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Wan T, Fu M, Wu Z, Gao X, Zhou S. Advances in the role of autophagy in the development of retinoblastoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:632. [PMID: 34267824 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a feedback regulatory mechanism of cells to external stress, which helps cells to adapt to changes in physiological conditions and environmental stress. Autophagy possesses a variety of target genes that control a wide range of signaling pathways. Maintenance of an appropriate level of autophagy is essential for the growth, metastasis and characteristics of tumors. Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor found in the eyes of children following exposure to extreme environmental factors, such as mitochondrial defects, oxidative stress and excessive autophagy; this leads to the development of DNA damage and progressive loss of the function of the eye, which results in the occurrence of RB. Recent studies have documented the involvement of autophagy in the transformation, occurrence and metastasis of RB. High or low levels of autophagy exert notably promotive or repressive effects on the development, invasion, drug resistance and survival of RB, respectively. The present review reports the research progress on the association between autophagy and RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, P.R. China.,Department of Physiology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Mingyuan Fu
- Department of Physiology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhuan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Xue Gao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, P.R. China.,Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College; Guilin, Guangxi 541199, P.R. China
| | - Shouhong Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, P.R. China.,Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College; Guilin, Guangxi 541199, P.R. China
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