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Scelza MFZ, Tavares SJO, Scelza P, Ramos GS, Lima Aboud LRD, Piasecki L, Leite PEC, Silva JDD, Soares-Lima SC, Alves GG. A three-dimensional cell culture approach to investigate cytotoxic effects and production of inflammatory mediators by epoxy resin-based and calcium silicate-based endodontic sealer. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:344. [PMID: 38809444 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess the cytocompatibility of epoxy resin-based AH Plus Jet (Dentsply De Trey, Konstanz, Germany), Sealer Plus (MK Life, Porto Alegre, Brazil), calcium silicate-based Bio-C Sealer (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil), Sealer Plus BC (MK Life) and AH Plus BC (Dentsply) through a tridimensional (3D) culture model of human osteoblast-like cells. METHODS Spheroids of MG-63 cells were produced and exposed to fresh root canal sealers extracts by 24 h, and the cytotoxicity was assessed by the Lactate Dehydrogenase assay (LDH). The distribution of dead cells within the microtissue was assessed by fluorescence microscopy, and morphological effects were investigated by histological analysis. The secreted inflammatory mediators were detected in cell supernatants through flow luminometry (XMap Luminex). RESULTS Cells incubated with AH Plus Jet, AH Plus BC, Sealer Plus BC and Bio-C Sealer extracts showed high rates of cell viability, while the Sealer Plus induced a significant reduction of cell viability, causing reduction on the spheroid structure. Sealer Plus and Seaker Plus BC caused alterations on 3D microtissue morphology. The AH Plus BC extract was associated with the downregulation of secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-5, IL-7, IP-10 and RANTES. CONCLUSIONS The new AH Plus BC calcium silicate-based endodontic sealer did not reduce cell viability in vitro, while led to the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Choosing the appropriate endodontic sealer is a crucial step. AH Plus BC demonstrated high cell viability and downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, appearing reliable for clinical use, while Sealer Plus presented lower cytocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam F Z Scelza
- Post-graduation Program in Dentistry of Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói,, RJ, Brazil.
- Department of Endodontics, Laboratory of Experimental Culture Cell (LECCel), Faculty of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Sandro J O Tavares
- Post-graduation Program in Dentistry of Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói,, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Endodontics, Laboratory of Experimental Culture Cell (LECCel), Faculty of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pantaleo Scelza
- Geriatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry of Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel S Ramos
- Undergraduate of Faculty of Biology Science, Fluminense Federal University, 24210-201, RJ, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Lucila Piasecki
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, University at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Paulo Emílio C Leite
- Clinical Research Unit of the Antonio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Dornelas da Silva
- Clinical Research Unit of the Antonio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Niterói, Brazil
- NanoOnco3D, RJ, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Sheila Coelho Soares-Lima
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program of National Cancer Institute (INCA), 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, André Cavalcante Street, no 37, Brazil
| | - Gutemberg G Alves
- Clinical Research Unit of the Antonio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Niterói, Brazil
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Niterói, Brazil
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Malta CP, Santi SS, Barcelos RCS, Zanatta FB, Bier CAS, Morgental RD. Premixed calcium silicate-based root canal sealers have better biological properties than AH Plus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vivo animal studies and in vitro laboratory studies. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:345-359. [PMID: 38779200 PMCID: PMC11108423 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_24_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Objectives The aim was to determine whether premixed calcium silicate-based root canal sealers have better biological properties than AH Plus. Materials and Methods Searches of studies published up to January 2023 were performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE and via other methods (databases of the International Endodontic Journal, Journal of Endodontics, and gray literature). The inclusion criteria were in vivo animal and in vitro studies that analyzed the response in the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of rats, cell viability, and genotoxicity. Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias (RoB) tool for in vivo studies and modified CONSORT checklist for in vitro were appraised. Meta-analysis was performed using the Stata. Results Fifty-two studies were included. In the RoB, in vivo studies fulfilled 20%-50% of the items and in vitro 60%-100%. The studies included in the meta-analysis demonstrated better histocompatibility with the premixed calcium silicate-based sealers at 30 days and greater cell viability with these sealers when used in undiluted extracts in experimental period of 72 h and in extracts with 1:2 and 1:4 dilution in 24 and 72 h. In contrast, no difference between materials was found concerning genotoxicity. Conclusion Premixed calcium silicate-based root canal sealers have better histocompatibility and are less cytotoxic than the epoxy resin-based sealer AH Plus, demonstrating favorable biological behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Pereira Malta
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Samantha Simoni Santi
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Fabrício Batistin Zanatta
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Sychrová E, Yawer A, Labohá P, Basu A, Dydowiczová A, Virmani I, Babica P, Sovadinová I. In vitro testicular toxicity of environmentally relevant endocrine-disrupting chemicals: 2D vs. 3D models of prepubertal Leydig TM3 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 93:103869. [PMID: 35550872 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The testis is a priority organ for developing alternative models to assess male reproductive health hazards of chemicals. This study characterized a 3D in vitro model of murine prepubertal Leydig TM3 cells with improved expression of steroidogenesis markers suitable for image-based screening of testicular toxicity. This 3D scaffold-free spheroid model was applied to explore the impact of prototypical endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and environmental reprotoxicants (benzo[a]pyrene, 2- and 9-methylanthracenes, fluoranthene, triclosan, triclocarban, methoxychlor) on male reproductive health. The results were compared to the male reprotoxicity potential of EDCs assessed in a traditional monolayer (2D) culture. The testicular toxicity was dependent not only on the type of culture (2D vs. 3D models) but also on the duration of exposure. Benzo[a]pyrene and triclocarban were the most active compounds, eliciting cytotoxic effects in prepubertal Leydig cells at low micromolar concentrations, which might be a mechanism contributing to their male reprotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Sychrová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Affiefa Yawer
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Labohá
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Amrita Basu
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Aneta Dydowiczová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ishita Virmani
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Babica
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Iva Sovadinová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
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El Hamoui O, Saydé T, Svahn I, Gudin A, Gontier E, Le Coustumer P, Verget J, Barthélémy P, Gaudin K, Battu S, Lespes G, Alies B. Nucleoside-Derived Low-Molecular-Weight Gelators as a Synthetic Microenvironment for 3D Cell Culture. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3387-3398. [PMID: 35772731 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
For the last few decades, many efforts have been made in developing cell culture methods in order to overcome the biological limitations of the conventional two-dimensional culture. This paradigm shift is driven by a large amount of new hydrogel-based systems for three-dimensional culture, among other systems, since they are known to mimic some living tissue properties. One class of hydrogel precursors has received interest in the field of biomaterials, low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs). In comparison to polymer gels, LMWG gels are formed by weak interactions upon an external trigger between the molecular subunits, giving them the ability to reverse the gelation, thus showing potential for many applications of practical interest. This study presents the use of the nucleoside derivative subclass of LMWGs, which are glyco-nucleo-bola-amphiphiles, as a proof of concept of a 3D cell culture scaffold. Physicochemical characterization was performed in order to reach the optimal features to fulfill the requirements of the cell culture microenvironment, in terms of the mechanical properties, architecture, molecular diffusion, porosity, and experimental practicality. The retained conditions were tested by culturing glioblastoma cells for over a month. The cell viability, proliferation, and spatial organization showed during the experiments demonstrate the proof of concept of nucleoside-derived LMWGs as a soft 3D cell culture scaffold. One of the hydrogels tested permits cell proliferation and spheroidal organization over the entire culture time. These systems offer many advantages as they consume very few matters within the optimal range of viscoelasticity for cell culture, and the thermoreversibility of these hydrogels permits their use with few instruments. The LMWG-based scaffold for the 3D cell culture presented in this study unlocked the ability to grow spheroids from patient cells to reach personalized therapies by dramatically reducing the variability of the lattice used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar El Hamoui
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.,Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (E2S/UPPA) CNRS UMR 5254, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex, France
| | - Tarek Saydé
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.,Université de Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308 CAPTuR, Faculté de Médecine, 87025 Limoges, France
| | - Isabelle Svahn
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, Bordeaux Imaging Center, BIC, UMS 3420, US 4, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Antoine Gudin
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Etienne Gontier
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, Bordeaux Imaging Center, BIC, UMS 3420, US 4, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Le Coustumer
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (E2S/UPPA) CNRS UMR 5254, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex, France.,Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, Bordeaux Imaging Center, BIC, UMS 3420, US 4, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Verget
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Barthélémy
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Karen Gaudin
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Serge Battu
- Université de Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308 CAPTuR, Faculté de Médecine, 87025 Limoges, France
| | - Gaëtane Lespes
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (E2S/UPPA) CNRS UMR 5254, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex, France
| | - Bruno Alies
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
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Aminoshariae A, Primus C, Kulild JC. Tricalcium silicate cement sealers. J Am Dent Assoc 2022; 153:750-760. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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de Oliveira PY, Lacerda MFLS, Maranduba CMDC, Rettore JVP, Vieira LQ, Ribeiro AP. The response of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to endodontic materials. Braz Dent J 2022; 33:33-43. [PMID: 35508034 PMCID: PMC9645149 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202204786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
An endodontic material must be minimally harmful to stem cells since they are essential, thanks to their capacity for cell proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation. For this reason, in this in vitro study, the cell viability and the expression of genes involved in cell plasticity and differentiation were investigated in stem cells recovered from human dental pulp (hDPSCs) that were in contact with four endodontic materials (Endofill, MTA, Pulp Canal Sealer, and Sealer 26). The viability of HDPSCs was assessed by MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays. PCR evaluated cellular plasticity by determining the CD34, CD45, Nestin, CD105, Nanog, and OCT4 expressions. The effect on cell differentiation was determined by RT-PCR expression of the RUNX2, ALP, OC/BGLAP, and DMP1 genes. The data were analyzed using ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (p <0.05). Pulp Canal Sealer and Endofill decreased cell viability after 48 hours (p <0.001). MTA and Sealer 26 did not disrupt cell viability (p> 0.05). When cultivated in the presence of MTA and Sealer 26, hDPSCs expressed Nestin, CD105, NANOG, and OCT-4 and did not express CD34 and CD45. MTA and Sealer 26 interfered with DMP1, OC/BGLAP and RUNX2 expressions (p <0.05) but did not change ALP gene expression (p> 0.05). MTA and Sealer 26 showed biological compatibility in the presence of hDPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Yanne de Oliveira
- Department of Operative Denstistry, School of Dentistry,
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - João Vitor Paes Rettore
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences,
Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Leda Quercia Vieira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological
Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Antônio Paulino Ribeiro
- Department of Operative Denstistry, School of Dentistry,
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Influence of Commonly Used Endodontic Irrigants on the Setting Time and Metal Composition of Various Base Endodontic Sealers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:polym14010027. [PMID: 35012047 PMCID: PMC8747268 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate if commonly used endodontic irrigants such as 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, Prime Dental, Thane, India), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX, Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA), and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, Meta-Biomed Co. Ltd., Cheongju-si, South Korea) influenced the setting time and metal composition of different base endodontic sealers on exposure. AH Plus (Dentsply De Trey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), Sealapex (SybronEndo, Orange, CA, USA), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Fillapex (Angelus Soluções Odontológicas, Londrina, Brazil), and Tubli-Seal (Kerr Dental, Orange, CA, USA) were selected as the different base representatives of endodontic sealers. These sealers were exposed to 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 17% EDTA, and the individual setting time of the sealers was analyzed. The samples were analyzed for heavy metal elements such as chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and beryllium (Be) by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s tests were used. All selected sealers showed variation in setting time post-exposure to different irrigants. MTA Fillapex had the shortest mean setting time (215.7 min, post-exposure at 187.3 min) (p < 0.05). Mean setting time was also affected for AH Plus (479.6 min, post-exposure at 423.9 min) (p < 0.05) and Tubli-Seal (514.7 min, post-exposure at 465.2 min) (p < 0.05). Sealapex showed the maximum reduction of setting time (864.8 min, post-exposure at 673.4 min) (p < 0.05). All tested sealers showed heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Co, Cd, As, Hg, and Pb) in their composition, and the quantities were influenced by interaction with different irrigants. The heavy metal Be was not seen in any of the samples. Sealapex showed the longest setting time in comparison to other test sealers. Heavy metals were most present in Sealapex, followed by AH Plus, Tubli-Seal, and MTA Fillapex. MTA Fillapex was seen to have the shortest setting time, and heavy metal composition was least affected on interaction with different commonly used endodontic irrigants. Further, this study provides significant insight into the influence of different endodontic irrigants on interaction with different base endodontic sealers, which has not been reported previously, and future studies should emphasize endodontic irrigant-sealer interactions and their possible effects in the long run.
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Benetti F, Gomes-Filho JE, de Azevedo-Queiroz IO, Carminatti M, Conti LC, Dos Reis-Prado AH, de Oliveira SHP, Ervolino E, Dezan-Júnior E, Cintra LTA. Biological assessment of a new ready-to-use hydraulic sealer. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e21. [PMID: 34123757 PMCID: PMC8170373 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study compared the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and tenascin immunolabeling of a new ready-to-use hydraulic sealer (Bio-C Sealer) with MTA-Fillapex and white MTA-Angelus. Materials and Methods L929 fibroblasts were cultivated and exposed to undiluted and diluted material extracts. Polyethylene tubes with or without (the control) the materials were implanted into the dorsa of rats. At 7 days and 30 days, the rats were euthanized, and the specimens were prepared for analysis; inflammation and immunolabeling were measured, and statistical analysis was performed (p < 0.05). Results MTA-Fillapex exhibited greater cytotoxicity than the other materials at all time points (p < 0.05). The undiluted Bio-C Sealer exhibited greater cytocompatibility at 6 and 48 hours than white MTA-Angelus, with higher cell viability than in the control (p < 0.05). White MTA-Angelus displayed higher cell viability than the control at 24 hours, and the one-half dilution displayed similar results at both 6 and 48 hours (p < 0.05). At 7 days and 30 days, the groups exhibited moderate inflammation with thick fibrous capsules and mild inflammation with thin fibrous capsules, respectively (p > 0.05). At 7 days, moderate to strong immunolabeling was observed (p > 0.05). After 30 days, the control and MTA-Fillapex groups exhibited strong immunolabeling, the white MTA-Angelus group exhibited moderate immunolabeling (p > 0.05), and the Bio-C Sealer group exhibited low-to-moderate immunolabeling, differing significantly from the control (p < 0.05). Conclusions Bio-C Sealer and white MTA-Angelus exhibited greater cytocompatibility than MTA-Fillapex; all materials displayed adequate biocompatibility and induced tenascin immunolabeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Benetti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - India Olinta de Azevedo-Queiroz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Carminatti
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Citelli Conti
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Elói Dezan-Júnior
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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Biocompatibility assessment of resin-based cements on vascularized dentin/pulp tissue-engineered analogues. Dent Mater 2021; 37:914-927. [PMID: 33691992 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A three-dimensional (3D) dentin/pulp tissue analogue, resembling the human natural tissue has been engineered in an in vitro setup, aiming to assess the cytocompatibility of resin-based dental restorative cements. METHODS Stem Cells from Apical Papilla (SCAP) and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) were embedded in Collagen-I/Fibrin hydrogels at 1:3 ratio within 24-well plates. Hanging culture inserts were placed over the hydrogels, housing an odontoblast-like cell layer and a human treated-dentin barrier. Shear modulus of the hydrogels at 3.5 and 5 mg/ml was evaluated by dynamic mechanical analysis. Eluates of two resin-based cements, a dual-cure- (Breeze™, Pentron: Cement-1/C1), and a self-adhesive cement (SpeedCEMplus™, Ivoclar-Vivadent: Cement-2/C2) were applied into the dentin/pulp tissue analogue after pre-stimulation with LPS. Cytocompatibility was assessed by MTT assay, live/dead staining and real-time PCR analysis. RESULTS Both hydrogel concentrations showed similar shear moduli to the natural pulp until day (D) 7, while the 5 mg/ml-hydrogel substantially increased stiffness by D14. Both cements caused no significant toxicity to the dentin/pulp tissue analogue. C1 induced stimulation (p < 0.01) of cell viability (158 ± 3%, 72 h), while pre-stimulation with LPS attenuated this effect. C2 (±LPS) caused minor reduction of viability (15-20%, 24 h) that recovered at 72 h for the LPS+ group. Both cements caused upregulation of VEGF, ANGP-1, and downregulation of the respective receptors VEGFR-2 and Tie-1. SIGNIFICANCE Both resin-based cements showed good cytocompatibility and triggered angiogenic response within the dentin/pulp tissue analogue, indicating initiation of pulp repair responses to the released xenobiotics.
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Almeida MM, Rodrigues CT, Matos AA, Carvalho KKT, Silva EJNL, Duarte MAH, Oliveira RC, Bernardineli N. Analysis of the physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and volumetric changes of AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and TotalFill BC Sealer. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e1058-e1065. [PMID: 33262872 PMCID: PMC7680565 DOI: 10.4317/jced.57527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity of AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and TotalFill BC Sealer. Volumetric changes were also evaluating using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).
Material and Methods Radiopacity and flow were evaluated in accordance with the ISO 6876, while setting time was evaluated in accordance with the ASTM- C266-08 specifications. The release of Ca2+ ions and pH were measured with spectrophotometer and pH meter, respectively, after different time intervals (1h, 3h, 24h, 72h, 168h, and 360h). Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT reduction assay to check 3T3 cells viability at 24, 48 and 72 hours. Volumetric change was evaluated by micro-CT, by using 30 acrylic teeth, filled with gutta-percha cones and the tested root canal sealer. The samples were evaluated after 168h, 360h and 720h of immersion in distilled water. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test or by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (P<0.05).
Results MTA Fillapex and TotalFill BC Sealer showed lower radiopacity than AH Plus (P<0.05). The MTA Fillapex showed the highest flow, while AH Plus showed the lowest flow (P<0.05). The initial and final setting time of AH Plus were lower than MTA Fillapex and TotalFill BC Sealer (P<0.05). In general, TotalFill BC Sealer presented higher Ca2+ ion release and pH than the other tested sealers. TotalFill BC Sealer also showed overall lower cytotoxicity when compared to the other sealers. Volumetric change of AH Plus and TotalFill BC Sealer was lower than MTA Fillapex (P<0.05).
Conclusions AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and TotalFill BC Sealer showed slight differences in the physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity, but all suitable for an endodontic sealer. However, AH Plus and TotalFill BC Sealer showed low volumetric changes when compared to MTA Fillapex. Key words:Calcium silicate, cytotoxicity, physicochemical properties, micro computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela-Milanezi Almeida
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clarissa-Teles Rodrigues
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana-Arruda Matos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kleber-Kildare-Teodoro Carvalho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marco-Antonio-Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo-Cardoso Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Norberti Bernardineli
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Peterson NC, Mahalingaiah PK, Fullerton A, Di Piazza M. Application of microphysiological systems in biopharmaceutical research and development. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:697-708. [PMID: 31967156 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00962k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Within the last 10 years, several tissue microphysiological systems (MPS) have been developed and characterized for retention of morphologic characteristics and specific gene/protein expression profiles from their natural in vivo state. Once developed, their utility is typically further tested by comparing responses to known toxic small-molecule pharmaceuticals in efforts to develop strategies for further toxicity testing of compounds under development. More recently, application of this technology in biopharmaceutical (large molecules) development is beginning to be more appreciated. In this review, we describe some of the advances made for tissue-specific MPS and outline the advantages and challenges of applying and further developing MPS technology in preclinical biopharmaceutical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman C Peterson
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, AstraZeneca, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | | | | | - Matteo Di Piazza
- Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
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12
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Mestieri LB, Zaccara IM, Pinheiro LS, Barletta FB, Kopper PMP, Grecca FS. Cytocompatibility and cell proliferation evaluation of calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers. Restor Dent Endod 2019; 45:e2. [PMID: 32110532 PMCID: PMC7030964 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2020.45.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the cell viability and migration of Endosequence Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer (BC Sealer) compared to MTA Fillapex and AH Plus. Materials and Methods BC Sealer, MTA Fillapex, and AH Plus were placed in contact with culture medium to obtain sealers extracts in dilution 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4. 3T3 cells were plated and exposed to the extracts. Cell viability and migration were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Scratch assay, respectively. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test (p < 0.05). Results The MTT assay revealed greater cytotoxicity for AH Plus and MTA Fillapex at 1:1 dilution when compared to control (p < 0.05). At 1:2 and 1:4 dilutions, all sealers were similar to control (p > 0.05) and MTA Fillapex was more cytotoxic than BC Sealer (p < 0.05). Scratch assay demonstrated the continuous closure of the wound according to time. At 30 hours, the control group presented closure of the wound (p < 0.05). At 36 hours, only BC Sealer presented the closure when compared to AH Plus and MTA Fillapex (p < 0.05). At 42 hours, AH Plus and MTA Fillapex showed a wound healing (p > 0.05). Conclusions All tested sealers demonstrated cell viability highlighting BC Sealer, which showed increased cell migration capacity suggesting that this sealer may achieve better tissue repair when compared to other tested sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Boldrin Mestieri
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivana Maria Zaccara
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Maria Polli Kopper
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Soares Grecca
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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13
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Biocompatibility and Mineralization Activity of Three Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers Compared to Conventional Resin-Based Sealer in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12152482. [PMID: 31387241 PMCID: PMC6696455 DOI: 10.3390/ma12152482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the cytotoxic effects and mineralization activity of three calcium silicate-based root canal sealers to those of a conventional resin-based sealer. Experiments were performed using human dental pulp stem cells grown in a monolayer culture. The root canal sealers tested in this study were EndoSequence BC Sealer (Brasseler), BioRoot RCS (Septodont), Endoseal MTA (Maruchi), and AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey). Experimental disks 6 mm in diameter and 3 mm in height were made and stored in a 100% humidity chamber at 37 °C for 72 h to achieve setting. The cytotoxicity of various root canal sealers was evaluated using a methyl-thiazoldiphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. To evaluate cell migration ability, a scratch wound healing method was used, and images of the scratch area were taken using a phase-contrast microscope. Cell morphology was evaluated by a scanning electron microscope after direct exposure for 72 h to each sealer disk. In the cell viability assay, there were no significant differences between the EndoSequence BC, BioRoot RCS, Endoseal MTA, and control groups in any experimental period (p > 0.05). In the cell migration assay, there were no significant differences between the EndoSequence BC, Endoseal MTA, and control groups in any experimental period (p > 0.05). BioRoot RCS exhibited slower cell migration relative to EndoSequence BC and Endoseal MTA for up to 72 h (p < 0.05). Conversely, it showed a similar wound healing percentage at 96 h (p > 0.05). In an evaluation of cell morphology, cells in direct contact with EndoSequence BC, BioRoot RCS, and Endoseal MTA disks showed superior spreading compared to those in contact with the AH Plus disk. In an Alizarin red staining assay, EndoSequence BC, BioRoot RCS, and Endoseal MTA showed a significant increase in mineralized nodule formation compared to the AH Plus group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, all calcium silicate-based root canal sealers tested in this study showed good biological properties and mineralization activity compared to conventional resin-based sealer.
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14
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Benetti F, Queiroz ÍODA, Cosme-Silva L, Conti LC, Oliveira SHPD, Cintra LTA. Cytotoxicity, Biocompatibility and Biomineralization of a New Ready-for-Use Bioceramic Repair Material. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:325-332. [PMID: 31340221 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201902457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) formulations are constantly introduced in the market, usually in a powder-and-liquid form. Bioceramic (Bio-C) Repair is a ready-for-use material suggested as substitute for MTA, but its properties need to be studied. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and biomineralization of Bio-C Repair compared to MTA Repair High-Plasticity (MTA-HP) and white MTA-Angelus (MTA-Ang). L929 fibroblasts were exposed to material-extracted (undiluted, ½ and ¼ dilutions; 6, 24 and 48h). Polyethylene tubes with material or empty (control) were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. After 7 and 30 days (n=8), the specimens were removed for analysis (hematoxylin-eosin, von Kossa and polarized light). Cytotoxicity data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA, and biocompatibility data by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p<0.05). The cells exposed to the materials had greater viability at most of the periods compared with control (p<0.05). The undiluted and ½ dilutions of MTA-HP extract showed higher cytocompatibility than Bio-C Repair at 6 h and with the ¼ dilution at 24 h (p<0.05); the white MTA-Ang showed higher cytocompatibility than Bio-C Repair at most of periods (p<0.05). The undiluted white MTA-Ang extract had higher cytocompatibility at 6 and 24h than MTA-HP, and with ½ dilution at 24h (p<0.05). The materials' cytocompatibility was similar at 48h for most dilutions (p>0.05). At 7 and 30 days, the groups had moderate and mild inflammation, respectively (p>0.05). All materials showed positive structures for von Kossa and polarized light. In conclusion, Bio-C Repair had similar cytocompatibility to MTA-based materials is biocompatible and induces biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Benetti
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Leopoldo Cosme-Silva
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia Citelli Conti
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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15
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Benetti F, de Azevedo Queiroz ÍO, Oliveira PHCD, Conti LC, Azuma MM, Oliveira SHPD, Cintra LTA. Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of a new bioceramic endodontic sealer containing calcium hydroxide. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e042. [PMID: 31508725 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of a new bioceramic endodontic sealer (i.e., Sealer Plus BC) in comparison with those of MTA Fillapex and AH Plus. L929 fibroblasts were cultured and Alamar Blue was used to evaluate cell viability of diluted extracts (1:50, 1:100, and 1:200) from each sealer at 24 h. Polyethylene tubes that were filled with material or empty (as a control) were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. The rats were killed after 7 and 30 d (n = 8), and the tubes were removed for histological analysis. Parametric data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test, and nonparametric data was analyzed via the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn test (p < 0.05). A reduction in cell viability was observed in the extracts that were more diluted for Sealer Plus BC when compared to that of Control and AH Plus (p < 0.05). However, the 1:50 dilution of the Sealer Plus BC was similar to that of the Control (p > 0.05). Conversely, more diluted extracts of MTA Fillapex (1:200) and AH Plus (1:100 and 1:200) were similar to the Control (p > 0.05). Histological analysis performed at 7 d did not indicate any significant difference between tissue response for all materials, and the fibrous capsule was thick (p > 0.05). At 30 d, Sealer Plus BC was similar to the Control (p > 0.05) and MTA Fillapex and AH Plus exhibited greater inflammation than the Control (p < 0.05). The fibrous capsule was thin for the Control and for most specimens of Sealer Plus BC and AH Plus. Thus, Sealer Plus BC is biocompatible when compared to MTA Fillapex and AH Plus, and it is less cytotoxic when less-diluted extracts are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Benetti
- Departament of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Estaudal Paulista - Unesp, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leticia Citelli Conti
- Departament of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Estaudal Paulista - Unesp, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariane Maffei Azuma
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, aMI, USA
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16
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Endodontic sealers based on calcium silicates: a systematic review. Odontology 2018; 107:421-436. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-018-0400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Vouzara T, Dimosiari G, Koulaouzidou EA, Economides N. Cytotoxicity of a New Calcium Silicate Endodontic Sealer. J Endod 2018; 44:849-852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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