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Garcia MT, Namba AM, do Carmo PHF, Pedroso LLC, de Lima PMN, Gonçale JC, Junqueira JC. Antimicrobial effects of surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) eluate against oral microcosm biofilm. BIOFOULING 2024; 40:390-401. [PMID: 38945827 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2024.2371817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the antimicrobial activity of surface pre-reacted glass ionomer eluate (S-PRG) against oral microcosm biofilms collected from the oral cavity of patients. Dental biofilm samples were collected from three volunteers to form microcosm biofilms in vitro. Initially, screening tests were carried out to determine the biofilm treatment conditions with S-PRG eluate. The effects of a daily treatment for 5 min using three microcosm biofilms from different patients was then evaluated. For this, biofilms were formed on tooth enamel specimens for 120 h. Biofilms treated with 100% S-PRG for 5 min per day for 5 days showed a reduction in the number of total microorganisms, streptococci and mutans streptococci. SEM images confirmed a reduction in the biofilm after treatment. Furthermore, S-PRG also reduced lactic acid production. It was concluded that S-PRG eluate reduced the microbial load and lactic acid production in oral microcosm biofilms, reinforcing its promising use as a mouthwash agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Terra Garcia
- Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Andressa Mayumi Namba
- Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Fonseca do Carmo
- Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Lara Luise Castro Pedroso
- Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Michele Nagai de Lima
- Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Juliana Caparroz Gonçale
- Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Juliana Campos Junqueira
- Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, Brazil
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Braga AS, Rafaela Ricci K, Magalhães AC. Effect of anaerobic or/and microaerophilic atmosphere on microcosm biofilm formation and tooth demineralization. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20220445. [PMID: 37283356 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Microcosm biofilms can reproduce the complexity of a dental biofilm. However, different forms of cultivation have been used. The impact of the culture atmosphere on the development of microcosm biofilms and their potential to cause tooth demineralization has not yet been deeply studied. This study analyzes the effects of three experimental cultivation models (microaerophile vs. anaerobiosis vs. experimental mixed) on the colony-forming units (CFU) of the cariogenic microorganisms and tooth demineralization. METHODOLOGY 90 bovine enamel and 90 dentin specimens were distributed into different atmospheres: 1) microaerophilia (5 days, 5% CO2); 2) anaerobiosis (5 days, jar); 3) mixed (2 days microaerophilia and 3 days anaerobiosis), which were treated with 0.12% chlorhexidine (positive control - CHX) or Phosphate-Buffered Saline (negative control - PBS) (n=15). Human saliva and McBain's saliva containing 0.2% sucrose were used for microcosm biofilm formation, for 5 days. From the second day to the end of the experiment, the specimens were treated with CHX or PBS (1x1 min/day). Colony-forming units (CFU) were counted, and tooth demineralization was analyzed using transverse microradiography (TMR). Data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's or Sidak's test (p<0.05). RESULTS CHX was able to reduce total microorganism's CFU compared to PBS (differences of 0.3-1.48 log10 CFU/mL), except for anaerobiosis and microaerophilia in enamel and dentin biofilm, respectively. In the case of dentin, no effect of CHX on Lactobacillus spp. was observed. CHX significantly reduced enamel demineralization compared to PBS (78% and 22% reductions for enamel and dentin, respectively). Enamel mineral loss did not differ when compared with the other atmospheres; however, the enamel lesion depth was greater under anaerobiosis. Dentin mineral loss was lower under anaerobiosis when compared with the other atmospheres. CONCLUSION The type of atmosphere has, in general, little influence on the cariogenic ability of the microcosm biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Silva Braga
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - Kim Rafaela Ricci
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - Ana Carolina Magalhães
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Bauru, SP, Brasil
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Malik Z, Muhammad N, Kaleem M, Nayyar M, Qazi AS, Butt DQ, Safi SZ, Khan AS. Anticariogenic and Mechanical Characteristics of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Containing Lignin-Decorated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:425-435. [PMID: 36700919 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to synthesize and characterize lignin-decorated zinc oxide nanoparticles before incorporating them into resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) to improve their anticariogenic potential and mechanical properties (shear bond strength and microhardness). Probe sonication was used to synthesize lignin-decorated zinc oxide nanoparticles which were then characterized via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Following characterization, these were incorporated in RMGIC (Gold label, Fuji II LC). Three major groups, experimental group A (EGA), experimental group B (EGB), and control group (CG), were outlined. EGA and EGB were divided into numbered subgroups based on the ascending concentrations of nanoparticles (5, 10, and 15%) of lignin-coated zinc oxide and zinc-oxide, respectively. CG served as a control and comprised cured RMGIC samples without any incorporation. Anticariogenic analysis was conducted on experimental RMGIC samples via disk-diffusion (n = 3) and direct contact test (n = 3) against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175). Optical density values for days 1, 3, and 5 were recorded via a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. A shear bond strength test was performed using 35 premolars. The adhesive remnant index was used to estimate the site of bond failure. For the Vickers microhardness test (n = 3), 100 g of load at 10 s dwell time was set. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was performed over 28 days to determine the release of zinc from the samples. All tests were analyzed statistically. The anticariogenic potential of EGA and EGB was significantly greater (p ≤ 0.05) than that of the control. The shear bond strength test reported the highest value for EGA15 with all groups exhibiting failure at the bracket/RMGIC interface. The microhardness of EGA15 yielded the highest value (p ≤ 0.05). Release kinetics displayed a steady release with EGB15 exhibiting the highest value. The EGA and EGB samples displayed good anticariogenic potential, which was sustained for 28 days without any deleterious effect on the shear bond strength and microhardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuleikha Malik
- Department of Dental Materials, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan.,Department of Dental Materials, Dental College HITEC-IMS, Taxila Cantt 47070, Pakistan
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25100, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kaleem
- Department of Dental Materials, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Maleeha Nayyar
- Department of Dental Materials, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Asma Saleem Qazi
- Department of Biological Science, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Danial Qasim Butt
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 15200, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sher Zaman Safi
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Samad Khan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
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Guimarães Silva Vasconcelos P, Medeiros de Almeida Maia C, Mendes de Vasconcelos V, Paolla Raimundo E Silva J, Fechine Tavares J, Vieira Pereira J, Wanderley Cavalcanti Y, Maria Melo de Brito Costa E. In vitro inhibition of a multispecies oral cavity biofilm by Syzygium aromaticum essential oil. Gerodontology 2021; 39:366-373. [PMID: 34633113 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-fungal activity of Syzygium aromaticum essential oil and its inhibition of a multispecies biofilm in patients with oral candidiasis. BACKGROUND Inhibiting biofilm formation on the denture surface is an important practice for preventing denture stomatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-fungal activity against Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species was evaluated through the microdilution method to define Minimal Inhibitory (MIC) and Fungicidal (MFC) Concentrations. Time-kill assay assessed growth kinetics of C. albicans based on pre-determined time points (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours). A multi-species biofilm was formed using human saliva from patients with oral candidiasis and anti-biofilm activity determined by Colony Forming Units per milliliter (CFU/mL) count, fluorescence microscopy with calcofluor white to observe yeast presence and structure, and metabolic activity by XTT (2,3-Bis-(2Methoxy-4-Nitro-5-Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay. RESULTS The essential oil showed an anti-fungal activity against all Candida species (MIC 500-1000 µg/mL, MFC 1000-2000 µg/mL), and the time-kill assay showed that 2000 µg/mL (from 2 hours onward) and 1000 µg/mL (from 4 hours onward) concentrations had substantially lower yeast growth than the negative control. In the biofilm analysis, the essential oil had a lower CFU/mL count and a biofilm metabolic activity (91.4%) than seen with its negative control, and in both analyses, the essential oil was not significantly different from the positive control (chlorhexidine). Morphological analysis showed amorphous and fragmented cellular structures after treatment with the essential oil. CONCLUSION Syzygium aromaticum essential oil had anti-fungal activities, reduced the Candida growth kinetics substantially and inhibited the multi-species biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Josean Fechine Tavares
- Multi-user laboratory for Characterization and Analysis, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti
- Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
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Ribeiro CS, Perez MM, Benitez-Sellan PL, Guaré RDO, Bresciani E, Diniz MB. Initial Mechanical Stabilization of Conventional Glass Ionomer Cements with Different Active Principles. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2021.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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