[Territory, places, and health: resizing spatiality in public health]

Experiencias en territorio: vulnerabilidad y problemáticas sanitarias en barrios periurbanos de Paraná (Entre Ríos - Argentina)

Resumen En el siguiente artículo indagamos problemáticas de salud/enfermedad a partir de la experiencia de sujetos que habitan barrios periurbanos de la ciudad de Paraná (Entre Ríos, Argentina). A partir de una etnografía colaborativa durante los años 2017-2018 -que incluyó entrevistas en profundidad, registros audiovisuales e investigación-acción a vecinos de barrios periurbanos de la ciudad de Paraná, visita a Centros de Salud, entrevistas a profesionales y personal administrativo de los mismos, como de algunas Organizaciones que trabajan en promoción de la salud y prevención de dolencias y/o agravios - se indagan los procesos de determinación social de la salud-enfermedad-muerte en territorios vulnerables. A partir de cierta reconstrucción, profundizamos fundamentalmente en las consecuencias y dinámicas que encarna en la vida de quienes habitan el territorio la existencia de un basural a cielo abierto, el cual resulta epicentro para abordar problemáticas sanitarias. Ahondar en las determinaciones, supone un recorrido por situaciones socio-históricas, políticas y culturales de este territorio que hacen mella en las corporalidades, en los modos de comprender los procesos de salud/enfermedad y vivenciarlos.

[A territorial approach to physical exercise and sports in children in Córdoba, Argentina]

The spatial category of epidemiology has been simplified to its minimum expression by modern epidemiology. The proposal is to lend meaning to the spatial category and analyze it based on the recreational conditions for children living within the city limits of Córdoba, Argentina. The study aimed to analyze the perceptions of different actors associated with the lives of municipal schoolchildren concerning the possibilities for physical exercise and sports in a neighborhood territory. A qualitative approach was taken to the analysis of data produced in sub-studies under a framework project, retrieving the discourses of mothers, fathers, teachers, school administrators, health teams, and authorities from the Municipal Department of Education, drawing on the theoretical and analytical categories that allowed conceiving our object of study. The concepts and meanings concerning physical exercise and sports expressed the predominance of the biomedical discourse centered on the "fit" and "healthy", an institutionalization of the "healthy and active lifestyle", an idea of a causal and linear relationship between sports/physical activity and health, an essentialist view lacking a subject in this practice. At the neighborhood level, there are scarce opportunities for recreation, deficient quality and quantity of public spaces and services, and a strong feeling of insecurity. Finally, the structural level underlines a state that is remiss in the definition of an integrated policy for physical exercise and sports for children and for the improvement of public spaces.