNF exercise group (n=5) and the CPM+BOUS exercise group (n=5). Exercise rehabilitation program consisted of PNF and BOSU exercises, and both exercises were performed twice a day for 2 weeks. To examine effect of exercise rehabilitation, visual analogue scale (VAS), sit and reach flexibility, knee ROM, and Timed Up and Go test (TUG) were measured before and after exercise intervention. A two-way repeated analysis of variance was used to confirm the main effect. If there was a significant interaction effect, an independent t-test between groups or a paired t-test between times was applied. VAS, sit and reach flexibility, knee ROM and TUG did not show interaction between the PNF and BOSU exercise groups, but all measured variables showed significant differences over time. Present findings provide information that PNF and BOSU exercise rehabilitation after TKA might be an important part of ensuring successful surgical outcomes as they have a positive impact on reducing pain, increasing ROM, improving muscle strength, and enhancing daily life movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keon-Ju Park
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Korea
| | - Tae-Beom Seo
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Korea
| | - Young-Pyo Kim
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Korea
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Eymir M, Erduran M, Ünver B. Active heel-slide exercise therapy facilitates the functional and proprioceptive enhancement following total knee arthroplasty compared to continuous passive motion. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2021; 29:3352-3360. [PMID: 32778907 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-020-06181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to compare active heel-slide exercise (AHSE) + standard physiotherapy (PT) to continuous passive motion (CPM) + standard PT during inpatient rehabilitation of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients in terms of postoperative outcomes. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned into AHSE or CPM groups. Both groups received standard PT (range of motion and strengthening exercises, and ambulation) during hospital stay. Patients were evaluated regarding functional outcomes, knee proprioception, pain intensity, active range of motion, knee circumference, length of hospital stay, time for achieving straight leg raise actively, time for achieving 70° knee flexion. RESULTS Groups were similar at baseline (n.s.). At discharge, AHSE group was better in terms of pain intensity (p < 0.001), Hospital for Special Surgery knee score (p = 0.001), rise from sitting (p = 0.015), ascend/descend stairs (p = 0.038), and timed up and go test (p = 0.028) compared to CPM group. AHSE group was able to perform the straight leg raise earlier than CPM group during inpatient period (p = 0.001) and demonstrated improved proprioception at discharge and at 3-month follow-up (p < 0.05). No statistical differences were detected between groups in other evaluation parameters (n.s.). CONCLUSION Our findings support AHSE therapy offers a more functional rehabilitation and leads beneficial results for patients following TKA. Therefore, active exercise approach encouraging patients to participate in their rehabilitation should be first choice in acute postoperative rehabilitation following TKA rather than CPM. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Eymir
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, TR-35340, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Erduran
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, TR-35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bayram Ünver
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, TR-35340, Izmir, Turkey
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Kaczorowska A, Kaboth J, Lepsy E, Mroczek A. The effects of physiotherapy using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques on the gait of patients after hip and knee arthroplasty: a case report. MEDICAL SCIENCE PULSE 2021. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.2789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gait disturbances are a major problem for patients after arthroplasty. After the surgery, walking
speed, the rhythm of locomotion, and the length of the steps are significantly reduced. One of the therapeutic
methods used in gait re-education is proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF).
Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of physiotherapy using PNF techniques on the
gait of patients after hip and knee arthroplasty.
Case report: A 60-year-old woman with advanced osteoarthritis that received bilateral hip and right knee arthroplasties
was examined. Before and after the therapy, the following tests were performed: measurement of
the range of motion (ROM) of hip and knees joints in the sagittal plane using a goniometer, assessment of the
symmetry of the lower limbs loading using the two scales test, assessment of the risk of falls using the “Timed
Up and Go” test, assessment of balance and gait using the Tinetti test, and assessment of pain intensity using
the visual analogue scale (VAS). Rehabilitation was comprised of 15 PNF therapies, including scapular
and pelvic PNF patterns. The stabilization of the upper and lower trunk, lifting, shifting of the body’s weight
from one foot to another, gait cycle (the stance phase and the swing phase), walking forward, backward, and
sideways, and walking up/down the stairs were also used. After the therapy, the flexion ROM in both hip and
knees joints was improved. The lower limb symmetry index decreased from 1.167 to 1.121, and the sum of
the points obtained in the Tinetti test increased from 22 to 26. Pain in the joints also decreased from 6 on the
VAS scale to 4. However, the result obtained in the “Timed Up and Go” test after the therapy was increased by
0.5 s compared to before the therapy.
Conclusions: After hip and knee arthroplasties, physiotherapy using PNF techniques improved the gait
and functional status of the patient. Continuation of this research using a larger number of patients is
needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jolanta Kaboth
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Poland
| | - Ewelina Lepsy
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Poland
| | - Agata Mroczek
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Poland
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Kaczorowska A, Kaboth J, Lepsy E, Mroczek A. The effects of physiotherapy using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques on the gait of patients after hip and knee arthroplasty: a case report. MEDICAL SCIENCE PULSE 2021. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.0632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Gait disturbances are a major problem for patients after arthroplasty. After the surgery, walking speed, the rhythm of locomotion, and the length of the steps are significantly reduced. One of the therapeutic methods used in gait re-education is proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF).
Aim of the study
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of physiotherapy using PNF techniques on the gait of patients after hip and knee arthroplasty.
Case report
A 60-year-old woman with advanced osteoarthritis that received bilateral hip and right knee arthroplasties was examined. Before and after the therapy, the following tests were performed: measurement of the range of motion (ROM) of hip and knees joints in the sagittal plane using a goniometer, assessment of the symmetry of the lower limbs loading using the two scales test, assessment of the risk of falls using the “Timed Up and Go” test, assessment of balance and gait using the Tinetti test, and assessment of pain intensity using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Rehabilitation was comprised of 15 PNF therapies, including scapular and pelvic PNF patterns. The stabilization of the upper and lower trunk, lifting, shifting of the body’s weight from one foot to another, gait cycle (the stance phase and the swing phase), walking forward, backward, and sideways, and walking up/down the stairs were also used. After the therapy, the flexion ROM in both hip and knees joints was improved. The lower limb symmetry index decreased from 1.167 to 1.121, and the sum of the points obtained in the Tinetti test increased from 22 to 26. Pain in the joints also decreased from 6 on the VAS scale to 4. However, the result obtained in the “Timed Up and Go” test after the therapy was increased by 0.5 s compared to before the therapy. Conclusions
After hip and knee arthroplasties, physiotherapy using PNF techniques improved the gait and functional status of the patient. Continuation of this research using a larger number of patients is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jolanta Kaboth
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Poland
| | - Ewelina Lepsy
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Poland
| | - Agata Mroczek
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Poland
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Bragonzoni L, Rovini E, Barone G, Cavallo F, Zaffagnini S, Benedetti MG. How proprioception changes before and after total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review. Gait Posture 2019; 72:1-11. [PMID: 31129387 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proprioception is one of the most significant factors in balance, joint stability, graceful movement, coordination, and injury prevention. It involves a wide set of receptors located within joints, muscles, and tendons. Given the neurophysiological processes involved in proprioception response are multiple and complex, there is not one single method to measure it. Particularly, proprioception of the knee joint, whether it is healthy, affected by osteoarthritis, or after replacement, is the most investigated by in literature. RESEARCH QUESTION This review addresses the analysis of proprioception in the knee joint before and after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aim is to obtain an overview of the proprioceptive skills in subjects who suffered from osteoarthritis and were subjected to knee replacement, evaluating changes in proprioception before and after the surgery. METHODS The research was conducted within four databases: Web of Science®, PubMed Central®, Cochrane®, and PEDro®, between January 2008 and February 2018. Accurate exclusion criteria and selection strategy were applied to screen the 170 articles found. RESULTS Ultimately, 13 papers were fully evaluated and included in this review, divided into two classes: i) works directly measuring proprioception, ii) studies indirectly evaluating proprioception. Contrasting results emerged from the analysis, and no consensus was found in the literature about the improvement or worsening in proprioception before and after TKA. SIGNIFICANCE Since currently there is high variability in methods, protocol and parameters used to evaluate knee proprioception, further investigations based on a consistent dataset, a well-defined protocol, measurable outcomes, timeline follow-ups, and rehabilitation programs should be performed in order to obtain reliable results on the effects of TKA on knee proprioception and balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bragonzoni
- University of Bologna - Department for Life Quality Studies, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Erika Rovini
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, PI, Italy; II Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic - IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, BO, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Barone
- II Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic - IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Filippo Cavallo
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, PI, Italy
| | - Stefano Zaffagnini
- II Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic - IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, BO, Italy; University of Bologna, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Benedetti
- Functional Recovery and Rehabilitation - IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, BO, Italy
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Effect of Physical Therapy Interventions in the Acute Care Setting on Function, Activity, and Participation After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF ACUTE CARE PHYSICAL THERAPY 2018. [DOI: 10.1097/jat.0000000000000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Balcı NC, Yuruk ZO, Zeybek A, Gulsen M, Tekindal MA. Acute effect of scapular proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques and classic exercises in adhesive capsulitis: a randomized controlled trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:1219-27. [PMID: 27190456 PMCID: PMC4868216 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of our study was to compare the initial effects of scapular
proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques and classic exercise interventions
with physiotherapy modalities on pain, scapular dyskinesis, range of motion, and function
in adhesive capsulitis. [Subjects and Methods] Fifty-three subjects were allocated to 3
groups: scapular proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercies and physiotherapy
modalities, classic exercise and physiotherapy modalities, and only physiotherapy
modalities. The intervention was applied in a single session. The Visual Analog Scale,
Lateral Scapular Slide Test, range of motion and Simple Shoulder Test were evaluated
before and just after the one-hour intervention in the same session (all in one session).
[Results] All of the groups showed significant differences in shoulder flexion and
abduction range of motion and Simple Shoulder Test scores. There were statistically
significant differences in Visual Analog Scale scores in the proprioceptive neuromuscular
facilitation and control groups, and no treatment method had significant effect on the
Lateral Scapular Slide Test results. There were no statistically significant differences
between the groups before and after the intervention. [Conclusion] Proprioceptive
neuromuscular facilitation, classic exercise, and physiotherapy modalities had immediate
effects on adhesive capsulitis in our study. However, there was no additional benefit of
exercises in one session over physiotherapy modalities. Also, an effective treatment
regimen for shoulder rehabilitation of adhesive capsulitis patients should include
scapular exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Comuk Balcı
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Baskent University, Turkey
| | - Zeliha Ozlem Yuruk
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Baskent University, Turkey
| | - Aslican Zeybek
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Baskent University, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gulsen
- Physiotherapy Program, Vocational School of Health Sciences, Baskent University, Turkey
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