1
|
Salimi M, Channab BE, El Idrissi A, Zahouily M, Motamedi E. A comprehensive review on starch: Structure, modification, and applications in slow/controlled-release fertilizers in agriculture. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 322:121326. [PMID: 37839830 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
This comprehensive review thoroughly examines starch's structure, modifications, and applications in slow/controlled-release fertilizers (SRFs) for agricultural purposes. The review begins by exploring starch's unique structure and properties, providing insights into its molecular arrangement and physicochemical characteristics. Various methods of modifying starch, including physical, chemical, and enzymatic techniques, are discussed, highlighting their ability to impart desirable properties such as controlled release and improved stability. The review then focuses on the applications of starch in the development of SRFs. It emphasizes the role of starch-based hydrogels as effective nutrient carriers, enabling their sustained release to plants over extended periods. Additionally, incorporating starch-based hydrogel nano-composites are explored, highlighting their potential in optimizing nutrient release profiles and promoting plant growth. Furthermore, the review highlights the benefits of starch-based fertilizers in enhancing plant growth and crop yield while minimizing nutrient losses. It presents case studies and field trials demonstrating starch-based formulations' efficacy in promoting sustainable agricultural practices. Overall, this review consolidates current knowledge on starch, its modifications, and its applications in SRFs, providing valuable insights into the potential of starch-based formulations to improve nutrient management, boost crop productivity, and support sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Salimi
- Soil Science Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Badr-Eddine Channab
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Natural Resources Valorization, URAC 24, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca, B.P. 146, Morocco
| | - Ayoub El Idrissi
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Natural Resources Valorization, URAC 24, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca, B.P. 146, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Zahouily
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Natural Resources Valorization, URAC 24, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca, B.P. 146, Morocco; Natural Resources Valorization Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, Rabat, Morocco; Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Elaheh Motamedi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jariwala H, Santos RM, Lauzon JD, Dutta A, Wai Chiang Y. Controlled release fertilizers (CRFs) for climate-smart agriculture practices: a comprehensive review on release mechanism, materials, methods of preparation, and effect on environmental parameters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:53967-53995. [PMID: 35624378 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20890-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fertilizers play an essential role in increasing crop yield, maintaining soil fertility, and provide a steady supply of nutrients for plant requirements. The excessive use of conventional fertilizers can cause environmental problems associated with nutrient loss through volatilization in the atmosphere, leaching to groundwater, surface run-off, and denitrification. To mitigate environmental issues and improve the longevity of fertilizer in soil, controlled release fertilizers (CRFs) have been developed. The application of CRFs can reduce the loss of nutrients, provide higher nutrient use efficiency, and improve soil health simultaneously to achieve the goals of climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices. The major findings of this review paper are (1) CRFs can prevent direct exposure of fertilizer granule to soil and prevent loss of nutrients such as nitrate and nitrous oxide emissions; (2) CRFs are less affected by the change in environmental parameters, and that can increase longevity in soil compared to conventional fertilizers; and (3) CRFs can maintain required soil nitrogen levels, increase water retention, reduce GHG emissions, lead to optimum pH for plant growth, and increase soil organic matter content. This paper could give good insights into the ongoing development and future perspectives of CRFs for CSA practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiral Jariwala
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Rafael M Santos
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - John D Lauzon
- School of Environmental Science, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Animesh Dutta
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Yi Wai Chiang
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chiaregato CG, França D, Messa LL, Dos Santos Pereira T, Faez R. A review of advances over 20 years on polysaccharide-based polymers applied as enhanced efficiency fertilizers. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 279:119014. [PMID: 34980357 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 20 years, polysaccharide-based materials have garnered attention in the enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs) research. Biodegradability, non-toxicity, water-solubility, swellability, and ease of chemical modification make these polymers suitable for agricultural applications. In this review, the polysaccharides-based EEFs advances are summarized over the polymer and co-materials selection, the methods, and the chemical/structure aspects necessary for an appropriate production. We also briefly discuss terminologies, nutrient release mechanisms, biodegradation, and future trends. The most used polysaccharides are chitosan, starch, and alginate, and the non-Fickian model most describes the release mechanism. It is dependent on the relaxation of polymer chains by the matrix swelling followed by the nutrient diffusion. EEFs-polymers-based should be designed as more packed and less porous structures to avoid the immediate contact of the fertilizer with the surrounding water, improving fertilizer retention. Furthermore, the preparation methods will determine the scale-up of the material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Gruber Chiaregato
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Biosorbents, Federal University of São Carlos, UFSCar, 13600970 Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Débora França
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Biosorbents, Federal University of São Carlos, UFSCar, 13600970 Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Luiz Messa
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Biosorbents, Federal University of São Carlos, UFSCar, 13600970 Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamires Dos Santos Pereira
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Biosorbents, Federal University of São Carlos, UFSCar, 13600970 Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Roselena Faez
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Biosorbents, Federal University of São Carlos, UFSCar, 13600970 Araras, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zafar N, Niazi MBK, Sher F, Khalid U, Jahan Z, Shah GA, Zia M. Starch and polyvinyl alcohol encapsulated biodegradable nanocomposites for environment friendly slow release of urea fertilizer. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
5
|
Recent trends in organic coating based on biopolymers and biomass for controlled and slow release fertilizers. J Control Release 2021; 330:341-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
6
|
Production and Characterization of Controlled Release Urea Using Biopolymer and Geopolymer as Coating Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12020400. [PMID: 32050641 PMCID: PMC7077693 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic polymers-based controlled release urea (CRU) leaves non-biodegradable coating shells when applied in soil. Several alternative green materials are used to produce CRU, but most of these studies have issues pertaining to nitrogen release longevity, process viability, and the ease of application of the finished product. In this study, we utilized tapioca starch, modified by polyvinyl alcohol and citric acid, as coating material to produce controlled release coated urea granules in a rotary fluidized bed equipment. Response surface methodology is employed for studying the interactive effect of process parameters on urea release characteristics. Statistical analysis indicates that the fluidizing air temperature and spray rate are the most influential among all five process parameters studied. The optimum values of fluidizing air temperature (80 °C), spray rate (0.13 mL/s), atomizing pressure (3.98 bar), process time (110 min), and spray temperature (70 °C) were evaluated by multi-objective optimization while using genetic algorithms in MATLAB®. Urea coated by modified-starch was double coated by a geopolymer to enhance the controlled release characteristics that produced promising results with respect to the longevity of nitrogen release from the final product. This study provides leads for the design of a fluidized bed for the scaled-up production of CRU.
Collapse
|