[Musculoskeletal pain among bus drivers and fare collectors in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil]

The burden of low back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and gout and their respective attributable risk factors in Brazil: results of the GBD 2017 study

INTRODUCTION

Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders are a major cause of disability worldwide. Different modifiable risk factors are associated to these disorders. The objective of this study was to analyze the burden of low back pain (LBP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and gout, attributable to risk factors, in 2017.

METHODS

The burden of LBP, RA, OA, and gout, and attributable risk factors were analyzed using data extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Brasil-2017 study. Descriptive analysis was conducted to compare disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates between sexes and age groups (15-49 and 50-69 years), in 2017.

RESULTS

The highest rates of DALY due to LBP were attributed to occupational ergonomic factors in the 15-49-year group, regardless of sex and males aged 50-69 years, whereas smoking was the major contributor in the 50-69-year female group. RA-related DALY rates were attributed to smoking and were higher among women aged 50-69 years. High body mass index (BMI) was the most relevant risk factor for the burden of OA, with higher rates detected in the 50-69-year group, and it was the most significant risk factor for DALY rate attributed to gout, regardless of sex or age group.

CONCLUSIONS

Occupational surveillance measures are indicated to prevent LBP. Actions to decrease smoking and overweight, and the surveillance of weight gain are warranted to decrease the burden of LBP, RA and OA, and gout, respectively. These actions will be more effective if age and sex differentials are considered in planning.

[Pain and cervical disability among public workers who use data visualization display terminals]

Work-related neck/shoulder disorders are considered an important health issue. This study is aimed at establishing the pain and cervical disability patterns of workers with visual display terminals, as well as at determining the factors that mostly affect the onset of a new episode of back pain. A descriptive, correlational study was carried out on a sample of 88 workers who use visual display terminals, of the Ministry of Health (Xunta de Galicia). The workers completed the following questionnaires: "Neck Disability Index Scale," "Visual Analog Scale," "12-item Short Form Health Survey," and an individual postural analysis was conducted. For the comparative analysis, the Student's t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test were performed. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to extract a predictive model of a cervical pain episode, and 58% reported cervical pain. There were no differences between men and women. The variables that best predict the onset of a new episode of pain are the level of disability, and the quality of physical life. Study results indicate that a worker who uses visual display terminals, with high levels of cervical disability and low values of physical quality of life, is more likely to suffer an episode of back pain.

Condiciones laborales, salud y calidad de vida en conductores

Objetivo: Conocer las condiciones laborales, salud y calidad de vida de los trabajadores que se dedican al rubro de la conducción. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó revisión integrativa en las bases de datos Medline/PUBMED, BVS, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, referente a artículos publicados desde el año 2010 a 2019, en relación a la temática de salud, condiciones laborales y calidad de vida de trabajadores que se desempeñan en el área de la conducción, siguiendo los lineamientos planteados según Ganong. Resultados: 29 estudios cumplieron con los criterios seleccionados, los cuales fueron realizados en población trabajadora del ámbito de locomoción colectiva como buses, taxis, motocicletas y en el área de transportes, como camiones. Discusión: La realidad que experimentan estos trabajadores crea consciencia y abre un espacio para implementar políticas de salud que busquen su bienestar, y a la vez es una puerta de entrada a crear conocimiento sobre la necesidad de estudiar a este grupo poblacional. Conclusiones: La calidad de vida y las condiciones laborales de estos conductores, en su mayoría es deficiente y esto los afecta de manera negativa en distintos ámbitos. Por otra parte, la salud de este grupo de trabajadores se ve perjudicada por las condiciones en el trabajo que muchos de ellos puedan tener, así mismo la mayoría carece de buenas prácticas de salud, teniendo hábitos poco saludables, que se relacionan directamente con la labor que realizan. Como citar este artículo: Sepúlveda Guerra Elena Belén,  Valenzuela Suazo Sandra Verónica, Rodríguez Campo Varinia Alejandra. Condiciones laborales, salud y calidad de vida en conductores. Revista Cuidarte. 2020; 11(2): e1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1083

O trabalho no trânsito e a saúde dos motoristas de ônibus: estudo fenomenológico

Objetivo: compreender as percepções dos motoristas de ônibus quanto às vivências no trabalho e aos impactos em seu corpo.Métodos: estudo descritivo pautado no pensamento do fenomenólogo Maurice Merleau-Ponty, realizado em uma garagem de ônibus, de julho 2017 a janeiro de 2018. Foram entrevistados 24 motoristas de ônibus, com mais de dois anos de profissão. As perguntas abertas do roteiro de entrevista fenomenológica possibilitaram a livre expressão dos significados do trabalho sobre a saúde.Resultados: as relações interpessoais no trânsito impactam diretamente o estado físico e psicológico, e a relação com o tempo influencia o comportamento dos condutores.Conclusão: melhorias no trabalho e nas relações interpessoais são necessárias a fim de garantir a preservação da saúde do motorista de ônibus, que é parte essencial no processo de deslocamento da população, e atenção à saúde mental dos motoristas é pouco valorizada, mas indispensável para o trabalho com pessoas.