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Hassanzadeh F, Hejazi SH, Jafari E, fard AM, Sadeghi-aliabadi H. Molecular docking and synthesis of N-alkyl-isatin-3-imino aromatic amine derivatives and their antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities. Res Pharm Sci 2024; 19:238-250. [PMID: 39035577 PMCID: PMC11257207 DOI: 10.4103/rps.rps_244_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Isatin derivatives have excited attention due to their biological attractions, especially, anticancer properties. Isatin analogs such as semaxanib and sunitinib were exposed to tyrosine kinase inhibitory properties. N-substituted isatins were reported to show cytotoxic activity. On the other, the extension of impressive and cost-effective agents against leishmaniasis is necessary in third-world countries. The capability of isatin derivatives to create novel anticancer and anti-leishmanial compounds has been identified in medicinal chemistry research. The current study aimed to synthesize N-alkyl-isatin-3-imino aromatic amine compounds and evaluate their biological effects. Experimental approach Synthesis started with the formation of 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide derivatives by the reaction of aniline derivatives with chloroacetyl chloride. N-alkylation of isatin was performed in the presence of K2CO3 in N, N-dimethylformamide. Final products were prepared via the condensation of N-alkyl isatin derivatives with aromatic amines. Cell viability was checked out by using the MTT assay against cancer cells. Final compounds were screened for anti-leishmanial activity. The molecules were docked in the active sites of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase to define the possible interactions. Findings/Results Compounds 5c and 4d with IC50 value of 50 μΜ showed cytotoxic activity on the MCF-7 cell line. Compound 5b presented anti-leishmanial activity against promastigote form after 48 h (IC50:59 μΜ) and 72 h (IC50: 41 μΜ) incubations. The highest docking score was -7.33 kcal/mol for compound 4d. Conclusions and implications The nature of substitution in the N1 region of isatin seems to be able to influence the cytotoxic activity. Based on the obtained results of docking and cytotoxic tests, compound 4d seems to be a good compound for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Hassanzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hejazi
- Skin Disease and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
- Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Atefeh Mohammadi fard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Hojjat Sadeghi-aliabadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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Santos PVL, Jerônimo LB, Ribeiro WSC, Lopes GM, Leão Neto JHDC, da Silva HBO, da Silva PIC, Silva RC, da Silva JK, Freitas JJS, Mourão RHV, Setzer WN, Maia JGS, Figueiredo PLB. Exploring the impact of seasonal variations on the chemical composition, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory properties of Pogostemon heyneanus Benth. essential oil. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1336878. [PMID: 38362154 PMCID: PMC10867209 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1336878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Pogostemon heyneanus leaves infusions are relevant in ethnopharmacology for treating colds, coughs, headaches, and asthma. Purpose: The essential oil chemical composition of a Pogostemon heyneanus specimen was monthly monitored from October 2021 to July 2022 to evaluate the climatic influences on its yield and chemical composition and antinociceptive, andanti-inflammatory properties. Methods: The leaves, collected monthly over a 10-month period, were submitted to hydrodistillation. The oils obtained were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer and gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector. The P. heyneanus essential oil (PhEO) was tested in vivo to evaluate its peripheral analgesic actions through the abdominal writhing test induced by acetic acid, and peripheral analgesia by tail immersion. Neurogenic and inflammatory pain were evaluated by formalin test, and acute oral toxicity of the oil was also verified. Results: PhEO presented 27 chemical constituents with the highest predominance of patchoulol (43.6%-76.9%), α-bulnesene (0.2%-12.7%), α-guaiene (0.4%-8.9%), seychellene (3.8%-5.1%) and pogostol (0.0%-8.2%). The climatic parameters insolation, humidity, rainfall, and temperature did not influence the essential oil yield or the main chemical constituents, except for pogostol, which presented a strong (r = 0.73) and statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation with temperature. PhEO did not display toxicity at the maximum 300 mg/kg dosage. The oil showed low peripheral and central analgesic action at 100 mg/kg, while in the neurogenic and inflammatory pain inhibition tests, no actions related to PhEO were observed. In the carrageenan-induced peritonitis test, PhEO did not reduce the migration of leukocytes to the peritoneal cavity compared to the control group. Conclusion: Pogostemon heyneanus is a resistant plant to seasonal influences and a source of patchoulol. Despite ethnopharmacological indications, no in-vivo biological activities such as neurogenic or inflammatory pain were identified in the present work. So, the low influence of the climatic parameters on chemical composition can infer that the low pharmacological activity is also not subject to climatic variations, that is, it does not change due to the climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Vinicius Lima Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Lucas Botelho Jerônimo
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Moraes Lopes
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - João Henrique de Castro Leão Neto
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Hugo Borges Oliveira da Silva
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Pedro Iuri C. da Silva
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Renata Cunha Silva
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Joyce Kelly da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Jofre Jacob S. Freitas
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Rosa Helena V. Mourão
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, Brazil
| | | | - José Guilherme S. Maia
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Pablo Luis B. Figueiredo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Brazil
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de Jesus ENS, Tavares MS, Barros PAC, Miller DC, da Silva PIC, Freitas JJS, de Lima AB, Setzer WN, da Silva JKR, Figueiredo PLB. Chemical composition, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the curzerene type essential oil of Eugenia uniflora from Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116859. [PMID: 37390874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Eugenia uniflora leaf infusion is widely used in folk medicine to treat gastroenteritis, fever, hypertension, inflammatory and diuretic diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY This work evaluated the acute oral toxic, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory activities of the curzerene chemotype of Eugenia uniflora essential oil (EuEO). MATERIAL AND METHODS EuEO was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The antinociceptive action in mice was evaluated for the peripheral and central analgesic activity using abdominal contortion and hot plate tests (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg); xylene-induced ear swelling was carried out for the nociception test, and carrageenan-induced cell migration test. Spontaneous locomotor activity was assessed in the open field test to rule out any nonspecific sedative or muscle relaxant effects of EuEO. RESULTS The EuEO displayed a yield of 2.6 ± 0.7%. The major compounds classes were oxygenated sesquiterpenoids (57.3 ± 0.2%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (16.4 ± 2.6). The chemical constituents with the highest concentrations were curzerene (33.4 ± 8.5%), caryophyllene oxide (7.6 ± 2.8%), β-elemene (6.5 ± 1.8%), and E-caryophyllene (4.1 ± 0.3%). Oral treatment with EuEO, at doses of 50, 300, and 2000 mg/kg, did not change the behavior patterns or mortality of the animals. EuEO (300 mg/kg) did not cause a reduction in the number of crossings in the open field compared to the vehicle group. The aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was higher in EuEO-treated groups (50 and 2000 mg/kg) when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). EuEO, at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, reduced the number of abdominal writhings by 61.66%, 38.33%, and 33.33%. EuEO did not show increased hot plate test time latency in any of the intervals analyzed. At 200 mg/kg, EuEO decreased paw licking time, with inhibition of 63.43%. In formalin-induced acute pain, EuEO decreased paw licking time at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg in the first phase, with inhibition of 30.54%, 55.02%, and 80.87%. The groups treated with EuEO at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg showed ear edema reduction of 50.26%, 55.17%, and 51.31%, respectively. Moreover, EuEO inhibited leukocyte recruitment only at a dose of 200 mg/kg. The inhibitory values of leukocyte recruitment after 4 h of carrageenan application were 4.86%, 4.93%, and 47.25% for 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of essential oil, respectively. CONCLUSION The EuEO, curzerene chemotype, has significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities and low acute oral toxicity. This work confirms the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory of this species as the traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Nayara Silva de Jesus
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil; Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - Mateus Silva Tavares
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Aníbal C Barros
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - Daniele Carvalho Miller
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil; Programa de Pós- Graduação em Química Medicinal e Modelagem Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Iuri C da Silva
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Jofre Jacob S Freitas
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - Anderson B de Lima
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - William N Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT, 84043, USA.
| | - Joyce Kelly R da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Brazil; Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT, 84043, USA.
| | - Pablo Luis B Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Brazil.
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Camara FMS, da Conceição BC, Cardoso EKS, Santiago JCC, Albuquerque CAB, Pereira WL, Monteiro MC, Yoshioka E Silva CY, da Silva MN, Maia CF, Fontes-Junior EA. Margaritaria nobilis L.f. (Phyllanthaceae) Ethanolic Extract: Low Acute Oral Toxicity and Antinociceptive Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050689. [PMID: 37242472 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Margaritaria nobilis L.f. (Phyllanthaceae), a native Brazilian tree occurring mainly in the Amazon, is used in folk medicine for the treatment of abscesses (bark) and cancer-like symptoms (leaves). The present study evaluates the safety of its acute oral administration and its effects on nociception and plasma leakage. The chemical constitution of the leaf's ethanolic extract is determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS. Its acute oral toxicity is evaluated in female rats at a dose of 2000 mg/kg, evaluating the occurrence of deaths and Hippocratic, behavioral, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological changes, as well as food and water consumption and weight gain. Antinociceptive activity is evaluated in male mice with acetic-acid-induced peritonitis (APT) and formalin (FT) tests. An open field (OF) test is performed to verify possible interferences in the animals' consciousness or locomotion. LC-MS analysis shows the presence of 44 compounds classified as phenolic acid derivatives, flavonoids and O-glycosylated derivatives, and hydrolyzable tannins. No deaths or significant behavioral, histological, or biochemical changes are observed in the toxicity assessment. In nociception tests, M. nobilis extract significantly reduces abdominal contortions in APT, demonstrating selectivity for inflammatory components (FT second phase), not interfering in neuropathic components (FT first phase) or consciousness and locomotion levels in OF. Additionally, M. nobilis extract inhibits plasma acetic-acid-induced leakage. These data demonstrate the low toxicity of M. nobilis ethanolic extract, as well as its effectiveness in modulating inflammatory nociception and plasma leakage, possibly related to the flavonoids and tannins present in its composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Menezes S Camara
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Behavioral Pharmacology (Lafico), Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
| | - Brenda Costa da Conceição
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Behavioral Pharmacology (Lafico), Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
| | - Eloise Karoline S Cardoso
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Behavioral Pharmacology (Lafico), Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
| | - Johan Carlos C Santiago
- Laboratory of Liquid Chromatography (Labcrol), Exact and Natural Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto B Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Liquid Chromatography (Labcrol), Exact and Natural Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
| | - Washington L Pereira
- Animal Pathology Laboratory, Amazon Federal Rural University, Belém 66077830, PA, Brazil
| | - Marta C Monteiro
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
| | - Consuelo Y Yoshioka E Silva
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Liquid Chromatography (Labcrol), Exact and Natural Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
| | - Milton Nascimento da Silva
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Liquid Chromatography (Labcrol), Exact and Natural Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
| | - Cristiane F Maia
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Behavioral Pharmacology (Lafico), Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
| | - Eneas A Fontes-Junior
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Behavioral Pharmacology (Lafico), Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075110, PA, Brazil
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de Lima MNN, Guimarães BA, de Castro ALS, Ribeiro KB, Miller DC, da Silva PIC, Freitas JJS, de Lima AB, Setzer WN, da Silva JKR, Maia JGS, Figueiredo PLB. Chemical composition and antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil of Hyptis crenata Pohl ex Benth. from the Brazilian Amazon. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115720. [PMID: 36113677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaf tea of Hyptis crenata has its practical use in the Brazilian Amazon for treating gastrointestinal and liver disorders, sweating induction, and as an anti-inflammatory. AIM OF THE STUDY Evaluation of the chemical composition, acute oral toxicity, and antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the H. crenata essential oil. MATERIAL AND METHODS The essential oil was hydrodistilled and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The antinociceptive action in mice was evaluated for the peripheral and central analgesic activity (abdominal contortion and hot plate tests), and the xylene-induced ear swelling was carried out for the nociception test. RESULTS Oxygenated monoterpenes (53.0%) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (38.9%) predominated in the H. crenata oil, being 1,8-cineo1e (35.9%), α-pinene (20.8%), camphor (10.0%), and β-pinene (7.3%) their primary constituents. The oral oil administration in the mice did not display changes in behavior patterns or animal mortality at 300 and 2000 mg/kg doses. The control group's biochemical parameters (ALP, AST, ALT) displayed a statistical difference from the treated group, unlike the renal parameters, which showed no variation between the groups. Oil reduced the abdominal contortions at doses of 100 (79.5%) and 300 mg/kg (44.4%), while with endodontacin, the dose was 5 mg/kg (75.2%). In addition, the oil could not decrease the paw licking/biting time at doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg. However, it showed a significant antinociceptive effect on the second phase in the formalin test inhibiting licking time, with a reduction of 50.8% (30 mg/kg), 63.4% (100 mg/kg), 58.0% (300 mg/kg), and morphine (4 mg/kg, 78.3%). The oil administration produced significant inhibition of ear edema at all tested doses, with a better effect produced at 30 mg/kg (64.0% inhibition). CONCLUSION The oil of Hyptis crenata, rich in 1,8-cineole, camphor, α-pinene, and β-pinene, totaling 74%, displayed low acute toxicity and significant anti-inflammatory activity, with peripheral and no central antinociceptive action. Thus, these results show an actual perspective on using H. crenata oil in developing a phytotherapeutic product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nancy N de Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Brazil; Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciência Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - Bruna A Guimarães
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciência Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - Ana Lídia S de Castro
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - Kevellen B Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - Daniele C Miller
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Medicinal e Modelagem Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Iuri C da Silva
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - Jofre Jacob S Freitas
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - Anderson B de Lima
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil.
| | - William N Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT, 84043, USA.
| | - Joyce Kelly R da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Brazil; Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT, 84043, USA.
| | - José Guilherme S Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, 65080-040, Brazil.
| | - Pablo Luis B Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciência Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66087-662, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Centro de Ciência Sociais e Educação, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 66050-540, Brazil.
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Synthesis, Anticonvulsant, and Antinociceptive Activity of New 3-(2-Chlorophenyl)- and 3-(3-Chlorophenyl)-2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl-acetamides. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061564. [PMID: 33809109 PMCID: PMC8000848 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The new series of 3-(2-chlorophenyl)- and 3-(3-chlorophenyl)-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione-acetamide derivatives as potential anticonvulsant and analgesic agents was synthesized. The compounds obtained were evaluated in the following acute models of epilepsy: maximal electroshock (MES), psychomotor (6 Hz, 32 mA), and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizure tests. The most active substance-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-{2-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl}-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione (6) showed more beneficial ED50 and protective index values than the reference drug—valproic acid (68.30 mg/kg vs. 252.74 mg/kg in the MES test and 28.20 mg/kg vs. 130.64 mg/kg in the 6 Hz (32 mA) test, respectively). Since anticonvulsant drugs are often effective in neuropathic pain management, the antinociceptive activity for two the promising compounds—namely, 6 and 19—was also investigated in the formalin model of tonic pain. Additionally, for the aforementioned compounds, the affinity for the voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels, as well as GABAA and TRPV1 receptors, was determined. As a result, the most probable molecular mechanism of action for the most active compound 6 relies on interaction with neuronal voltage-sensitive sodium (site 2) and L-type calcium channels. Compounds 6 and 19 were also tested for their neurotoxic and hepatotoxic properties and showed no significant cytotoxic effect.
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