Construction and validation of an educational booklet on care for children with gastrostomy

Teaching and learning strategies in Home Enteral Nutritional Therapy: Knowledge gains perceived by caregivers

Abstract Objective: to evaluate how different educational strategies contribute to knowledge gains perceived by caregivers of people using Enteral Nutritional Therapy. Method: a quasi-experimental study conducted in two stages: the first one included an interactive lecture class (LC) and the second was carried out in two groups: in-situ simulated skills training (ST) and reading of an educational booklet (EB). The caregivers answered a self-administered questionnaire to assess knowledge before and after the interventions; for the analysis, a generalized linear model with Poisson distribution was proposed and the comparisons were carried out using orthogonal contrasts. Results: the participants were 30 caregivers; evidence of a difference in knowledge between the t1and t0 moments is evidenced. The analysis of the final comparison about the knowledge gain between the EB and ST groups, according to Student’s t, evidenced an estimated difference of -1,33, with 95% CI (-4.98; 2.31) and p-value=0.46. Conclusion: knowledge was further increased between the t1 and t0 moments, when compared to the t2 and t1 moments in both groups. When compared, we cannot conclude that one of the groups changed more than the other in relation to moment t0 and t2; thus, the study evidenced the knowledge gain after all the educational strategies in both groups.

Estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje en Terapia Enteral domiciliaria: adquisición de conocimiento percibida por los cuidadores

Resumen Objetivo: evaluar cómo las diferentes estrategias educativas contribuyen a la adquisición de conocimiento percibida por los cuidadores de personas que utilizan Terapia Nutricional Enteral. Método: estudio cuasiexperimental realizado en dos etapas; la primera incluyó una clase expositiva dialogada (CE) y la segunda se desarrolló en dos grupos: entrenamiento de habilidades (EH) simuladas in situ y lectura del folleto educativo (FE). Los cuidadores respondieron un cuestionario autoadministrado para evaluar el conocimiento pre-posintervenciones; para el análisis se propuso un modelo lineal generalizado con distribución de Poisson y las comparaciones se realizaron mediante contrastes ortogonales. Resultados: participaron 30 cuidadores, había evidencias de la diferencia de conocimiento entre los tiempos t1 y t0. El análisis de la comparación final sobre el aumento de conocimientos entre los grupos FE y EH, mediante la prueba t de Student, mostró una diferencia estimada de -1,33, con un IC del 95% (-4,98; 2,31) y un valor de p de 0,46. Conclusión: hubo un mayor aumento del conocimiento entre los tiempos t1 y t0, que entre los tiempos t2 y t1 en ambos grupos. Al compararlos, no podemos concluir que uno de los grupos cambió más que el otro entre t0 y t2; por lo tanto, el estudio demostró que hubo adquisición de conocimiento después de todas las estrategias educativas en ambos grupos.

Estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem na Terapia Enteral domiciliar: ganhos de conhecimentos percebidos por cuidadores

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar como diferentes estratégias educativas contribuem para ganhos de conhecimento percebidos por cuidadores de pessoas em uso da Terapia Nutricional Enteral. Método: estudo quase-experimental realizado em duas etapas; a primeira contemplou uma aula expositiva dialogada (AE) e a segunda aconteceu em dois grupos: treino de habilidades (TH) simulado in situ e leitura da cartilha educativa (CE). Os cuidadores responderam um questionário autoaplicável para avaliação de conhecimentos em pré e pós-intervenções; para a análise foi proposto um modelo linear generalizado com distribuição Poisson e as comparações foram realizadas por contrastes ortogonais. Resultados: participaram 30 cuidadores, observou-se evidência de diferença de conhecimento entre os tempos t1 e t0. A análise da comparação final sobre o aumento do conhecimento entre os grupos CE e TH, por teste t-Student, evidenciou uma diferença estimada de -1,33, com IC 95% (-4,98; 2,31) e valor de p de 0,46. Conclusão: ocorreu uma maior elevação de conhecimento entre os tempos t1 e t0, quando comparada os tempos t2 e t1 em ambos os grupos. Quando comparados, não podemos concluir que um dos grupos mudou mais que o outro em relação aos tempos t0 e t2; assim, o estudo evidenciou o ganho de conhecimento após todas as estratégias educativas nos dois grupos.

Digital booklet on sustainable practices for promoting adolescent health

This methodological study aimed to describe the elaboration and validation of a digital booklet focused on sustainable practices toward adolescent health-promoting actions. It was conducted according to the following stages: preparation of the educational booklet; appearance and content validation with 21 judges and validation with a target audience of 53 adolescents. The drafting, elaboration, and assembly of the material's layout were performed through data retrieved from the integrative review and interviews. The digital booklet was entitled "Uncomplicating Environmental Health", with 29 pages in the A5 half-page format (14.8 cm width and 21.0 cm height), configured in landscape layout mode, made available for free, and accessible via mobile and fixed devices. The booklet was validated regarding appearance and content, with an overall Content Validity Index of 0.95, and judges' validation through the Suitability Assessment of Materials tool was considered "superior". The booklet achieved the target audience's positive agreement for validation. It was considered valid to be used in health education for adolescents.

Construction and validation of clinical scenarios for training informal caregivers of dependent persons

OBJECTIVE

To construct and validate three clinical scenarios for training dependent persons' informal caregivers.

METHODS

Methodological study, conducted between January and August 2021, in a municipality in the northwest of the state of Paraná. It was developed in two stages: construction of scenarios; and content validation by experts (n = 12). To estimate the degree of agreement between the experts, the content validity index was used, and 80% was considered an acceptable rate of agreement.

RESULTS

The simulation scenarios proved appropriate, obtaining an average value of 91.6%. However, some adjustments were made in their organization pertaining clarity in the wording of guidelines, as suggested by the expert validators.

CONCLUSIONS

The construction and validation of the clinical scenarios proved to be adequate and relevant for use in the training of informal caregivers of dependent persons.

Development and validation of children's stories as a health education strategy in speech, language, and hearing sciences

PURPOSE

Developing and validating children's stories focused on health education in Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences.

METHODS

Cross-sectional, descriptive, quali-quantitative two-step study. 1st) elaboration of 10 children's stories, guiding questions, explanatory notes, and illustrations. 2nd) validation by judges (speech therapists, educators, and familiar) in two phases. In the first, the sample consisted of 42 judges and in the second, 28. To access the materials and the validation questionnaire, a website was made available. The questionnaire investigated the judges' personal data and the judges' perceptions regarding the contents, vocabulary, illustrations, structure, and motivation of the materials. A five-point Likert scale of the agreement was used, with spaces for suggestions in each question. The quantitative analysis was done using the Content Validity Index and the Content Validity Coefficient. The qualitative analysis was based on the comments of the judges. The minimum rate of agreement among the judges on the decision to change or not change the materials was 80%.

RESULTS

The first phase pointed out the need for modifications in three titles and two vocabularies (bullying and dyke), and the need for increasing to five years of age the minimum age for access to the materials. The second phase revealed good acceptability in all changes made.

CONCLUSION

The materials developed were validated and can be used as health education tools by speech therapists and educators, as well as parents.

Educational technology to promote father involvement in childbirth and birth

OBJECTIVES

to build and validate an educational booklet to promote the involvement of parents in labor and birth.

METHODS

methodological study developed in five stages: situational diagnosis; bibliographic survey; construction of illustrations, layout, design and texts; content and appearance validation by judges (25 experts) and calculation of the Flesch Readability Index; and validation with the target audience (12 parents). A minimum Content Validity Index of 0.80 was considered.

RESULTS

the booklet was entitled "Father Presence" and was developed in 11 topics. In Content and Appearance Validation, the Validity Index obtained an overall score of 0.97. Cronbach's alpha was 0.92, indicating excellent reliability of its content. A global score of 74% for readability was obtained, considered easy to understand.

CONCLUSIONS

the material was successful in the validation process, and it can be recommended for parents to use it during the prenatal period, promoting the inclusion of the partner and preparing them for labor and birth.

SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CHILDREN WITH STOMA: AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY

Objective: To characterize the epidemiological clinical profile of children with ostomies treated in the outpatient clinic of a reference public teaching hospital for children in Brazil. Method: Descriptive, documentary, retrospective and quantitative study, carried out by extracting sociodemographic and clinical data from electronic medical records of children with ostomies, monitored from 2014 to 2018. The data underwent descriptive statistics, and in the analysis, the data were organized in a spreadsheet in Microsoft Excel version 2010, distributed in three tables, their values represented in absolute and relative frequency. Results: Of the 85 children with ostomy, there was a predominance of males, aged between 1 and 4 years. Anorectal anomaly was considered the main diagnosis. There was a high number of colostomies made. Contact dermatitis was the most frequent peristomal complication. There were difficulties in the routine of families attending the outpatient clinic, and the mother as the main caregiver. Conclusion: The study found relevant aspects related to care planning based on the demand of each child and health education for the prevention of complications, essential actions in the provision of safe and quality nursing care, as well as favoring the operationalization of public policies related to the health of children with ostomies.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO SOCIODEMOGRÁFICA E CLÍNICA DE CRIANÇAS COM ESTOMIA: UM ESTUDO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO

Objetivo:Caracterizar o perfil clínico epidemiológico de crianças com estomia atendidas no ambulatório de um hospital público de ensino de referência na área infantil no Brasil. Método: Estudo descritivo, documental, retrospectivo e de natureza quantitativa, realizado por meio da extração de dados sociodemográficos e clínicos de prontuários eletrônicos de crianças com estomia, acompanhadas de 2014 a 2018. Os dados passaram por estatística descritiva e, na análise, foram organizados em uma planilha no programa Microsoft Excel versão 2010, distribuídas em três tabelas, seus valores representados em frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: Das 85 crianças com estomia, houve predominância do sexo masculino, idade entre 1 a 4 anos. Anomalia anorretal foi considerada o principal diagnóstico. Constatou-se elevado número de colostomias confeccionadas. Dermatite de contato foi a complicação periestomal mais frequente. Verificou-se a dificuldade na rotina de comparecimento das famílias ao ambulatório e constatou-se a mãe como cuidadora principal. Conclusão: O estudo concluiu relevantes aspectos relacionados ao planejamento do cuidado pautado na demanda de cada criança e na educação em saúde para a prevenção de complicações, ações indispensáveis na oferta do cuidado de enfermagem seguro e de qualidade, como também favorecer operacionalização das políticas públicas relacionadas à saúde da criança com estomias.

Construção e validação de cenários clínicos para capacitação de cuidadores informais de pessoas dependentes

RESUMO Objetivo: Construir e validar três cenários clínicos para capacitação de cuidadores informais de pessoas dependentes. Métodos: Estudo metodológico, realizado entre janeiro e agosto de 2021, em um município no noroeste do estado do Paraná. Foi desenvolvido em duas etapas: construção dos cenários; e validação do conteúdo por experts (n = 12). Para estimar o grau de concordância entre os juízes, utilizou-se o índice de validade de conteúdo, e considerou-se o valor de 80% como uma taxa aceitável de concordância. Resultados: Os cenários de simulação mostraram-se apropriados, obtendo valor médio de 91,6%. No entanto, foram feitos alguns ajustes em sua organização no que tange à clareza na redação das orientações, conforme sugestão dos juízes. Conclusões: A construção e validação dos cenários clínicos mostraram-se adequadas e relevantes, de modo que eles podem ser utilizados na capacitação de cuidadores informais de pessoas dependentes.

Mobile app for patient education about breast cancer surgical treatment

Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer is a relevant public health problem with high incidence, morbidity and mortality. Patients experience a feeling of uncertain future, low self-esteem, fear of death and mutilation. In this situation, the rational absorption of information is compromised and technology can help. Objective: To develop and validate a mobile application (app) for patient education on the surgical treatment of breast cancer. Patient education in breast cancer helps set patients’ preoperative expec-tations and satisfaction with the surgical experience and outcomes. Methods: The app was created in five stages: 1. analysis - situational diagnosis and integrative literature review; 2. design - planning and creation of didactic content; 3. development - definition of the app navigation; 4. implementation - configuration of tools and creation of an environment to download the app from the internet; 5. testing - application of usability, performance, compatibility, and functional tests. The developed app was validated by 13 doctors experienced in the treatment of breast cancer and 19 female breast cancer patients, using the Delphi technique. Results: Consensus was achieved, with an excellent overall content validity index of 1.00, both among the doctors and the patients in the first round of consultation. Conclusion: The app, named OncoMasto Cirurgia App, was developed after an integrative literature review, tested and validated for content by specialist doctors and by breast cancer patients, showing great agreement among the study participants.

Tecnologia educacional para promoção do envolvimento de pais no parto e nascimento

RESUMO Objetivos: construir e validar uma cartilha educativa para promoção do envolvimento de pais no parto e nascimento. Métodos: estudo metodológico desenvolvido em cinco etapas: diagnóstico situacional; levantamento bibliográfico; construção das ilustrações, layout, design e textos; validação de conteúdo e aparência por juízes (25 especialistas) e cálculo do índice de Legibilidade de Flesch; e validação com o público-alvo (12 pais). Considerou-se Índice de Validade de Conteúdo mínimo de 0,80. Resultados: a cartilha intitulou-se “Presença de pai” e foi desenvolvida em 11 tópicos. Na validação de conteúdo e aparência, o Índice de Validade obteve escore global de 0,97. O alfa de Cronbach foi 0,92, indicando excelente confiabilidade de seu conteúdo. Pontuação global para legibilidade foi 74%, denotando fácil compreensão. Conclusões: o material teve êxito no processo de validação, podendo ser recomendado para os pais utilizarem-no durante o período pré-natal, promovendo a inclusão do parceiro e preparando-os para o parto e nascimento.

Development and validation of children’s stories as a health education strategy in speech, language, and hearing sciences

ABSTRACT Purpose Developing and validating children’s stories focused on health education in Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences. Methods Cross-sectional, descriptive, quali-quantitative two-step study. 1st) elaboration of 10 children’s stories, guiding questions, explanatory notes, and illustrations. 2nd) validation by judges (speech therapists, educators, and familiar) in two phases. In the first, the sample consisted of 42 judges and in the second, 28. To access the materials and the validation questionnaire, a website was made available. The questionnaire investigated the judges’ personal data and the judges’ perceptions regarding the contents, vocabulary, illustrations, structure, and motivation of the materials. A five-point Likert scale of the agreement was used, with spaces for suggestions in each question. The quantitative analysis was done using the Content Validity Index and the Content Validity Coefficient. The qualitative analysis was based on the comments of the judges. The minimum rate of agreement among the judges on the decision to change or not change the materials was 80%. Results The first phase pointed out the need for modifications in three titles and two vocabularies (bullying and dyke), and the need for increasing to five years of age the minimum age for access to the materials. The second phase revealed good acceptability in all changes made. Conclusion The materials developed were validated and can be used as health education tools by speech therapists and educators, as well as parents.

Elaboration and validation of an e-book with the laws about diabetes in schools

OBJECTIVES

to elaborate an e-book about children and adolescents' rights and duties concerning diabetes in schools.

METHODS

we developed this methodological study in nine steps: Creation process definition, bibliographic survey, e-book elaboration, readability and apprehensibility examination, illustration, committee of judges and targeted audience validation (students' moms with diabetes and school staff), experts' meetings and final discussion. We have considered acceptable the Content Validity Coefficient minimum of 0.80.

RESULTS

we obtained an average Content Validity Coefficient of 0,97 for clarity and relevance, and the images had 94% approval. In the face-to-face test, the targeted audience have considered the material clear and adequate to the intended purpose. Conclusions: the e-book was elaborated and validated regarding the content and relevance, and may be used to instruct the population about diabetes' laws in schools.

Construction and validation of an instrument for classifying nipple and areola complex lesions resulting from breastfeeding

OBJECTIVES

to construct and validate a classification of nipple and areola complex lesions resulting from breastfeeding, according to content and appearance.

METHODS

this is a methodological study, developed in four stages: operational definition, instrument construction, content and appearance validation. The Delphi technique and a Likert-type scale were used to validate content and appearance, through the participation of ten and sixteen judges, respectively. For analysis, Content Validity Index and Kappa Coefficient were applied.

RESULTS

Content Validity Index obtained an overall value of 0.93 and, for appearance, 0.94. Kappa values ranged between 0.46 and 1. The high rates of agreement among judges demonstrated the quality of the proposed content validity.

CONCLUSIONS

the Nipple and Areola Complex Lesions Classification Instrument developed obtained acceptable values of its indexes, proving to be valid in terms of content and appearance.

Educational technology for bathing/hygiene of elders at home: contributions to career knowledge

OBJECTIVE

to build and validate an educational booklet for bathing and hygiene of elders at home.

METHODS

a methodological study, developed through data collection in literature and situational diagnosis, booklet construction, material qualification through validation by expert judges (11 nurses) and target audience (30 caregivers). Data were analyzed descriptively. The minimum content validity index of 0.80 was considered.

RESULTS

in content and appearance validation, experts assigned Content Validity Index global of 0.92, while for assessment of the material's suitability, the booklet was classified as "superior", with an average of 90%. In the validation of caregivers, the overall Content Validity Index was 1.0.

CONCLUSION

the booklet was successfully validated and can be considered in the context of health education and collaborate with an adequate and safe practice of bathing and hygiene of elders at home.

Construction and validation of educational material on promoting breastfeeding in schools

OBJECTIVE

to build and validate an educational technology on the promotion of breastfeeding for schoolchildren.

METHODS

a methodological study was developed through a bibliographic survey, situational diagnosis, creation of illustrations, layout, design and texts, validation of the material with the help of expert judges and target audience.

RESULTS

the content judges enabled the validation of the material with an overall Content Validity Index of 90%, the judges of the design Suitability Assessment of Materials of 90.4% and the target audience with a 95.6% agreement. The readability percentage proved to be excellent, with an overall score of 100%.

CONCLUSION

the educational technology proved to be a valid and reliable instrument to promote a breastfeeding culture among schoolchildren.

Tecnologia Educacional sobre limpeza e desinfecção de brinquedos para ambientes escolares frente à pandemia da COVID-19

RESUMO Objetivo descrever a construção e validação do conteúdo e aparência de tecnologia educacional sobre limpeza e desinfecção de brinquedos para ambientes escolares e creches, no contexto de pandemia do coronavírus. Método Pesquisa metodológica de validação, orientada pela teoria da Psicometria. Realizada em três fases: (1) revisão bibliográfica (2) elaboração da tecnologia educacional (3) avaliação, aperfeiçoamento e validação do conteúdo e aparência da cartilha. Participaram 20 juízes e 16 profissionais da educação infantil. Para garantir a validação, consideramos o índice de validade de conteúdo de, no mínimo, 0,8. Os dados foram tratados no software Statistical Package for Social Science e submetidos à análise descritiva de distribuição de frequências. Resultados O índice de validade de conteúdo global foi de 0,99 para juízes e 0,96 para o público-alvo. Os domínios da cartilha apresentaram índice de validade de conteúdo superior a 0,8 sugerindo que é um material representativo, quanto à aparência e conteúdo. Conclusão e implicações para prática A cartilha digital pode ser considerada, no contexto das atividades educativas em enfermagem, instrumento capaz de favorecer orientações claras e confiáveis sobre a limpeza e desinfecção de brinquedos, para ambientes escolares, no cenário de pandemia do novo coronavírus.