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For:	Morley JE. Sarcopenia and the Brain. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2021;79:373-375. [PMID: 34161524 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-e005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Aydin AE, Dost FS, Kaya D, Ates Bulut E, Mutlay F, Isik AT. Sarcopenia in older patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: an observational study from a single geriatric clinic in Turkey. Acta Neurol Belg 2024:10.1007/s13760-024-02583-0. [PMID: 38761330 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-024-02583-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), a classical triad of gait abnormality, cognitive disturbance, and urinary incontinence, increases in prevalence with aging. Sarcopenia is also characterized by low muscle strength and mass, contributing to gait difficulty. Gait abnormality and lower physical activity also lead to the development of sarcopenia. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and iNPH.

METHODS

A total of 327 participants were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Demographic and clinical characteristics, including age, sex, comorbidity index, number of medications, recurrent falls in the last year, laboratory findings and comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) parameters were recorded. Sarcopenia was defined according to the EGWSOP2 criteria. The relationship between sarcopenia and iNPH was assessed with regression analysis.

RESULTS

There were 51 participants with iNPH, 49% female, mean age 78 years (SD 5.7) and 276 control participants, 74% female, mean age 72 years (SD 6.1). The sarcopenia rates in patients with iNPH and controls were 19.6% and 2.5%, respectively (p < 0.01). The odds of probable sarcopenia were 3.89 times, and the slow gait speed was 8.47 times higher in iNPH patients than in controls after adjusting for age, sex, and the other confounders. The Mini-Mental State Examination score (p = 0.042, OR = 0.869 with 95% CI:0.759-0.995) was associated with probable sarcopenia among patients with iNPH.

CONCLUSION

This study demonstrated that sarcopenia was common in older patients with iNPH, which seems to be closely associated with decreased muscle strength and slowed gait speed. Thus, considering the potential untoward effects of both diseases, it is important for physicians to evaluate sarcopenia routinely in the follow-up and treatment of older patients with iNPH.

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Ramoo K, Hairi NN, Yahya A, Choo WY, Hairi FM, Peramalah D, Kandiben S, Bulgiba A, Ali ZM, Razak IA, Ismail N, Ahmad NS. Longitudinal Association between Sarcopenia and Cognitive Impairment among Older Adults in Rural Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022;19:ijerph19084723. [PMID: 35457592 PMCID: PMC9025848 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]

Abstract

Sarcopenia is a condition that is highly prevalent among older adults. This condition is linked to numerous adverse health outcomes, including cognitive impairment that impairs healthy ageing. While sarcopenia and cognitive impairment may share a common pathway, limited longitudinal studies exist to show the relationship between these two conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment. This is a cohort study among older adults residing in Kuala Pilah District, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. There were 2404 respondents at the baseline and 1946 respondents at one-year follow-up. Cognitive impairment was determined using Mini-mental State Examination scores. Sarcopenia was identified using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria, gait speed was measured using a 4-meter gait test, handgrip strength was assessed using Jamar handheld dynamometer, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to determine the longitudinal association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment, presented as relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 5.0% (95% CI 4.00–5.90), and severe sarcopenia was 3.60% (95% CI 2.84–4.31). Upon adjusting for covariates, older adults with sarcopenia have an 80 per cent increased risk of cognitive impairment compared to those without (RR 1.80; 95% CI 1.18–2.75). Similarly, severe sarcopenia was found to significantly increase the risk of cognitive impairment by 101 per cent in the adjusted model (RR 2.01; 95% CI 1.24–3.27). Our study showed that sarcopenia, severe sarcopenia, low physical activity, depressive symptoms, hearing impairment and chronic pain were associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults. Therefore, early intervention to prevent sarcopenia, depressive symptoms, hearing impairment, chronic pain, and higher physical activity among older adults is recommended.

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Affiliation(s)

K. Ramoo Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
Noran N. Hairi Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.) Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya City 60115, Indonesia Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-79674762
A. Yahya Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
W. Y. Choo Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
F. Mohd Hairi Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
D. Peramalah Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
S. Kandiben Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
A. Bulgiba Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
Z. Mohd Ali Negeri Sembilan State Health Department (JKNNS), Seremban 70300, Malaysia; (Z.M.A.); (I.A.R.)
I. Abdul Razak Negeri Sembilan State Health Department (JKNNS), Seremban 70300, Malaysia; (Z.M.A.); (I.A.R.)
N. Ismail Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya 62590, Malaysia;
N. S. Ahmad Mental Health, Injury Prevention, Violence and Substance Abuse Sector, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya 62590, Malaysia;

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