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Gieroń M, Żarnowiec P, Zegadło K, Gmiter D, Czerwonka G, Kaca W, Kręcisz B. Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification of DNA (LAMP) as an Alternative Method for Determining Bacteria in Wound Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:411. [PMID: 38203582 PMCID: PMC10778741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing number of patients with chronic wounds requires the development of quick and accurate diagnostics methods. One of the key and challenging aspects of treating ulcers is to control wound infection. Early detection of infection is essential for the application of suitable treatment methods, such as systemic antibiotics or other antimicrobial agents. Clinically, the most frequently used method for detecting microorganisms in wounds is through a swab and culture on appropriate media. This test has major limitations, such as the long bacterial growth time and the selectivity of bacterial growth. This article presents an overview of molecular methods for detecting bacteria in wounds, including real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR), quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), genotyping, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). We focus on the LAMP method, which has not yet been widely used to detect bacteria in wounds, but it is an interesting alternative to conventional detection methods. LAMP does not require additional complicated equipment and provides the fastest detection time for microorganisms (approx. 30 min reaction). It also allows the use of many pairs of primers in one reaction and determination of up to 15 organisms in one sample. Isothermal amplification of DNA is currently the easiest and most economical method for microbial detection in wound infection. Direct visualization of the reaction with dyes, along with omitting DNA isolation, has increased the potential use of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gieroń
- Faculty of Medicine, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-369 Kielce, Poland; (M.G.); (B.K.)
- Dermatology Department, Provincial General Hospital, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Paulina Żarnowiec
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (P.Ż.); (K.Z.); (D.G.); (W.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Zegadło
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (P.Ż.); (K.Z.); (D.G.); (W.K.)
| | - Dawid Gmiter
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (P.Ż.); (K.Z.); (D.G.); (W.K.)
| | - Grzegorz Czerwonka
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (P.Ż.); (K.Z.); (D.G.); (W.K.)
| | - Wiesław Kaca
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (P.Ż.); (K.Z.); (D.G.); (W.K.)
| | - Beata Kręcisz
- Faculty of Medicine, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-369 Kielce, Poland; (M.G.); (B.K.)
- Dermatology Department, Provincial General Hospital, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
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Poirier AC, Kuang D, Siedler BS, Borah K, Mehat JW, Liu J, Tai C, Wang X, van Vliet AHM, Ma W, Jenkins DR, Clark J, La Ragione RM, Qu J, McFadden J. Development of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Rapid Diagnostic Assays for the Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Carbapenemase Genes in Clinical Samples. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:794961. [PMID: 35223985 PMCID: PMC8864245 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.794961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important pathogenic bacterium commonly associated with human healthcare and community-acquired infections. In recent years, K. pneumoniae has become a significant threat to global public and veterinary health, because of its high rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Early diagnosis of K. pneumoniae infection and detection of any associated AMR would help to accelerate directed therapy and reduce the risk of the emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates. In this study, we identified three target genes (yhaI, epsL, and xcpW) common to K. pneumoniae isolates from both China and Europe and designed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for the detection of K. pneumoniae in clinical samples. We also designed LAMP assays for the detection of five AMR genes commonly associated with K. pneumoniae. The LAMP assays were validated on a total of 319 type reference strains and clinical isolates of diverse genetic backgrounds, in addition to 40 clinical human sputum samples, and were shown to be reliable, highly specific, and sensitive. For the K. pneumoniae–specific LAMP assay, the calculated sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (comparison with culture and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry) were all 100% on clinical isolates and, respectively, of 100%, 91%, and 90%, and 100% when tested on clinical sputum samples, while being significantly faster than the reference methods. For the blaKPC and other carbapenemases’ LAMP assays, the concordance between the LAMP results and the references methods (susceptibility tests) was 100%, on both pure cultures (n = 125) and clinical samples (n = 18). In conclusion, we developed highly sensitive and specific LAMP assays for the clinical identification of K. pneumoniae and detection of carbapenem resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore C. Poirier
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Dai Kuang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bianca S. Siedler
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Khushboo Borah
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Jai W. Mehat
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Microbial Genomics and Animal Microbiome Research, Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Jialin Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cui Tai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Arnoud H. M. van Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Microbial Genomics and Animal Microbiome Research, Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - David R. Jenkins
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - John Clark
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, Carshalton, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto M. La Ragione
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Jieming Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jieming Qu, ; Johnjoe McFadden,
| | - Johnjoe McFadden
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Jieming Qu, ; Johnjoe McFadden,
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Hespanha ACV, Minto BW, Cardozo MV, Menezes MPD, Tasso JB, Moraes PC. Contamination by antimicrobial-resistant enterobacteria isolated from cell phones and hands in a veterinary hospital. Acta Vet Hung 2021; 69:216-222. [PMID: 34546965 DOI: 10.1556/004.2021.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hospital infections are of great relevance in human and animal health, and fomites are important in the spread of pathogens in hospital units. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of enterobacteria in the operating room of a veterinary hospital, the potential cross-contamination of samples, and to characterise the susceptibility profile of the isolates to antimicrobials. Sixty-five samples were collected from five different surgical procedures. These samples came from the hands and cell phones of the surgical team and pet owners, operating tables, and patients. Species detection was performed through polymerase chain reaction, genetic diversity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and susceptibility to antimicrobials through an antibiogram. Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis isolates were obtained from eight samples, from the hands of the anaesthesiologist, the pet owner, and the surgeon; the surgeon's, the nurse's and the anaesthesiologist's cell phones, and two surgical tables. Furthermore, PFGE showed high genetic diversity among the isolates, which showed multidrug resistance. The identification of multidrug-resistant E. coli and P. mirabilis on cell phones of the surgical team is a major concern and, although no direct correlation was found, the isolation of these bacteria inside the clean area of the operating room shows the possibility of nosocomial transmission from cell phones to susceptible patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Valentim Hespanha
- 1 Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Watanabe Minto
- 1 Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Marita Vedovelli Cardozo
- 2 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mareliza Possa De Menezes
- 1 Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Júlia Banhareli Tasso
- 1 Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Paola Castro Moraes
- 1 Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
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