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Remiro PDFR, Nagahara MHT, Azoubel RA, Franz-Montan M, d’Ávila MA, Moraes ÂM. Polymeric Biomaterials for Topical Drug Delivery in the Oral Cavity: Advances on Devices and Manufacturing Technologies. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:12. [PMID: 36678640 PMCID: PMC9864928 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several routes of drug administration, and each one has advantages and limitations. In the case of the topical application in the oral cavity, comprising the buccal, sublingual, palatal, and gingival regions, the advantage is that it is painless, non-invasive, allows easy application of the formulation, and it is capable of avoiding the need of drug swallowing by the patient, a matter of relevance for children and the elderly. Another advantage is the high permeability of the oral mucosa, which may deliver very high amounts of medication rapidly to the bloodstream without significant damage to the stomach. This route also allows the local treatment of lesions that affect the oral cavity, as an alternative to systemic approaches involving injection-based methods and oral medications that require drug swallowing. Thus, this drug delivery route has been arousing great interest in the pharmaceutical industry. This review aims to condense information on the types of biomaterials and polymers used for this functionality, as well as on production methods and market perspectives of this topical drug delivery route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula de Freitas Rosa Remiro
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-852, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Harue Taniguchi Nagahara
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-852, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Abboud Azoubel
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-860, SP, Brazil
| | - Michelle Franz-Montan
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Akira d’Ávila
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-860, SP, Brazil
| | - Ângela Maria Moraes
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-852, SP, Brazil
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dos Santos de Souza RBM, Soares NMM, Bastos TS, Kaelle GCB, de Oliveira SG, Félix FAP. Effects of dietary supplementation with a blend of functional oils to fecal microbiota, and inflammatory and oxidative responses, of dogs submitted to a periodontal surgical challenge. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bioactive Natural Products for Chemical Control of Microorganisms: Scientific Prospecting (2001–2021) and Systematic Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185917. [PMID: 36144652 PMCID: PMC9505009 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The inappropriate use of synthetic antibiotics has become a global public health problem. Therefore, the study of new alternatives for the treatment of infectious diseases is relevant and natural bioactive products are on the rise. This study conducted a scientific prospection of bioactive natural products with promising applications in the chemical control of microorganisms. A systematic review of the most recent articles was performed according to the following three steps: (i) eligibility assessment, (ii) screening, and (iii) inclusion of articles and information extraction. There has been an increase in the number of scientific publications on bioactive natural products for microbial control in the CAPES and SciELO databases (2001–2021). Seventeen relevant articles were included, most of which focused on extracts. Ascorbic acid, chlorogenic acid, chrysin, and quercetin were the most cited compounds. Natural products were shown to be effective in inhibiting more than 30 microorganisms. A discussion was presented on the research trends.
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Evaluating Novel Agarose-Based Buccal Gels Scaffold: Mucoadhesive and Pharmacokinetic Profiling in Healthy Volunteers. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081592. [PMID: 36015217 PMCID: PMC9413753 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Agarose (AG) forms hydrocolloid in hot water and possesses a noteworthy gel strength. However, no reasonable scientific work on investigating the mucoadhesive character of AG has been reported. Therefore, the current study was designed to develop AG and carbopol (CP) based buccal gel scaffold for simultaneous release of benzocaine (BZN) and tibezonium iodide (TIB). Gels’ scaffold formulations (F1−F12) were prepared with varied concentrations (0.5−1.25% w/v) of AG and CP alone or their blends (AG-CP) using homogenization technique. The prepared formulations were characterized for solid-state, physicochemical, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo mucoadhesive studies in healthy volunteers. The results showed that mucoadhesive property of AG was concentration dependent but improved by incorporating CP in the scaffolds. The ex vivo mucoadhesive time reached >36 h when AG was used alone or blended with CP at 1% w/v concentration or above. The optimized formulation (F10) depicted >98% drugs release within 8 h and was also storage stable up to six months. The salivary concentration of BZN and TIB from formulation F10 yielded a Cmax value of 9.97 and 8.69 µg/mL at 2 and 6 h (tmax), respectively. In addition, the FTIR, PXRD, and DSC results confirmed the presence of no unwanted interaction among the ingredients. Importantly, the mucoadhesive study performed on healthy volunteers did not provoke any signs of inflammation, pain, or swelling. Clearly, it was found from the results that AG-CP scaffold provided better mucoadhesive properties in comparison to pure AG or CP. Conclusively, the developed AG based mucoadhesive drug delivery system could be considered a potential alternative for delivering drugs through the mucoadhesive buccal route.
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Fatima F, Aldawsari MF, Ahmed MM, Anwer MK, Naz M, Ansari MJ, Hamad AM, Zafar A, Jafar M. Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Tridax Procumbens for Topical Application: Excision Wound Model and Histopathological Studies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111754. [PMID: 34834169 PMCID: PMC8623640 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to synthesize silver nanoparticles from the leaves of Tridax procumbens and develop its topical gels using chitosan to investigate the wound healing efficacy concomitant with the histopathological study. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared by reacting silver nitrate (0.3 M) with leaf extract and characterized by particle analysis, FTIR, XRD, SEM, BET, and TGA. The results revealed formed AgNPs were nano-sized (138 ± 2.1 nm), monodispersed (PDI: 0.460 ± 0.3), inter-particle repulsion (zeta: −20.4 ± 5.20 mV), stabilized, crystalline and, spherical with size ranging from 80–100 nm as per SEM micro photos. The BET analysis of AgNPs presents the surface area (12.861 m2/g), pore volume (0.037 cc/g), and pore radius (24.50 nm).TGA results show a loss of 13.39% up to 300 °C. The topical formulation was developed by loading AgNPs in chitosan-based gels, evaluated by pH, thermal cycling, centrifugal, and spreadability tests. AgNPs chitosan gels results showed skin compatibility, higher stability, and spreading ability. The maximum antibacterial zone of inhibition was found to be 25 ± 0.98 mm for bacillus subtitles and 30 ± 1.99 mm for Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. Nanosilver-containing gel also showed excellent compatibility with erythrocytes. Excision wound model was used to assess the wound healing property of the developed AgNP gels, the results of which indicated a significantly progressive healing process in test-group of animals treated with chitosan-based gels containing AgNPs. A histopathological study further confirmed the almost normal skin structure of treated animal tissue compared to standard and negative control. Thus, green synthesized AgNPs loaded chitosan-based topical gel can potentially be used for wound healing application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (M.K.A.); (M.J.A.)
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (M.K.A.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (M.K.A.); (M.J.A.)
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (M.K.A.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Maimuna Naz
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (M.K.A.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Abubaker M. Hamad
- Basic Sciences Department, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 20337, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Jafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia;
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Baranov N, Popa M, Atanase LI, Ichim DL. Polysaccharide-Based Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Periodontitis. Molecules 2021; 26:2735. [PMID: 34066568 PMCID: PMC8125343 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are worldwide health problems that negatively affect the lifestyle of many people. The long-term effect of the classical treatments, including the mechanical removal of bacterial plaque, is not effective enough, causing the scientific world to find other alternatives. Polymer-drug systems, which have different forms of presentation, chosen depending on the nature of the disease, the mode of administration, the type of polymer used, etc., have become very promising. Hydrogels, for example (in the form of films, micro-/nanoparticles, implants, inserts, etc.), contain the drug included, encapsulated, or adsorbed on the surface. Biologically active compounds can also be associated directly with the polymer chains by covalent or ionic binding (polymer-drug conjugates). Not just any polymer can be used as a support for drug combination due to the constraints imposed by the fact that the system works inside the body. Biopolymers, especially polysaccharides and their derivatives and to a lesser extent proteins, are preferred for this purpose. This paper aims to review in detail the biopolymer-drug systems that have emerged in the last decade as alternatives to the classical treatment of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolae Baranov
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Protection of the Environment, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Marcel Popa
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Protection of the Environment, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 50085 Bucharest, Romania
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