Validation of primer for promoting maternal self-efficacy in preventing childhood diarrhea

Effects of Educational Interventions on Maternal Self-efficacy and Childhood Diarrhea: A Randomized Clinical Trial

OBJECTIVE

Diarrhea still causes high morbidity and mortality in children under five, requiring constant interventions. Thus, the study aims to evaluate the effects of educational technologies on maternal self-efficacy to prevent childhood diarrhea.

METHODS

Randomized clinical trial carried out in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, with four randomized groups of mothers of children under 5 years of age, as follows: control group (n = 61), group A (booklet, n = 60), group B (video, n = 60), and group AB (booklet and video, n = 60). From June to October 2015, data collection was carried out in three moments (the first in person and the others by telephone monitoring).

RESULTS

All groups improved their self-efficacy after the intervention, with higher scores in the group AB (booklet and video). A statistically significant association was found between the occurrence of diarrhea and maternal self-efficacy in groups A (booklet) (p = 0.023) and AB (booklet and video) (p = 0.042) at the second moment of data collection. From the second moment to the third moment, the risk of diarrhea decreased in group A, from 12.8 to 1.3, and in group AB, from 8.5 to 1.1.

CONCLUSION

The technologies used, isolated or combined, were effective in improving maternal self-efficacy and decreasing the occurrence of childhood diarrhea; therefore, they can be used by nurses as health education tools.

Tecnologia educacional às famílias de lactentes sobre identificação de sinais de alerta: estudo de validação

RESUMO Objetivo: Validar com o público-alvo a usabilidade e aparência do álbum seriado sobre os sinais de alerta à saúde de crianças menores de 2 meses. Método: Estudo metodológico de validação com o público-alvo de um material educativo tipo álbum seriado. Participaram 11 mães com filhos menores de 2 meses de idade. Os domínios avaliados foram: Objetivos, Organização, Estilo de escrita, Aparência e Motivação. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e cálculo do Índice de Concordância dos Dados. Resultados: O Índice de Concordância dos Dados global foi elevado (0,99). As mães relataram críticas positivas, reconhecendo a excelência do material: figuras atrativas, de fácil entendimento e compreensão. Conclusão: A validação do álbum seriado adiciona habilidades e conhecimentos às mães na identificação dos sinais de alerta à saúde de seus filhos, trazendo autonomia, corresponsabilidade e o desenvolvimento de melhores práticas à saúde infantil.

Development and testing of the Prev’Quedas game for older adults in the community: a descriptive study

ABSTRACT Objectives: to develop and test a board game for fall prevention in older adults in the community. Methods: a descriptive study, carried out through the use of game design elements (narrative, mechanics, aesthetics and technology), the Health Promotion Model, assessment by experts and testing with older adults. For assessment, the Concordance Index was used, considering it greater than 80%. Results: three prototypes and the final version were developed. The game’s narrative was based on promotion model, comprising individual aspects, benefits and barriers in behavior to prevent falls. The mechanics outlined goals and rules. Aesthetics encompassed layout and illustrations. The technology involved board, cards, pin, roulette and instruction manual. The game was assessed by 36 experts and 31 older women from the community, with a Concordance Index of 93.22% and 99%, respectively. Conclusions: the game developed and tested was considered an adequate educational strategy for fall prevention.

Educational technology for infants’ families to identify warning signs: a validation study

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate, with the target audience, the usability and appearance of a serialized album about the warning signs to the health of children below 2 months. Method: Methodological validation study with the target population of an educational material in the form of a serialized album. 11 mothers with children under 2 months of age participated. The domains evaluated were: Objectives, Organization, Writing Style, Appearance, and Motivation. Data were analyzed using descriptive and statistics, and the data agreement index was calculated. Results: The global data agreement index was high (0.99). Mothers had positive responses, recognizing the excellence of the material: attractive figures that were easy to understand. Conclusion: The validation of the serialized album provides mothers with the abilities and knowledge they need to identify warning signs in regard to the health of their children, providing them with autonomy, corresponsibility, and helping them develop better child health practices.

Desenvolvimento e testagem do jogo Prev’Quedas para pessoas idosas da comunidade: estudo descritivo

RESUMO Objetivos: desenvolver e testar um jogo de tabuleiro para prevenção de quedas em idosos da comunidade. Métodos: estudo descritivo, realizado através da utilização dos elementos do design de jogos (narrativa, mecânica, estética e tecnologia), do Modelo de Promoção da Saúde, da avaliação por especialistas e testagem com pessoas idosas. Para avaliação, utilizou-se o Índice de Concordância, considerando-o maior que 80%. Resultados: desenvolveram-se três protótipos e a versão final. A narrativa do jogo foi embasada no modelo de promoção, compreendendo aspectos individuais, benefícios e barreiras no comportamento para prevenção de quedas. A mecânica delineou objetivos e regras. A estética abrangeu layout e ilustrações. A tecnologia envolveu tabuleiro, cartas, pino, roleta e manual de instrução. O jogo foi avaliado por 36 especialistas e 31 idosas da comunidade, com índice de concordância de 93,22% e 99%, respectivamente. Conclusões: o jogo desenvolvido e testado foi considerado uma estratégia educacional adequada para prevenção de quedas.

Mental health in adolescence: Elaboration and validation of an educational technology for health promotion

OBJECTIVE

to build and validate the appearance of a digital educational technology to promote the mental health of school adolescents.

METHODS

methodological study, which included the elaboration and validation of the "Conect@dos com a S@ude" online course based on the Galvis-Panqueva methodological framework. The elaboration was based on a literature review and followed the Theory of Meaningful Learning. The validation was performed by a total of 21 adolescent students, using an instrument adapted for the study. A quantitative analysis was performed from the Content Validity Index and descriptive of the suggestions pointed out by the target audience.

RESULTS

the analysis of the Content Validity index ranged from 0.8 to 1 in all evaluated items. The adolescents presented some suggestions for improvement for the course, most of them were accepted.

CONCLUSION

the course was validated by the target audience.

Educational technology for bathing/hygiene of elders at home: contributions to career knowledge

OBJECTIVE

to build and validate an educational booklet for bathing and hygiene of elders at home.

METHODS

a methodological study, developed through data collection in literature and situational diagnosis, booklet construction, material qualification through validation by expert judges (11 nurses) and target audience (30 caregivers). Data were analyzed descriptively. The minimum content validity index of 0.80 was considered.

RESULTS

in content and appearance validation, experts assigned Content Validity Index global of 0.92, while for assessment of the material's suitability, the booklet was classified as "superior", with an average of 90%. In the validation of caregivers, the overall Content Validity Index was 1.0.

CONCLUSION

the booklet was successfully validated and can be considered in the context of health education and collaborate with an adequate and safe practice of bathing and hygiene of elders at home.

Content validation of an educational booklet for asthma control and management in children

OBJECTIVE

to validate the content and appearance of the educational booklet "You can control your child's asthma - let's learn together?" with parents and caregivers of children with asthma.

METHODS

this is a methodological study, carried out with 34 mothers and caregivers of children, from two to 10 years old, diagnosed with asthma. The educational booklet validation was performed using Content Validity Index (CVI) and assessment of comprehension, attractiveness, self-efficacy, persuasion, and cultural acceptance domains.

RESULTS

the booklet was considered clear (99.8%) and relevant (100%), with a global CVI of 0.99. Domain assessment proved to be an easy-to-understand tool, culturally appropriate, attractive, with persuasive power and promoting self-efficacy.

CONCLUSION

the booklet is valid and adequate for promoting the self-efficacy of parents and caregivers in childhood asthma control and management, potentially scalable to other realities of outpatient care.

Educational interventions using a primer and motivational interviewing: randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND

Many educational technologies have been used to promote the health of the population. Thus, the objective was to assess the effect of using an individual educational primer along with the Brief Motivational Interviewing (BMI) for increasing maternal self-efficacy for preventing childhood diarrhoea.

METHODS

Randomized clinical trial, conducted in Fortaleza/Ceará-Brazil, composed of 181 mothers and/or guardians of children under five years, who were randomized into three groups: experimental group A (EG A)-who read the primer, experimental group B (EG B)-application of the primer and BMI and the control group (CG). The participants' assessment was based on the Maternal Self-Efficacy Scale for Preventing Childhood Diarrhoea and the diarrhoea Investigation Form at the beginning of the intervention and then 30 and 60 days after the first contact with the participants.

RESULTS

There were 60 participants in EG A and CG and 61 in EG B. It was noted a greater incidence of participants with high self-efficacy in EG B after applying the technologies. All groups manifested diarrhoea among children after the interventions, although with a lower number in EG B, one-month post-intervention (P = 0.025).

CONCLUSIONS

The combined use of the primer and the BMI contributed significantly over time to increase maternal self-efficacy in preventing childhood diarrhoea and reduce cases of this disease.

CONSTRUCTION AND VALIDATION OF A BOOKLET FOR SELF-EFFICACY OF ZIKA VIRUS PREVENTION

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the construction and validation of a booklet for the Zika virus prevention. Method: this is a methodological research, carried out in four stages. In the first, the research project was elaborated. In the second stage, data were collected from an integrative review and a qualitative research using three focus groups. In the third stage, the booklet’s content and script were developed. In the fourth stage, there was validation by expert judges and by the target audience, Unified Health System users. Results: an illustrated, colorful booklet was built, containing comic books and informative texts. Twenty-three expert judges and 31 people participated in validation, Unified Health System users. In the first cycle of validation by judges, an overall Content Validity Index of 0.79 was obtained, and in the second, the index increased to 0.85. The average percentage of agreement of the target audience corresponded to 99%. In the final version, the booklet has 28 pages. Conclusion: the validated booklet presents potential elements to improve Zika prevention and other arboviruses that have similar forms of prevention.

Construction and validation of a sleep hygiene booklet for the elderly

OBJECTIVE

to construct and validate an educational booklet for the elderly, with guidelines on sleep hygiene.

METHOD

a methodological research with booklet construction; validation by 22 judges and evaluation by 22 elderly people. The content was extracted from the guidelines of the Brazilian Sleep Association and the elderly health manual of the Human Rights Office. The item with Content Validity Index (CVI) greater than 0.8 or whose concordance ratio verified with the Binomial Test was valid and statistically equal to or greater than 80%.

RESULTS

the booklet presented 14 guidelines for the elderly about sleep hygiene distributed over 25 pages. All items were evaluated as relevant. The CVI had an average of 0.95 by the judges and 0.95 by the elderly.

CONCLUSION

the booklet was constructed and validated as to its content and appearance. It can be used by health professionals in the various services with the elderly.