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Biatougou NMB, Ouedraogo MS, Soubeiga ST, Zohoncon TM, Ouedraogo P, Obiri-Yeboah D, Tapsoba ASA, Kiendrebeogo TI, Sagna T, Niamba P, Traore A, Simpore J. Molecular Epidemiology of Human Herpes Virus Type 8 Among Patients with Compromised Immune System in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2022; 14:311-317. [PMID: 35836752 PMCID: PMC9275423 DOI: 10.2147/hiv.s353166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) is the main etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma. This virus is frequently associated with immunocompromision. This study aimed to detect HHV-8 in people with compromised immune system. Patients and Methods This is a cross-sectional study that included 180 subjects: 179 HIV-infected patients and 1 patient with bullous pemphigoid. Blood samples were taken from all subjects, and swabs of lesions were then taken from individuals with symptoms of Kaposi's sarcoma. Viral load and CD4+ T lymphocytes count were performed for persons living with HIV and real-time PCR detection of HHV-8 DNA was performed in all subjects in the study. Results Among HIV-infected persons, 13.41% had a viral load of more than 10,000 copies/mL, and 22.91% had a CD4+ T lymphocytes count of fewer than 350 cells/µL. A total of four (three HIV-1 infected patients and one patient with bullous pemphigoid) patients (2.22%) had apparent lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma. In the plasmas and swabs from associated lesions, HHV-8 DNA was found in only two individuals, with an HHV-8 prevalence of 1.11% (2/180) with 0.55% (1/179) in an HIV-infected patient on antiretroviral therapy. Conclusion These results exposing low prevalence levels of HHV-8 in HIV-infected patients could be due to the beneficial effect of antiretroviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakougou Moϊ-bohm Biatougou
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Muriel S Ouedraogo
- Department of Dermatology, Yalgado Ouedraogo Hospital University Centre, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Serge Theophile Soubeiga
- Department of Biomedical Research, Biomolecular Research Centre Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Department of Biomedical and Public Health, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Theodora Mahoukede Zohoncon
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Department of Medicine, Saint Thomas d’Aquin University (USTA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Paul Ouedraogo
- Department of Medicine, Saint Thomas d’Aquin University (USTA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Aziz Sidi Aristide Tapsoba
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Touwendpoulimdé Isabelle Kiendrebeogo
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Department of Biomedical Research, Biomolecular Research Centre Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Tani Sagna
- Department of Biomedical and Public Health, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Pascal Niamba
- Department of Dermatology, Yalgado Ouedraogo Hospital University Centre, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Adama Traore
- Department of Dermatology, Yalgado Ouedraogo Hospital University Centre, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Simpore
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Department of Biomedical Research, Biomolecular Research Centre Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Muwonge H, Kasujja H, Niyonzima N, Atugonza C, Kasolo J, Lugaajju A, Nfambi J, Fred SL, Damani AM, Kimuli I, Zavuga R, Nakazzi F, Kigozi E, Nakanjako D, Kateete DP, Bwanga F. Unique circulating microRNA profiles in epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 7:114-122. [PMID: 35570854 PMCID: PMC9065625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) causes Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Kaposi sarcoma in HIV/AIDS patients is referred to as epidemic KS and is the most common HIV-related malignancy worldwide. The lack of a diagnostic assay to detect latent and early-stage disease has increased disease morbidity and mortality. Serum miRNAs have previously been used as potential biomarkers of normal physiology and disease. In the current study, we profiled unique serum miRNAs in patients with epidemic KS to generate baseline data to aid in developing a miRNA-based noninvasive biomarker assay for epidemic KS. Methods This was a comparative cross-sectional study involving 27 patients with epidemic KS and 27 HIV-positive adults with no prior diagnosis or clinical manifestation of KS. DNA and RNA were isolated from blood and serum collected from study participants. Nested PCR for circulating HHV-8 DNA was performed on the isolated DNA, whereas miRNA library preparation and sequencing for circulating miRNA were performed on the RNA samples. The miRge2 pipeline and EdgeR were used to analyse the sequencing data. Results Fifteen out of the 27 epidemic KS-positive subjects (55.6%) tested positive for HHV-8 DNA, whereas only 3 (11.1%) out of the 27 HIV-positive, KS-negative subjects tested positive for HHV-8 DNA. Additionally, we found a unique miRNA expression signature in 49 circulating miRNAs in epidemic KS subjects compared to subjects with no epidemic KS, with 41 miRNAs upregulated and 8 miRNAs downregulated. Subjects with latent KS infection had a differential upregulation of circulating miR-193a compared to HIV-positive, KS-negative subjects for whom circulating HHV-8 DNA was not detected. Further analysis of serum from epidemic KS patients revealed a miRNA signature according to KS tumor status and time since first HIV diagnosis. Conclusions This study reveals unique circulating miRNA profiles in the serum of patients with epidemic KS versus HIV-infected subjects with no KS, as well as in subjects with latent KS. Many of the dysregulated miRNAs in epidemic KS patients were previously reported to have crucial roles in KS infection and latency, highlighting their promising roles as potential biomarkers of latent or active KS infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Muwonge
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
- Habib Medical School, Islamic University in Uganda (IUIU), Uganda
| | - Hassan Kasujja
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Nixon Niyonzima
- Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI)-Fred Hutch Collaboration, P. O Box 3935, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Carolyne Atugonza
- Medical and Molecular Laboratories, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Josephine Kasolo
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Allan Lugaajju
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joshua Nfambi
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sembajwe Larry Fred
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ali Moses Damani
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ivan Kimuli
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Robert Zavuga
- Uganda Peoples Defence forces (UPDF), P. O Box 123, Bombo, Uganda
| | - Faith Nakazzi
- Medical and Molecular Laboratories, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edgar Kigozi
- Medical and Molecular Laboratories, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Damalie Nakanjako
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - David Patrick Kateete
- Medical and Molecular Laboratories, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Freddie Bwanga
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P. O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
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Demba RN, Aradi SM, Mwau M, Mwanda WO. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus protein ORF75 among HIV-1 patients in Kenya. Afr J Lab Med 2020; 9:939. [PMID: 32934910 PMCID: PMC7479412 DOI: 10.4102/ajlm.v9i1.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Histology is used to identify Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) in countries with low resources to fund healthcare costs. Approximately 95% of KS cases can be detected using a polymerase chain reaction. Objective To determine the presence of the open reading frame 75 (ORF75) gene associated with Kaposi’s sarcoma herpes virus among HIV-1/AIDS patients and to describe morphological presentations of KS. Methods This was a retrospective, descriptive study of archived tissue blocks collected from 2013 to 2016. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was used to identify KS. Deoxyribonucleic acid from archived tissue blocks was extracted and a nested polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the ORF75 gene. Results All 81 cases in this study had been diagnosed as HIV-1 positive, of which 68 had hallmark features of KS in the histology report and 13 had features suggestive of KS (‘KS-like’). Microscopic identification of KS by haematoxylin and eosin staining was considered a significant indicator of KS herpes virus ORF75 gene positivity (p = 0.002). The ORF75 gene was detected in 60.5% (49/81) of tissue blocks; 27.2% were men (22/81) and 33.3% were women (27/81). The ORF75 gene was observed to be present in up to 15.4% (2/13) of the cases reported to have KS-like features. Conclusion Following the initial diagnosis of KS by histology, the ORF75 gene was fur-ther detected from both cases that had hallmark features of KS as well as among cases with KS-like fea-tures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodgers N Demba
- School of Health Sciences, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya.,Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sylviah M Aradi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Matilu Mwau
- Center for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Control Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Busia, Kenya
| | - Walter O Mwanda
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Chabay P, Lens D, Hassan R, Rodríguez Pinilla SM, Valvert Gamboa F, Rivera I, Huamán Garaicoa F, Ranuncolo SM, Barrionuevo C, Morales Sánchez A, Scholl V, De Matteo E, Preciado MV, Fuentes-Pananá EM. Lymphotropic Viruses EBV, KSHV and HTLV in Latin America: Epidemiology and Associated Malignancies. A Literature-Based Study by the RIAL-CYTED. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2166. [PMID: 32759793 PMCID: PMC7464376 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) and human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) are lymphomagenic viruses with region-specific induced morbidity. The RIAL-CYTED aims to increase the knowledge of lymphoma in Latin America (LA), and, as such, we systematically analyzed the literature to better understand our risk for virus-induced lymphoma. We observed that high endemicity regions for certain lymphomas, e.g., Mexico and Peru, have a high incidence of EBV-positive lymphomas of T/NK cell origin. Peru also carries the highest frequency of EBV-positive classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and EBV-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (NOS), than any other LA country. Adult T cell lymphoma is endemic to the North of Brazil and Chile. While only few cases of KSHV-positive lymphomas were found, in spite of the close correlation of Kaposi sarcoma and the prevalence of pathogenic types of KSHV. Both EBV-associated HL and Burkitt lymphoma mainly affect young children, unlike in developed countries, in which adolescents and young adults are the most affected, correlating with an early EBV seroconversion for LA population despite of lack of infectious mononucleosis symptoms. High endemicity of KSHV and HTLV infection was observed among Amerindian populations, with differences between Amazonian and Andean populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Chabay
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Investigation in Pediatric Pathologies (IMIPP), CONICET-GCBA, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Pathology Division, Ricardo Gutiérrez Children’s Hospital, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; (P.C.); (E.D.M.); (M.V.P.)
| | - Daniela Lens
- Flow Cytometry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, CP 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay;
| | - Rocio Hassan
- Oncovirology Laboratory, Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, National Cancer Institute “José Alencar Gomes da Silva” (INCA), Ministry of Health, 20230-130 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | | | - Fabiola Valvert Gamboa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute and National League against Cancer, 01011 Guatemala City, Guatemala;
| | - Iris Rivera
- Department of Hematology, Salvadoran Institute of Social Security, Medical Surgical and Oncological Hospital (ISSS), 1101 San Salvador, El Salvador;
| | - Fuad Huamán Garaicoa
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Institute—Society to Fight Cancer (ION-SOLCA), Santiago de Guayaquil Catholic University, Guayaquil 090615, Ecuador;
| | - Stella Maris Ranuncolo
- Cell Biology Department, Institute of Oncology “Angel H. Roffo” School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, C1417DTB Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Carlos Barrionuevo
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases, National University of San Marcos, 15038 Lima, Peru;
| | - Abigail Morales Sánchez
- Research Unit in Virology and Cancer, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico;
| | - Vanesa Scholl
- Department of Integrated Genomic Medicine, Conciencia-Oncohematologic Institute of Patagonia, 8300 Neuquén, Argentina;
| | - Elena De Matteo
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Investigation in Pediatric Pathologies (IMIPP), CONICET-GCBA, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Pathology Division, Ricardo Gutiérrez Children’s Hospital, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; (P.C.); (E.D.M.); (M.V.P.)
| | - Ma. Victoria Preciado
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Investigation in Pediatric Pathologies (IMIPP), CONICET-GCBA, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Pathology Division, Ricardo Gutiérrez Children’s Hospital, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; (P.C.); (E.D.M.); (M.V.P.)
| | - Ezequiel M. Fuentes-Pananá
- Research Unit in Virology and Cancer, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico;
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Oktafiani D, Megasari NL, Fitriana E, Nasronudin, Lusida MI, Soetjipto. Human herpes virus 8 antibodies in HIV-positive patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. Infect Dis Rep 2020; 12:8746. [PMID: 32874472 PMCID: PMC7447943 DOI: 10.4081/idr.2020.8746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection is etiologically related to Kaposi’s sarcoma. Antibodies directed against HHV-8 can be detected in 80-95% of HIV-seropositive patients with KS. HHV-8 serological tests have been done in several countries in Southeast Asia such as Malaysia, and Thailand however no serological data is available in Indonesia. This study was to examine the presence of HHV- 8 antibodies in HIV-positive patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. Material and methods Ninety-one serum samples were collected from HIVpositive patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. Human immunodeficiency virus-positive serum samples were collected from 10 homosexual men, 25 intravenous drug users (IVDUs) and 56 heterosexuals. Serums were then tested for the presence of HHV-8 antibody by using sandwich ELISA (Abbexa Ltd, Cambridge, UK). Results The total of 91 HIV-infected were testing with antibodies to HHV-8 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibodies of HHV-8 were detected in 7/91 (7.7%) of the samples. According to a gender, six men (85.7%) and a women (14.3%) were positive of HHV-8 antibodies. No correlation regarding the gender and age from this study. The antibodies of HHV-8 was detected among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) men 5/7 (42.8%) and 2/7 (28.6%) from homosexual and heterosexual, respectively. Conclusion This study found the presence of HHV-8 antibodies in 7.7% of patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. This finding was higher more than Southeast Asian countries. The patients with a positive result could suggest measures to prevent HHV-8 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devi Oktafiani
- Doctoral of Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga
| | - Ni LuhAyu Megasari
- Doctoral of Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga.,Institute of Tropical Disease
| | - Elsa Fitriana
- Doctoral of Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga
| | - Nasronudin
- Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Institute of Tropical Disease
| | | | - Soetjipto
- Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Institute of Tropical Disease.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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The Prevalence of Human Herpes Virus Type 8 in Semen Specimens of HIV-Negative Iranian Population Detected by Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.90667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Demba RN, Shaviya N, Aradi SM, Mwanda W. Selected genes of Human herpesvirus-8 associated Kaposi's sarcoma among patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 and Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease Syndrome. Pan Afr Med J 2019; 32:215. [PMID: 31404285 PMCID: PMC6675582 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.32.215.17322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a kind of cancer that causes flat or raised lesions containing Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8). The KS lesions are common among immunosuppressed HIV patients. Highly Active Antiretroviral (HHART) treats and prevents the development of KS. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of K1 and K15 (predominant alleles) genes in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) among immunosuppressed patients due to HIV-1. METHODS This was a cross-sectional descriptive study where consecutive sampling technique was adopted to pick archived tissue blocks from the Thematic Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Human Pathology, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Histology Section, Kenyatta National Hospital. RESULTS Upon staining 81 tissue blocks with H & E, 84% (68/81) were diagnosed as KS and 16% (13/81) as KS-like. The K1 and K15 (P) genes were both detected at 88.9% (72/81) in the tissue blocks, with 95.8% (69/72) detection from KS and 4.2% (3/72) from the KS-like. CONCLUSION The K1 and K15 (P) genes of KSHV were present among the immunosuppressed patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1. It is important to carry out K1 and K15 (P) genes detection on tissues that are diagnosed as KS or KS-like by histology technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodgers Norman Demba
- School of Health Sciences, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nathan Shaviya
- Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya
| | | | - Walter Mwanda
- Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Lu X, Wan X, Li X, Pan K, Maimaitiaili W, Zhang Y. Expression of TLR4 gene is downregulated in acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated Kaposi's sarcoma. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:27-34. [PMID: 30651761 PMCID: PMC6307526 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and proteins involved in its associated signaling pathways in patients with classic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated KS (AIDS-KS) in Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China. A total of 35 patients with KS were enrolled in the present study between May 2011 and July 2013, including 26 cases of AIDS-KS and 9 cases of classic KS. Another 10 healthy subjects of the Uygur ethnic group were included in the normal control group. KS tissues were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining. To measure the expression of mRNA, reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed. To determine protein expression, western blot analysis was employed. AIDS-KS was mainly distributed in the face and limbs, while classic KS was mainly distributed in the limbs. The histopathological characteristics of AIDS-KS and classic KS tissues were different from those of normal tissues. TLR4 was mainly distributed in the dermis of KS tissues. The mRNA expression levels of TLR4 were reduced in classic KS and AIDS-KS. The protein expression levels of RAS, RAF, nuclear factor (NF)-κB P65 and P50 as well as inhibitor of NF-κB-α of the TLR4 signaling pathway in AIDS-KS and KS tissues were higher than those in normal tissues. In conclusion, the expression of TLR4 gene in KS tissues was decreased, while the expression of proteins of the TLR4 signaling pathway was upregulated in KS. Downregulation of TLR4 may be associated with the occurrence and development of AIDS-KS, while its restoration may represent a novel therapeutic approach for AIDS-KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Wan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Kejun Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Wubuli Maimaitiaili
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Yuexin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
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Oktafiani D, Megasari NLA, Fitriana E, Nasronudin, Lusida MI, Soetjipto. DETECTION OF HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-8 ANTIGEN IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN EAST JAVA, INDONESIA. Afr J Infect Dis 2018; 12:43-46. [PMID: 30109285 PMCID: PMC6085735 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v12i2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-infection of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) in HIV-positive people might cause Kaposi's sarcoma. Early detection of HHV-8 may prevent the onset of clinical manifestations. In Indonesia, detection of HHV-8 antigen in HIV-positive patients has yet to be reported. The intention of this research was to examine the presence of HHV-8 antigen in HIV-positive patients in East Java, Indonesia. MATERIAL AND METHODS 103 serum samples were collected from HIV-positive patients in Surabaya and Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. Serums were then tested for the presence of HHV-8 antigen by using sandwich ELISA. RESULTS Human Herpesvirus-8 antigen was detected in 15 samples (14.5%). The presence of HHV-8 infection in HIV-positive patients did not present differently in males and females and among different age groups. Human immunodeficiency virus-positive serum samples were collected from 23 homosexual men, 25 intravenous drug users (IVDUs) and 52 heterosexuals. In the male homosexual group, HHV-8 antigen was detected in 21.7% (5/23) of the samples, while in the intravenous drug user group (IVDUs), 16% (4/25) of the samples were found to have HHV-8 antigen. CONCLUSION This research found the presence of HHV-8 antigen in 14.5% of patients in East Java, Indonesia. It is recommended that patients with a positive result should receive further examination to detect any clinical manifestations related to HHV-8 infection, especially in the form of Kaposi's sarcoma lesions, so that the illness can be appropriately managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devi Oktafiani
- Doctoral Degree Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ni Luh Ayu Megasari
- Doctoral Degree Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Elsa Fitriana
- Doctoral Degree Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Nasronudin
- Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Maria Inge Lusida
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Soetjipto
- Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Tembo R, Kaile T, Kafita D, Chisanga C, Kalonda A, Zulu E, Samutela M, Polepole P, Kwenda G. Detection of Human Herpes Virus 8 in Kaposi's sarcoma tissues at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. Pan Afr Med J 2017; 27:137. [PMID: 28904666 PMCID: PMC5567952 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2017.27.137.11845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human herpes virus-8, a γ2-herpes virus, is the aetiological agent of Kaposi sarcoma. Recently, Kaposi's sarcoma cases have increased in Zambia. However, the diagnosis of this disease is based on morphological appearance of affected tissues using histological techniques, and the association with its causative agent, Human Herpes virus 8 is not sought. This means poor prognosis for affected patients since the causative agent is not targeted during diagnosis and KS lesions may be mistaken for other reactive and neoplastic vascular proliferations when only histological techniques are used. Therefore, this study was aimed at providing evidence of Human Herpes virus 8 infection in Kaposi's sarcoma tissues at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. METHODS One hundred and twenty suspected Kaposi's sarcoma archival formalin-fixed paraffin-wax embedded tissues stored from January 2013 to December 2014 in the Histopathology Laboratory at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia were analysed using histology and Polymerase Chain Reaction targeting the ORF26 gene of Human Herpes virus 8. RESULTS The predominant histological type of Kaposi's sarcoma detected was the Nodular type (60.7%) followed by the plaque type (22.6%) and patch type (16.7%). The nodular lesion was identified mostly in males (40.5%, 34/84) than females (20.2%, 17/84) (p=0.041). Human Herpes virus 8 DNA was detected in 53.6% (45/84) and mostly in the nodular KS lesions (60%, 27/84) (p=0.035). CONCLUSION The findings in this study show that the Human Herpes virus-8 is detectable in Kaposi's sarcoma tissues, and, as previously reported in other settings, is closely associated with Kaposi's sarcoma. The study has provided important baseline data for use in the diagnosis of this disease and the identification of the virus in the tissues will aid in targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabecca Tembo
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Trevor Kaile
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Doris Kafita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Chrispin Chisanga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Annie Kalonda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Ephraim Zulu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Mulemba Samutela
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Pascal Polepole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Geoffrey Kwenda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
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Rapid Multiplexed Immunoassay for Detection of Antibodies to Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163616. [PMID: 27669509 PMCID: PMC5036886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of KSHV-infected individuals remains a challenge. KSHV prevalence is high in several populations with high prevalence of HIV, leading to increased risk of development of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). While current assays are reliable for detecting antibodies to KSHV, none are routinely utilized to identify individuals with KSHV infection and thus at increased risk for KS due to assay complexity, lack of access to testing, and cost, particularly in resource-limited settings. Here we describe the addition of KSHV proteins LANA and K8.1 to a previously evaluated HIV/co-infection multiplexed fluorescence immunoassay system. This study demonstrates assay performance by measuring antibody reactivity for KSHV and HIV-1 in a collection of clinical specimens from patients with biopsy-proven KS and sourced negative controls. The KSHV assay correctly identified 155 of 164 plasma samples from patients with biopsy-proven KS and 85 of 93 KSHV antibody (Ab)-negative samples for a sensitivity of 95.1% and specificity of 91.4%. Assay performance for HIV-1 detection was also assessed with 100% agreement with independently verified HIV-1 Ab-positive and Ab-negative samples. These results demonstrate good sensitivity and specificity for detection of antibody to KSHV antigens, and demonstrate the potential for multiplexed co-infection testing in resource-limited settings to identify those at increased risk for HIV-1-related complications.
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