1
|
Carmona GCC, Andrade GS, Citadin I, Rohr A, Sachet MR, Donazzolo J, Campos JRR, Danner MA. Diagrammatical scale to quantify herbivory severity on feijoa leaf caused by Paraulaca dives (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20200759. [PMID: 37436195 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320200759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this work were to characterize the damage caused by Paraulaca dives in feijoa (Acca sellowiana) and develop a diagrammatic scale to evaluate the severity of herbivory. The evaluations were carried out in a feijoa progenies orchard with eight-year-old. The beetles caused damage mainly on leaves, from October to December (spring season). The distribution of beetles in the orchard occurred randomly, not following a defined pattern of incidence. The diagrammatic scale of herbivory severity was represented by seven levels (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 15%, 32%, and 55% of the leaf area consumed). The use of this diagrammatic scale significantly increased the precision and accuracy of severity estimates by inexperienced evaluators. This can help in strategies to control this pest to expand the cultivation of feijoa in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto C C Carmona
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Departamento de Agronomia, Câmpus Pato Branco, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, 85503-390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Gilberto S Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Departamento de Agronomia, Câmpus Pato Branco, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, 85503-390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Idemir Citadin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Departamento de Agronomia, Câmpus Pato Branco, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, 85503-390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Angela Rohr
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Departamento de Agronomia, Câmpus Pato Branco, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, 85503-390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos R Sachet
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Departamento de Agronomia, Câmpus Pato Branco, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, 85503-390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Joel Donazzolo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecossistemas, UTFPR, Departamento de Agronomia, Câmpus Dois Vizinhos, Estrada para Boa Esperança, Km 04, 85660-000 Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - José R R Campos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Departamento de Agronomia, Câmpus Pato Branco, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, 85503-390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Moeses A Danner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Departamento de Agronomia, Câmpus Pato Branco, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, 85503-390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Steinhaus EA, Warpechowski LF, Braga LE, Morin M, Tenório C, Boff JS, Bernardi O, Farias JR. Intra- and Interspecific Variation in the Susceptibility to Insecticides of Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) That Attack Soybean and Maize in Southern Brazil. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:631-636. [PMID: 35244181 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated intra- and interspecific variation regarding the susceptibility to insecticides of key pentatomid pests of soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) crops in Brazil. To perform bioassays, populations of Euschistus heros (F.), Diceraeus (=Dichelops) furcatus (F.), Nezara viridula (L.), and Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) were collected in soybean fields in Southern Brazil during the 2020/2021 crop season. Then, stink bugs were exposed to doses of commercial insecticides commonly applied for its control in dip-test bioassays using fresh green bean pods. In general, all stink bug species and populations studied were susceptible to acephate, acetamiprid + bifenthrin, imidacloprid + bifenthrin, and ethiprole, with mortality rates > 80%. Most populations of E. heros and D. furcatus, considered the main stink bugs that attack soybean and maize, respectively, presented low or intermediate susceptibility to acetamiprid + α-cypermethrin, ζ-cypermethrin + bifenthrin, dinotefuran + λ-cyhalothrin, and bifenthrin + carbosulfan. Except for bifenthrin + carbosulfan (mortality < 57%), secondary stink bugs species that attack soybean (N. viridula and P. guildinii) showed pronounced susceptibility to all insecticides tested, with mortality rates > 70%. In summary, the populations of E. heros and D. furcatus showed diminished susceptibility to various insecticides formulated with the mixture of neonicotinoids + pyrethroids, whereas N. viridula and P. guildinii were most susceptible to the insecticides evaluated. The implications of these findings to integrated and resistance management programs are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo A Steinhaus
- Department of Plant Protection, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e Missões (URI), Universidade das missões avenue 464, Santo Ângelo, Rio Grande do Sul 98802-470, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Warpechowski
- Department of Plant Protection, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e Missões (URI), Universidade das missões avenue 464, Santo Ângelo, Rio Grande do Sul 98802-470, Brazil
| | - Luiz E Braga
- Department of Plant Protection, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e Missões (URI), Universidade das missões avenue 464, Santo Ângelo, Rio Grande do Sul 98802-470, Brazil
| | - Manuel Morin
- Department of Plant Protection, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e Missões (URI), Universidade das missões avenue 464, Santo Ângelo, Rio Grande do Sul 98802-470, Brazil
| | - Camila Tenório
- Department of Plant Protection, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e Missões (URI), Universidade das missões avenue 464, Santo Ângelo, Rio Grande do Sul 98802-470, Brazil
| | - Jéssica S Boff
- Department of Plant Protection, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Roraima avenue 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Oderlei Bernardi
- Department of Plant Protection, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Roraima avenue 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliano R Farias
- Department of Plant Protection, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e Missões (URI), Universidade das missões avenue 464, Santo Ângelo, Rio Grande do Sul 98802-470, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Honek A, Martinkova Z. Behavioural thermoregulation hastens spring mating activity in Pyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae). J Therm Biol 2019; 84:185-189. [PMID: 31466752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Post-diapause, overwintered adults of the true bug Pyrrhocoris apterus L. (Heteroptera, Pyrrhocoridae) form conspicuous aggregations at warm spots in early spring. Using a combination of laboratory experiments and field observations, we assessed the influence of this behaviour on the seasonal timing of reproduction. In the laboratory, post-diapause pairs mated after an accumulation of 80° days (dd), and females started to lay eggs after an additional 80 dd (considering 10.3 °C as a lower temperature threshold for post-diapause development). In the field, however, females mated as early as late March (based on data from four seasons), which corresponded to the accumulation of <15 dd (based on summing the temperatures recorded at a meteorology station). Such a 'discrepancy' between laboratory and field data is explained by thermoregulation. Aggregated adults bask in sunny spots, thereby increasing their body temperatures to ~25 °C, which is 7-16 °C above the temperature of the surrounding ground. This thermal excess speeds up their post-diapause development and enables early mating and oviposition. As a result, behavioural thermoregulation hastens the seasonal start of reproduction in P. apterus by > 1 month.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alois Honek
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, CZ 16106 Praha 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdenka Martinkova
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, CZ 16106 Praha 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|