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de Araújo GR, de Castro PA, Ávila IR, Bezerra JMT, Barbosa DS. Effects of public health emergencies of international concern on disease control: a systematic review. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2023; 47:e74. [PMID: 37089787 PMCID: PMC10120386 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2023.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the accumulated knowledge of the effects of public health emergencies of international concern on disease control and local health systems, and contribute to a better understanding of their effects on health programs and systems. Methods This was a systematic review of published and gray literature (in English, Portuguese, or Spanish). Electronic databases (BVS/LILACS, PubMed, and SciELO) and Google Scholar were searched. Search terms were: COVID-19 OR H1N1 OR Ebola OR Zika OR poliomyelitis AND (outbreaks OR epidemics) AND (public health systems OR public health surveillance). Results A total of 3 508 studies were retrieved, of which 31 met the inclusion criteria. The studies addressed the effects of the emergencies on: communicable diseases notification systems; malaria, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, and malaria surveillance, control, and treatment; microcephaly; dengue; and vaccinations. The populations affected by the emergencies experienced reduced health services, which included fewer health visits, failures in the diagnostic chain, decrease in vaccination, and increased incidence or underreporting of notifiable diseases. Conclusions Socioeconomic inequity is a determinant of the effects of public health emergencies of international concern within affected populations. The diversion of resources and attention from health authorities disproportionately affects vulnerable populations and can lead, over time, to a weakening of health systems. The analysis of the effects of public health emergencies is important for the development of new protocols that can better respond to future crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Rotondo de Araújo
- Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
| | - Pedro A.S.V. de Castro
- Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
| | - Isabela R. Ávila
- Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
| | - Juliana Maria T. Bezerra
- Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
| | - David S. Barbosa
- Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
- David S. Barbosa,
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Lopez-Apodaca LI, Zarza H, Zamudio-Moreno E, Nuñez-Avellaneda D, Baak-Baak CM, Reyes-Solis GDC, Oswaldo Margarito TC, Peláez-Ballestas I, Roiz D, Suzán G, Roche B, Machain-Williams CI. Molecular survey of Zika virus in the animal-human interface in traditional farming. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1057686. [PMID: 36504864 PMCID: PMC9732010 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1057686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Backyard animal husbandry is common in rural communities in developing countries and, given the conditions in which it occurs, it can increase the risk of disease transmission, such as arboviruses. To determine the presence of the Zika virus (ZIKV) and abundance of its arthropod vectors we evaluated the socioeconomic implications involved in its transmission in two highly vulnerable Mayan communities in the state of Yucatan that practice backyard farming. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out throughout 2016 to understand socioeconomic variables and seasonal patterns in mosquito populations. We selected 20 households from each community. Social exclusion indicators were analyzed, human and domestic animals were sampled, and mosquitoes were collected and identified. Four out of eight indicators of social exclusion were higher than the reported national averages. We captured 5,825 mosquitoes from 16 species being Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti the most abundant. The presence of chickens and human overcrowding in dwellings were the most significant factors (P = 0.026) associated with the presence of Ae. aegypti. Septic tanks (odds ratio = 6.64) and chickens (odds ratio = 27.41) in backyards were the main risk factors associated with the presence of immature states of Ae. aegypti in both communities. Molecular analysis to detect ZIKV was performed in blood samples from 416 humans, 1,068 backyard animals and 381 mosquito pools. Eighteen humans and 10 pig pools tested positive for ZIKV. Forty-three mosquito pools tested positive for flavivirus. Ten of the 43 pools of positive mosquitoes were sequenced, corresponding 3/10 to ZIKV and 1/10 to Dengue virus type 2. The findings obtained indicate the continuous circulation of Flavivirus (including ZIKV) in backyard environments in vulnerable communities, highlighting the importance of studying their transmission and maintenance in these systems, due that backyard animal husbandry is a common practice in these vulnerable communities with limited access to health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ivone Lopez-Apodaca
- Laboratory of Arbovirology, Regional Research Center Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Heliot Zarza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Lerma Unit Metropolitan Autonomous University, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emily Zamudio-Moreno
- Laboratory of Arbovirology, Regional Research Center Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Daniel Nuñez-Avellaneda
- Direction Adjunt of Technological Development, Liaison and Innovation-National Science and Technology Council, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Marcial Baak-Baak
- Laboratory of Arbovirology, Regional Research Center Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico
| | | | - Torres-Chablé Oswaldo Margarito
- Laboratory of Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases DACA-UJAT, Academic Division of Agricultural Sciences, Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | | | - David Roiz
- Infectious Diseases: Vector, Control, Genetic, Ecology and Evolution (MIVEGEC), Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France,International Laboratory Ecosystem, Biological Diversity, Habitat Modifications, and Risk of Emerging Pathogens and Diseases in Mexico (ELDORADO), Mérida, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Suzán
- International Laboratory Ecosystem, Biological Diversity, Habitat Modifications, and Risk of Emerging Pathogens and Diseases in Mexico (ELDORADO), Mérida, Mexico,Laboratory of Disease Ecology and One Health, Department of Ethology and Wildlife, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Benjamin Roche
- Infectious Diseases: Vector, Control, Genetic, Ecology and Evolution (MIVEGEC), Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France,International Laboratory Ecosystem, Biological Diversity, Habitat Modifications, and Risk of Emerging Pathogens and Diseases in Mexico (ELDORADO), Mérida, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ignacio Machain-Williams
- Laboratory of Arbovirology, Regional Research Center Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Mérida, Mexico,*Correspondence: Carlos Ignacio Machain-Williams
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Ángel-Páez JA, Hurtado-Bugna S, Aragón-Mendoza RL, Altman-Restrepo M, Díaz-Yamal IJ, Centanaro-Meza GA. Miller Fisher syndrome treated with plasmapheresis during pregnancy: Case report and review of the literature. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE OBSTETRICIA Y GINECOLOGÍA 2021; 72:210-218. [PMID: 34506707 PMCID: PMC8425356 DOI: 10.18597/rcog.3611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objetivo: Reportar el caso de una paciente gestante con síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) presentado en la variante denominada síndrome de Miller Fisher (SMF), y realizar una revisión en torno al diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico de esta variedad de SGB durante la gestación. Materiales y métodos: Se presenta el caso de una gestante de 27 semanas con síndrome de Miller Fisher, quien fue tratada con plasmaféresis en un hospital militar de referencia, con evolución satisfactoria a los 15 días y continuación normal del embarazo, parto a las 38 semanas con recién nacido sano. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en bases de datos electrónicas: Medline vía PubMed, Lilacs, SciELO, ScienceDirect, Ovid, con los términos “Embarazo”, “Síndrome de Miller Fisher”, “Síndrome de Guillain-Barré”. Se incluyeron cohortes, series y reportes de casos de mujeres gestantes con síndrome de Miller Fisher; se extrajo información sobre los métodos diagnósticos, el tratamiento utilizado y el pronóstico materno y perinatal. La búsqueda se hizo en junio de 2020, sin restricción por fecha, pero sí por tipo de idioma (español e inglés). Resultados: Se identificaron 423 títulos, tres estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, los tres correspondieron a reportes de caso. Todos los casos mostraron seropositividad para antigangliósidos GQ1b positivos; en ningún caso hubo alteración imagenológica. Dos pacientes recibieron inmunoglobulina intravenosa y la tercera paciente se dejó en observación. Hasta el momento no se documentan complicaciones obstétricas. Conclusión: Existen pocos casos reportados de SMF durante la gestación, el diagnóstico se basa en el examen clínico; el tratamiento con inmunoglobulina IV representa la alternativa utilizada con mayor frecuencia. En el caso presentado se utilizó la plasmaféresis. Se desconoce el impacto de la variedad del síndrome de Miller Fisher sobre el curso normal de la gestación y sobre los resultados perinatales a largo plazo. Se requieren más estudios que aborden el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el pronóstico de esta entidad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Andrés Ángel-Páez
- Médico residente Ginecología y Obstetricia, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá (Colombia).
| | - Silvana Hurtado-Bugna
- Médica residente Ginecología y Obstetricia, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá (Colombia).
| | | | - Marcela Altman-Restrepo
- Médico ginecobstetra, especialista Medicina Materno Fetal, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá (Colombia).
| | - Ivonne Jeannette Díaz-Yamal
- Médico ginecobstetra, especialista en Medicina Reproductiva, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá (Colombia). Docente titular Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá (Colombia).
| | - Gabriel Adolfo Centanaro-Meza
- Médico, especialista en Neurología Clínica, doctor en Bioética, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá. (Colombia). Docente titular Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia.
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