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De Boni RB, Mota JC, Coutinho C, Bastos FI. Would the Brazilian population support the alcohol policies recommended by the World Health Organization? Rev Saude Publica 2022; 56:66. [PMID: 35792799 PMCID: PMC9239545 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the support of the Brazilian population to the alcohol-policies proposed by the World Health Organization to decrease alcohol harm (specifically: to decrease alcohol availability and advertising, and to increase pricing). In addition, we evaluated the factors associated with being against those policies. METHODS Data from 16,273 Brazilians, aged 12-65 years, interviewed in the 3rd Brazilian Household Survey on Substance Use (BHSU-3) were analyzed. The BHSU-3 is a nationwide, probability survey conducted in 2015. Individuals were asked if they would be against, neutral, or in favor of seven alcohol policies grouped as: 1) Strengthen restrictions on alcohol availability; 2) Enforce bans or restrictions on alcohol advertising, sponsorship, and promotion; and 3) Raise prices on alcohol through excise taxes and pricing. Generalized linear models were fitted to evaluate factors associated with being against each one of those policies and against all of policies. RESULTS Overall, 28% of the Brazilians supported all the above mentioned policies, whereas 16% were against them. The highest rate of approval refers to restricting advertising (53%), the lowest refers to increasing prices (40%). Factors associated with being against all policies were: being male (AOR = 1.1; 95%CI: 1.0-1.3), not having a religion (AOR = 1.4; 95%CI: 1.1-1.8), being catholic (AOR = 1.3; 95%CI: 1.1-1.5), and alcohol dependence (AOR = 1.6; 95%CI: 1.1-2.4). CONCLUSIONS The Brazilian government could count on the support of most of the population to restrict alcohol advertising. This information is essential to tackle the lobby of the alcohol industry and its clever marketing strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel B De Boni
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Cientifica e Tecnológica em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Jurema C Mota
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Cientifica e Tecnológica em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Carolina Coutinho
- Fundação Getúlio Vargas. Escola de Administração de Empresas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Francisco I Bastos
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Cientifica e Tecnológica em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Krawczyk N, da Mota JC, Coutinho C, Bertoni N, de Vasconcellos MTL, Silva PLN, De Boni RB, Cerdá M, Bastos FI. Polysubstance use in a Brazilian national sample: Correlates of co-use of alcohol and prescription drugs. Subst Abus 2021; 43:520-526. [PMID: 34283709 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2021.1949666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Responses to problem substance use have largely focused on illicit drugs, but reports on rising prescription drug misuse worldwide raise questions about their combined use with alcohol and potential consequences. The current study assessed prevalence of alcohol in conjunction with nonmedical opioid and benzodiazepine use across a nationally representative sample of adults in Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional data on prevalence were estimated from the 2015 Brazilian Household Survey on Substance Use. We estimated past month nonmedical use of benzodiazepines and alcohol and past month nonmedical use of opioids and alcohol among adults who reported any past-year alcohol use. Zero-inflated Poisson models assessed independent correlates of alcohol and nonmedical opioid use, and alcohol and nonmedical benzodiazepine use. Results: Among adults who reported past year alcohol use, 0.4% (N = 257,051) reported past month alcohol and non-medical benzodiazepine use, and 0.5% (N = 337,333) reported past month alcohol and non-medical opioid use. Factors independently associated with co-use of alcohol and benzodiazepines included having depression (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR):4.61 (95%CI 1.76-12.08)), anxiety (aPR:4.21 (95%CI 1.59-11.16)) and tobacco use (aPR: 5.48 (95%CI 2.26-13.27)). Factors associated with past-month alcohol and opioid use included having experienced physical or a threat of violence (aPR: 4.59 (95%CI 1.89-11.14)), and tobacco use (aPR:2.81(95%CI:1.29-6.12)). Conclusions: Co-use of prescription drugs with alcohol remains relatively rare among Brazilians, but findings point to a unique profile of persons at risk. Results of this study are important in light of changing dynamics and international markets of prescription drugs and the need for more research on use of these substances on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Krawczyk
- Center for Opioid Epidemiology and Policy, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jurema C da Mota
- Institute of Scientific and Technological Communication and Information in Health (ICICT), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Coutinho
- São Paulo School of Business Administration, Getúlio Vargas Foundation, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neilane Bertoni
- Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raquel B De Boni
- Institute of Scientific and Technological Communication and Information in Health (ICICT), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Cerdá
- Center for Opioid Epidemiology and Policy, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Francisco Inácio Bastos
- Institute of Scientific and Technological Communication and Information in Health (ICICT), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Freitas CKAC, Rodrigues MA, Fontes VS, Barreiro MDSC, Santos ACFSD, Lima SVMA, Leal NDJ, Cartaxo KPA, Mota ECH. RISK AND PREVENTIVE FACTORS FOR TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS: ANALYSIS OF CHILDREN'S PERCEPTION USING THE EDUTHERAPEUTIC METHOD. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 38:e2018281. [PMID: 32667469 PMCID: PMC7357599 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe children's perception of risk and preventive factors related to traffic accidents using the Edutherapeutic Method. METHODS This is a qualitative descriptive study carried out with 173 students from public schools aged seven to 14 years in Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. Data were collected in the second half of 2014. The first stage consisted of an activity with drawing/writing sheets in all classes selected by the Nursing undergraduate students. Next, the children answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic data. The qualitative analysis of the expressive language of the children's drawings generated two categories: positive and negative factors for the prevention of traffic accidents and their subcategories. RESULTS The children's perception regarding preventive and risk factors for traffic accidents was considered adequate according to other studies found in the literature on the same subject. The drawings and descriptions were used later to provide the students with a better understanding of these factors. CONCLUSIONS The study lends support to educational activities and interventions about prevention with schoolchildren. This is one of the main goals proposed by Brazil in the National Plan of Action for Road Traffic Safety for the decade 2011-2020.
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França EB, Passos VMDA, Malta DC, Duncan BB, Ribeiro ALP, Guimarães MDC, Abreu DMX, Vasconcelos AMN, Carneiro M, Teixeira R, Camargos P, Melo APS, Queiroz BL, Schmidt MI, Ishitani L, Ladeira RM, Morais-Neto OL, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Guerra MR, Bensenor I, Lotufo P, Mooney M, Naghavi M. Cause-specific mortality for 249 causes in Brazil and states during 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2015. Popul Health Metr 2017; 15:39. [PMID: 29166948 PMCID: PMC5700707 DOI: 10.1186/s12963-017-0156-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reliable data on cause of death (COD) are fundamental for planning and resource allocation priorities. We used GBD 2015 estimates to examine levels and trends for the leading causes of death in Brazil from 1990 to 2015. Methods We describe the main analytical approaches focused on both overall and specific causes of death for Brazil and Brazilian states. Results There was an overall improvement in life expectancy at birth from 1990 to 2015, but with important heterogeneity among states. Reduced mortality due to diarrhea, lower respiratory infections, and other infectious diseases contributed the most for increasing life expectancy in most states from the North and Northeast regions. Reduced mortality due to cardiovascular diseases was the highest contributor in the South, Southeast, and Center West regions. However, among men, intentional injuries reduced life expectancy in 17 out of 27 states. Although age-standardized rates due to ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular disease declined over time, these remained the leading CODs in the country and states. In contrast, leading causes of premature mortality changed substantially - e.g., diarrheal diseases moved from 1st to 13th and then the 36th position in 1990, 2005, and 2015, respectively, while violence moved from 7th to 1st and to 2nd. Overall, the total age-standardized years of life lost (YLL) rate was reduced from 1990 to 2015, bringing the burden of premature deaths closer to expected rates given the country’s Socio-demographic Index (SDI). In 1990, IHD, stroke, diarrhea, neonatal preterm birth complications, road injury, and violence had ratios higher than the expected, while in 2015 only violence was higher, overall and in all states, according to the SDI. Conclusions A widespread reduction of mortality levels occurred in Brazil from 1990 to 2015, particularly among children under 5 years old. Major shifts in mortality rates took place among communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders. The mortality profile has shifted to older ages with increases in non-communicable diseases as well as premature deaths due to violence. Policymakers should address health interventions accordingly. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12963-017-0156-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth B França
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Pública, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil.
| | | | - Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem Materno Infantil, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Bruce B Duncan
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2600/414, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, School of Medicine, Av. Alfredo Balena, 190., Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Mark D C Guimarães
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Pública, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Daisy M X Abreu
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Nescon, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria N Vasconcelos
- Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento, Sociedade e Cooperação Internacional, Asa Norte, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Mariângela Carneiro
- Universidade de Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Parasitologia. Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6670, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Renato Teixeira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Pública, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Paulo Camargos
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Faculdade de Medicina. Praça Frei Orlando, 170, Centro, São João del-Rei, 36307-352, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula S Melo
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Faculdade de Medicina. Praça Frei Orlando, 170, Centro, São João del-Rei, 36307-352, Brazil
| | - Bernardo L Queiroz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas, Departamento de Demografia, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6670, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Schmidt
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2600/414, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Lenice Ishitani
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Grupo de Pesquisas em Epidemiologia e Avaliação em Saúde-GPEAS, Av. Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Roberto Marini Ladeira
- Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais, Alameda Alvaro Celso 100/231, Belo Horizonte, 30150-260, Brazil
| | - Otaliba L Morais-Neto
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Rua 235, S/N, Setor Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás, 74605050, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Bustamante-Teixeira
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Campus Universitario da UFJF, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, S/n, Martelos, Juiz de Fora, 36036-330, Brazil
| | - Maximiliano R Guerra
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Campus Universitario da UFJF, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, S/n, Martelos, Juiz de Fora, 36036-330, Brazil
| | - Isabela Bensenor
- Universidade de São Paulo. Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e Epidemiológica, Hospital Universitário, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2565 / 3° andar, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Lotufo
- Universidade de São Paulo. Centro de Pesquisa Clínica e Epidemiológica, Hospital Universitário, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2565 / 3° andar, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Meghan Mooney
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 2301 5th Avenue, Suite 600, Box 358210, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Mohsen Naghavi
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 2301 5th Avenue, Suite 600, Box 358210, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
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