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Dubey MJ, Ghosh R, Das G, Roy D, Das S, Chakraborty AP, Chatterjee S, Dubey S, Benito-León J. Beyond Belief and Practice: An Exploratory Literature Review and Discussion of the Differential Impact of Spirituality and Religiosity on Mental Health Disorders. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024:10.1007/s10943-024-02090-9. [PMID: 39004656 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between spirituality and religiosity and their impact on mental health is intricate and underexplored. This exploratory review aims to elucidate the distinct effects of these constructs, highlighting their contributions to psychological well-being and clinical practices. By dissecting the impacts of spirituality and religiosity on mental health, the study focuses on their individual and combined roles in shaping therapeutic approaches and theoretical understandings in the field. A literature review was conducted using PubMed, focusing on articles discussing spirituality, religiosity, and their intersection with mental health and psychopathology. Out of 312 identified articles, 69 peer-reviewed articles were included after screening for relevance. The results indicate that spirituality and religiosity significantly influence mental health yet are often conflated, leading to research inconsistencies and clinical challenges. Spirituality, as a broad and individualistic pathway, enhances personal well-being and resilience, often transcending organized religious practices. In contrast, religiosity, with its structured community support, sometimes imposes constraints that exacerbate stress under specific doctrinal pressures. Neurobiological evidence suggests that both constructs interact with cognitive processes and brain function, influencing emotional regulation and stress response. The study concludes that distinguishing between spirituality and religiosity is essential for precise academic discourse and effective clinical practice. This differentiation allows for more personalized therapeutic approaches, accommodating an individual's spiritual and religious contexts. The authors propose a refined framework for future research and therapeutic applications to be sensitive to the nuanced experiences of individuals and to better tailor interventions in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahua Jana Dubey
- Department of Psychiatry, Berhampur Mental Hospital, Berhampur, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritwik Ghosh
- Department of General Medicine, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Gautam Das
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipayan Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Shambaditya Das
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arka Prava Chakraborty
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Subham Chatterjee
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry (IOP), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Souvik Dubey
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| | - Julián Benito-León
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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Chumakov E, Ashenbrenner Y, Gvozdetskii A, Limankin O, Petrova N. Individual Burden of Illness Index in Bipolar Disorder Remission: A Cross-Sectional Study. CONSORTIUM PSYCHIATRICUM 2024; 5:17-30. [PMID: 39072003 PMCID: PMC11272304 DOI: 10.17816/cp15471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A population-based method for estimating disease burden is commonly used. Nevertheless, these measurements do not entirely capture the comprehensive burden of illness on an individual patient. To address the problem, the Individual Burden of Illness Index (IBI index) Index was created and validated, specifically for major depressive disorder. The IBI represents the overall influence of the condition, encompassing distress from symptom intensity, functional impairment, and the patient's quality of life. AIM The aim of the study was to approve and validate the IBI index for the integral assessment of disease burden in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in remission. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient psychiatric services in Saint Petersburg, Russia, from April through October 2020. Eighty-five patients aged 18 to 45 (mean age 36.6±5.7 years) with BD (type I - 75%, n=64; type II - 25%, n=21) in remission were examined. The study procedure included a structured clinical interview and the use of clinical scales: the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), and Personal and the Social Performance Scale. RESULTS The principal component analysis in accordance with the adjusted one showed that the burden of illness in patients with BD in remission is directly related to the severity of residual depressive symptoms, reflected in the HDRS score: as the HDRS score increases (0.27, p <0.001), residual mania (-0.14, p <0.001), social functioning (-0.06, p <0.001), and quality of life (-0.04, p <0.001) decrease. In contrast, when there are remaining residual mania symptoms, as indicated by the YMRS score, the result tends to be a lower burden, better social functioning, and enhanced quality of life. CONCLUSION The study has demonstrated through statistical means a successful adaptation and validation of the previously calculated IBI index for patients with BD in remission. Residual affective symptoms were shown to have different impacts on the social functioning of patients with BD in remission, indicating the need for a timely assessment and targeted therapy of these symptoms in such patients.
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Lynn CD, Schell LM. Why religion and spirituality are important in human biological research. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24106. [PMID: 38767192 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of human biology includes exploration of all the genetic and environmental influences on human variation and life history, including impacts of sociocultural and physical environments. Religious practice and spirituality may be one of these influences. There are more than 5.8 billion religiously affiliated adults and children, accounting for 84% of the world's 6.9 billion people. Furthermore, 70% of Americans consider themselves spiritual in some way, including 22% who do not consider themselves religious, and the numbers for Europe are lower but proportionally similar. Such a high rate of religious affiliation and spiritual belief suggests that religion and spirituality could be sociocultural influences on human variation, but human biologists have scarcely attended to their impacts, as indicated by the limited numbers of relevant articles in the two flagship human biology journals. In this article, we discuss why human biologists may have overlooked this important force for human variability and highlight foundational work from human biology and other disciplines that can give our colleagues directions forward. We review the impacts of religion and spirituality at population and individual levels and call for human biologists to attend to the many aspects of religion and spirituality that can impact human biology and are much more than simply influences of denominational affiliation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Lynn
- Department of Anthropology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Lawrence M Schell
- Department of Anthropology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
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Santambrogio J, Maissen J, Calini C, Filippo MC, Frigerio R, Rampin R, Locorotondo G, Pontiggia A, Riboldi S, Chiorazzo R, Amatulli A, De Berardis D, Clerici M, Milani S, Cavalleri PR. Bipolar Disorder: Identity, Social Support, Religiosity and Spirituality. Can Religiosity/Spirituality be a Mood Balancing Factor? An Italian Case Report. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:640-651. [PMID: 38238473 PMCID: PMC10861705 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents a case study to support the hypothesis that religiosity and spirituality (R/S), as mood balancing factors, could facilitate the recovery process for patients suffering from bipolar disorder (BD) once they have been stabilized and are receiving appropriate support (e.g., in a residential rehabilitative center). After a succinct review of BD and R/S, the patient's medical history and rehabilitation pathway are described, with a particular focus on the role played by R/S. The authors found that in this case, once the patient was stabilized, R/S helped to consolidate her feelings of well-being, increasing her positive perception of social support services and ultimately her self-confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Santambrogio
- Adele Bonolis AS.FRA. Onlus Foundation, Vedano al Lambro, Italy.
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
| | - Jessica Maissen
- Adele Bonolis AS.FRA. Onlus Foundation, Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Cosima Calini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Rampin
- Adele Bonolis AS.FRA. Onlus Foundation, Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefania Riboldi
- Mental Health and Addiction Department, ASST Brianza, Vimercate, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Amatulli
- Mental Health and Addiction Department, ASST Brianza, Vimercate, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Clerici
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Mental Health and Addiction Department, IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Simona Milani
- Adele Bonolis AS.FRA. Onlus Foundation, Vedano al Lambro, Italy
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Chavarria V, Boix JA, De La Puente1 B, Gimenez L, Pou C, Peña-Salazar C, Grimal I, Haro JM, Serrano-Blanco A. Spirituality, Religiosity and Mental Health: A Clinical-care Approach. ACTAS ESPANOLAS DE PSIQUIATRIA 2023; 51:281-282. [PMID: 38321718 PMCID: PMC10847662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
No abstract present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Chavarria
- Psychiatry Department, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Institute Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- RICAPPS. Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, 08007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Boix
- Psychiatry Department, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blanca De La Puente1
- Psychiatry Department, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Gimenez
- Psychiatry Department, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Pou
- Psychiatry Department, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Peña-Salazar
- Psychiatry Department, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Institute Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Grimal
- Psychiatry Department, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Psychiatry Department, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Institute Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Serrano-Blanco
- Psychiatry Department, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Institute Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Mosqueiro BP, Costa MDA, Caribé AC, Oliveira e Oliveira FH, Pizutti L, Zimpel RR, Baldaçara L, da Silva AG, Moreira-Almeida A. Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines on the integration of spirituality into mental health clinical practice: Part 1. Spiritual history and differential diagnosis. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2023; 45:506-517. [PMID: 37718460 PMCID: PMC10897776 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To present evidence-based guidelines for clinical practice regarding religiosity and spirituality in mental health care in Brazil. METHODS A systematic review was conducted to identify potentially eligible articles indexed in the PubMed, PsycINFO, SciELO, LILACS, and Cochrane databases. A summary of recommendations and their levels of evidence was produced in accordance with Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine guidelines. RESULTS The systematic review identified 6,609 articles, 41 of which satisfied all inclusion criteria. Taking a spiritual history was found to be an essential part of a compassionate and culturally sensitive approach to care. It represents a way of obtaining relevant information about the patient's religiosity/spirituality, potential conflicts that could impact treatment adherence, and improve patient satisfaction. Consistent evidence shows that reported perceptual experiences are unreliable for differentiating between anomalous experiences and psychopathology. Negative symptoms, cognitive and behavioral disorganization, and functional impairment are more helpful for distinguishing pathological and non-pathological anomalous experiences. CONCLUSION Considering the importance of religiosity/spirituality for many patients, a spiritual history should be routinely included in mental health care. Anomalous experiences are highly prevalent, requiring a sensitive and evidence-based approach to differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Paz Mosqueiro
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Comissão de Estudos e Pesquisas em Espiritualidade e Saúde Mental, Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marianna de Abreu Costa
- Comissão de Estudos e Pesquisas em Espiritualidade e Saúde Mental, Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Espiritualidade e Saúde (NUPES), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - André C. Caribé
- Comissão de Estudos e Pesquisas em Espiritualidade e Saúde Mental, Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgar Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Fabrício H.A. Oliveira e Oliveira
- Comissão de Estudos e Pesquisas em Espiritualidade e Saúde Mental, Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Espiritualidade e Saúde (NUPES), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro Pizutti
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Espiritualidade, Associação de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul (APRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rogério R. Zimpel
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Espiritualidade, Associação de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul (APRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Baldaçara
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Palmas, TO, Brazil
- ABP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antônio Geraldo da Silva
- ABP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Asociación Psiquiátrica de América Latina, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Alexander Moreira-Almeida
- Comissão de Estudos e Pesquisas em Espiritualidade e Saúde Mental, Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Espiritualidade e Saúde (NUPES), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Birhan B, Eristu N. Positive Religious Coping and Associated Factors Among Participants with Severe Mental Illness Attending Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, 2021. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2931-2941. [PMID: 37551393 PMCID: PMC10404419 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s421684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Religion has been reported to be the most widely used coping resource in stressful conditions including physical and mental illnesses. Different studies consistently find that positive religious coping is associated with a reduced level of severe mental illness such as depression. Despite its high prevalence and being a significant coping mechanism for persons with severe mental illness, there are no published studies on positive religious coping in Ethiopia. Objective To assess the prevalence of positive religious coping and associated factors among people with severe mental illness attending outpatient service at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar, northwest Ethiopia, 2021. Methods A cross-sectional institution-based study was conducted and systematic random sampling was applied to select participants. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for processing and analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent factors associated with religious coping. P-value <0.05 was declared a statistically significant association with a 95% confidence interval. Results The prevalence of positive religious coping among severe mental illness was 72.4% (95% CI= 68.2, 76.4). Having no comorbid medical illness, good quality of life, good medication adherence, and mild subjective severity scale were associated with positive religious coping. Conclusion The magnitude of positive religious coping among severe mental illness was relatively high. Not having a comorbid medical illness, good medication adherence, good quality of life, and mild subjective severity scale were factors associated with it. Patients report different factors that affect practicing positive religious coping factors. In the other direction, positive religious coping was reported to contribute to symptom alleviating and increasing a sense of well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belete Birhan
- Department of Psychiatry, Wolaita Sodo University, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Netsanet Eristu
- Department of Psychiatry, Dire Dawa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
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Mavragani A, Sixsmith A, Pollock Star A, Haglili O, O'Rourke N. Direct and Indirect Predictors of Medication Adherence With Bipolar Disorder: Path Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e44059. [PMID: 36749623 PMCID: PMC9944145 DOI: 10.2196/44059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the efficacy of treatment and severity of symptoms, medication adherence by many with bipolar disorder (BD) is variable at best. This poses a significant challenge for BD care management. OBJECTIVE For this study, we set out to identify psychosocial and psychiatric predictors of medication adherence with BD. METHODS Using microtargeted social media advertising, we recruited an international sample of young and older adults with BD living in North America (Canada and the United States), Western Europe (eg, United Kingdom and Ireland), Australia and New Zealand (N=92). On average, participants were 55.35 (SD 9.65; range 22-73) years of age, had been diagnosed with BD 14.25 (SD 11.14; range 1-46) years ago, and were currently prescribed 2.40 (SD 1.28; range 0-6) psychotropic medications. Participants completed questionnaires online including the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. RESULTS Medication adherence did not significantly differ across BD subtypes, country of residence, or prescription of lithium versus other mood stabilizers (eg, anticonvulsants). Path analyses indicate that alcohol misuse and subjective or perceived cognitive failures are direct predictors of medication adherence. BD symptoms, psychological well-being, and the number of comorbid psychiatric conditions emerged as indirect predictors of medication adherence via perceived cognitive failures. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol misuse did not predict perceived cognitive failures. Nor did age predict medication adherence or cognitive failures. This is noteworthy given the 51-year age range of participants. That is, persons in their 20s with BD reported similar levels of medication adherence and perceived cognitive failures as those in their 60s. This suggests that perceived cognitive loss is a facet of adult life with BD, in contrast to the assumption that accelerated cognitive aging with BD begins in midlife.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Sixsmith
- Science and Technology for Aging Research Institute, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ariel Pollock Star
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Community Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Ophir Haglili
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Norm O'Rourke
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Community Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.,Center for Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
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Harorani M, Jadidi A, Zand S, Khoshkhoutabar T, Rafiei F, Beheshti SZ. Spiritual Care in Hospitalized Patients in Iran: An Action Research Study. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:3822-3839. [PMID: 34136966 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01302-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Religious practices can raise the sense of merit and hope through overcoming the feeling of isolation. Studies conducted in this area have indicated that patients may desire to have their spiritual needs met. Nonetheless, sufficient attention has not been paid to these special needs. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the barriers to the provision of spiritual care for hospitalized patients. This is an action research study in which a total of 11 nurses and 76 hospitalized patients were recruited using purposive and convenience sampling, respectively. Data were collected using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In the action cycles, the participants' concerns were examined, constructed, then evaluated, and re-constructed using reflective assessment. The qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed using the content analysis approach and the Mann-Whitney U, Chi-squared, and t-tests, respectively. At the first stage, the results of the content analysis showed the lack of professional knowledge and the existence of organizational barriers in the provision of spiritual care for patients. Reflection in the final stage led to the discovery of four concepts including (a) perceived advantages of change in performance, (b) being capable of providing spiritual care, (c) getting positive feedback, and (d) preparation for improving the provision of spiritual care. The results of the quantitative analysis indicated a significant increase in the mean score of patient satisfaction after the provision of spiritual care (p = .001). The results of this study led the authors to a deeper understanding of various dimensions of spiritual care among patients hospitalized in the cardiology ward and ultimately improved the patients and their families' level of satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Harorani
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arāk, Iran
| | - Ali Jadidi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arāk, Iran
| | - Soleiman Zand
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arāk, Iran.
- PhD Student in Higher Education Development Planning, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Mazandaran University, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Tayebeh Khoshkhoutabar
- Department of Education Districts One of Arak, Central Province Department of Education, Arāk, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rafiei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arāk, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zeinab Beheshti
- Department of Occupational Therapy School of Rehabilitation, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arāk, Iran
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Jackson DC, McLawhorn DE, Slutzky AR, Glatt SJ, Daly RW. Bipolar Disorder, Religion, and Spirituality: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:3589-3614. [PMID: 35064445 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mental health clinicians frequently study the religion and spirituality (R/S) of their patients. There is, however, a paucity of empirical research concerning R/S of patients with bipolar disorder. This lack is exacerbated by the absence of an evaluation of how these studies relate to each other. Reviews to date concern almost exclusively quantitative studies; a review that synthesizes quantitative and qualitative research is needed. The aim of this paper is to provide a synthesis of empirical studies that is useful in clinical practice. Systematic searches for relevant journal articles in SCOPUS, PubMed, and PsycInfo found 14 quantitative and four qualitative studies. The research reveals that intrinsic religiosity and positive religious coping are the dimensions of R/S that have the most positive correlations with improvement of bipolar disorder symptoms as revealed by measures of clinical outcomes. Patients struggle with their religious experiences, and they wish that R/S would be taken into account by mental health professionals. The quantitative studies are not in conflict with the patient/person-centered focus of qualitative studies. This integration of quantitative data with a patient/person-centered focus shows how belief and illness affect each other. The tensions inherent in such an integration provide new insights for research and treatment. Unfortunately, the qualitative literature has not caught up with quantitative approaches in terms of diagnostic rigor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Jackson
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| | - Donald E McLawhorn
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Amy R Slutzky
- Health Sciences Library, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Stephen J Glatt
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Robert W Daly
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
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Peng X, Tang L. Exercise Rehabilitation Improves Heart Function and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:8547906. [PMID: 35070244 PMCID: PMC8769825 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8547906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the acceleration of the aging process, there are more and more elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Chronic heart failure has severely affected the heart function and quality of life of the elderly. This article aims to study the further improvement of the heart function and the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic heart failure through exercise rehabilitation. In this paper, experimental analysis and comparative analysis are adopted, the experimental group and the control group are designed, the adaptive heart rate and breathing rate algorithm is adopted, the heart failure symptom assessment scale and the quality of life assessment tool are selected, and the two groups of different rehabilitation forms are compared. Data collection, sorting, and analysis of the patient's conditions are utilized. Through the use of exercise rehabilitation, the heart failure process will be slower and the recovery of heart strength will be faster than the control group. Before the experiment, the probability of shortness of breath in the two groups of patients with chronic heart failure symptoms was as high as 84.08%, and the symptom clusters were more serious; after the experiment, the SV and EF values after exercise rehabilitation were higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The quality of life in the realm, emotional realm, and other realms has been significantly improved. For elderly patients with chronic heart failure, reasonable exercise rehabilitation training can provide them with effective preventive measures and protective measures, improve the patients' heart function and quality of life, and play an important and key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Peng
- School of Smart Healthcare Industry, Chongqing City Management College, Shapingba 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Liuquan Tang
- The Department of Basic Education, Chongqing City Vocational College, Yongchuan 402160, Chongqing, China
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Lucchetti G, Koenig HG, Lucchetti ALG. Spirituality, religiousness, and mental health: A review of the current scientific evidence. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:7620-7631. [PMID: 34621814 PMCID: PMC8462234 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i26.7620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Research in the field of “Spirituality and Health” has been growing, with spirituality/religiousness (S/R) being consistently related to both physical and mental health. The objective of this article is to provide an updated review of the current scientific evidence on the relationship between S/R and mental health, highlighting the most important studies. As a secondary objective, the mechanisms that explain this relationship and the interventions that utilize this information in treating mental disorders will be discussed. The findings reveal a large body of evidence across numerous psychiatric disorders. Although solid evidence is now available for depression, suicidality, and substance use, other diagnosis, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, psychosis, and anxiety, have also shown promising results. The effects of S/R on mental health are likely bidirectional, and the manner in which religious beliefs are used to cope with distress (i.e. negative and positive), may affect mental health outcomes. Despite these findings, the mechanisms that explain these associations and the role of S/R interventions need further study. Concerning clinical practice, mental health providers should ask patients about S/R that are important in their lives to provide holistic and patient-centered care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Lucchetti
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36030-776, Brazil
| | - Harold G Koenig
- Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States
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Rosa ACF, Leão ER. Pain in the bipolar disorder: prevalence, characteristics and relationship with suicide risk. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2021; 29:e3463. [PMID: 34190952 PMCID: PMC8253371 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.4737.3463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: to know the prevalence and characteristics of pain, to verify how pain
management has been carried out by the health services, and to correlate
suicide risk with pain intensity in patients with bipolar disorder. Method: an observational study with a quantitative approach. The study included
people with bipolar disorder assessed by the McGill-Reduced Pain
Questionnaire, Body Diagram, Visual Numerical Scale, and the Suicidal
Ideation Scale (Beck). Results: the sample of 60 participants was mainly composed of women with a mean age of
40 years old and a mean psychiatric treatment time of approximately 13
years. Of these, 83% reported feeling pain at the time of the interview.
Half of the participants indicated that pain interferes with routine and 80%
did not receive care in health institutions. The main descriptors that
qualify the painful experience were as follows: painful, heavy and sensitive
for the sensory descriptors, tiring and punishing in the affective category.
Suicide attempt was reported by 57% of the participants. There was a
correlation between suicide risk and pain intensity. Conclusion: pain presented a high prevalence. Suicide risk was identified in more than
half of the participants. Pain intensity showed a significant correlation
with suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Ferreira Rosa
- Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein, Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliseth Ribeiro Leão
- Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein, Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Esperandio MRG, de Souza YQ, Nadalin O, Hefti R. Spirituality in Clinical Practice: The Perspective of Brazilian Medical Students. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:2154-2169. [PMID: 33420650 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-020-01141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the beliefs, opinions, and experiences of medical students from a Catholic confessional university concerning spirituality in medical practice. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a sample of 323 undergraduate students, of which 162 were in their first two years of their studies and 161 in the final two years. A validated questionnaire consisting of 58 questions was applied. Although the spiritual dimension was recognized as important for patient care, 95% of students were not familiar with spiritual and religious issues. Advanced students reported that they had not received adequate training in this area. Therefore, this topic should be included in the medical curriculum, preferably in the first years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Rute Gomes Esperandio
- Post-Graduate Program in Bioethics, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil.
| | - Yasmin Quiroga de Souza
- Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Odenir Nadalin
- Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155 - Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - René Hefti
- Lecturer for Spiritual Care, University of Basel, Head of the Research Institute for Spirituality and Health (RISH), Langenthal, Switzerland
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O'Rourke N, Sixsmith A, Kirshner G, Osher Y. Perceived cognitive failures and quality of life for older adults with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2021; 287:433-440. [PMID: 33862304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults with bipolar disorder (BD) commonly present with cognitive deficits (e.g., attention, memory, verbal fluency). Concomitantly, older adults with BD commonly report subjective or perceived cognitive failures. For this study, we confirmed a 3-factor model of cognitive failures first validated with older adults free of mental illness (i.e., forgetfulness, distractibility, false triggering). We then computed a structural equation model (SEM) demonstrating the construct validity of perceived cognitive errors in relation to quality of life with BD. Use of SEM enabled us to measure quality of life broadly and germane to BD (i.e., well-being, life satisfaction, alcohol misuse, sleep quality). METHODS We obtained responses from an international sample of 350 older adults with BD (M = 61.26 years of age, range 50-87), recruited via micro-targeted social media advertising. Most lived in Canada, the U.S., U.K., Ireland, Australia and South Africa. RESULTS As hypothesized, perceived cognitive failures were predicted by BD symptoms (depression and hypo/mania). And cognitive failures directly and indirectly predicted quality of life. LIMITATIONS Future research is needed to replicate this QoL model over time with younger patients and those recruited using more traditional methods. CONCLUSIONS Perceived cognitive failures may not be strongly correlated with objective indices of cognitive deficits; nonetheless perceived cognitive failures are significantly associated with quality of life for older adults with BD. For both cognitive errors and BD symptoms, their indirect effect on quality of life (via suicide ideation) is greater than the direct effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norm O'Rourke
- Department of Public Health and Multidisciplinary Center for Research on Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
| | - Andrew Sixsmith
- STAR Institute, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver (BC) Canada
| | - Gita Kirshner
- Department of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Yamima Osher
- Be'er Sheva Mental Health Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
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Hinkel HM, Isaak SL, Abernethy AD, Witvliet CVO, Schnitker SA, Root Luna LM, Currier JM. Religiousness, meaning, and quality of life: Test of a mediational model among adults seeking a spiritually integrated inpatient program. J Clin Psychol 2020; 77:1054-1067. [PMID: 33332609 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Religious beliefs and practices may augment a sense of meaning in life that could support quality of life (QOL) in physical, social, and emotional domains amid mental health crises. However, these associations have not been thoroughly tested among persons with serious mental illness (SMI). METHODS Focusing on 248 adults who had recently enrolled in a spiritually integrated acute psychiatric hospitalization program, we incorporated structural equation modeling to examine whether (1) religiousness would be associated with better overall QOL; and (2) inpatients' sense of meaning in life would at least partially account for the religiousness-QOL link. RESULTS Religiousness was linked indirectly with QOL at the time of admission: religiousness was associated with greater meaning in life, and a higher degree of meaning in life was associated with QOL. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the crucial role of religiousness for meaning and wellness among many individuals with SMI who seek stabilization and healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Hinkel
- Psychology Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Steven L Isaak
- Psychology Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Alexis D Abernethy
- Fuller Theological Seminary, Graduate School of Psychology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | | | - Sarah A Schnitker
- Psychology and Neuroscience Department, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | | | - Joseph M Currier
- Psychology Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
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Menegatti-Chequini MC, Loch AA, Leão FC, Peres MFP, Vallada H. Patterns of religiosity and spirituality of psychiatrists in Brazil and the implications for clinical practice: a latent profile analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:546. [PMID: 33225925 PMCID: PMC7682088 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02929-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there is consensus, in psychiatry, over the inclusion of religious and spiritual aspects when evaluating and treating the patient, investigation of these dimensions is rare. There is evidence as to the relationship between psychiatrists' religious/spiritual beliefs and their willingness to discuss a patient's religion and spirituality (R/S). Due to the lack of information about how psychiatrists in Brazil deal with R/S in patient care, the aim of the present study is to analyze the religious/spiritual profile of these professionals and to ascertain its influence on attitudes and behavior in clinical practice. METHODS Five hundred and ninety-two psychiatrists from Brazil answered a questionnaire about R/S in clinical practice. The latent profile analysis was used to search for differences of religious/spiritual profiles. The ANOVA and Pearson's chi-square tests were employed to identify any correlation between clinical opinion and behaviors according to the different profiles. RESULTS Two religious/spiritual profiles were identified (entropy value > 0,96): the so called "less religious" group (n = 245), comprised predominantly by men, professionally more experienced, with a higher level of academic education (Master or PhD degrees) and were the ones who least enquired about their patients' R/S; and the "more religious" psychiatrists (n = 347) those who had higher consideration for R/S on health, and who more often addressed R/S with their patients and therefore usually ascribed importance to include R/S in their professional training. CONCLUSION The latent profile analysis produced two distinct classes between the Brazilian psychiatrists according to their R/S views: the more religious professionals, who investigate the patient's R/S in a more detailed manner, and the less religious, who tend to disregard this aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cecilia Menegatti-Chequini
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry (LIM-21, LIM-23 and ProSER), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Zip Code 05403-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre A. Loch
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM-27), Institute of Psyquiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil ,grid.450640.30000 0001 2189 2026Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Frederico C. Leão
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department and Institute of Psychiatry (LIM-21, LIM-23 and ProSER), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Zip Code 05403-010, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Mario F. P. Peres
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department and Institute of Psychiatry (LIM-21, LIM-23 and ProSER), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Zip Code 05403-010, São Paulo, SP Brazil ,grid.413562.70000 0001 0385 1941Departament of Neurology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Homero Vallada
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department and Institute of Psychiatry (LIM-21, LIM-23 and ProSER), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Zip Code 05403-010, São Paulo, SP Brazil
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Reyes-Ortiz CA, Payan C, Altamar G, Montes JFG, Koenig HG. Religiosity and depressive symptoms among older adults in Colombia. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:1879-1885. [PMID: 33076684 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1660851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and religiosity among older adults in Colombia.Methods: Data are drawn from the SABE (Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento) Colombia Study, a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015 involving 19,004 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older living in urban and rural areas of Colombia. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Geriatric Depression scale (GDS; range 0-15), examined both as a continuous and categorical variable. Religiosity was assessed by self-rated religiosity and comfort derived from religion. Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to assess the association adjusting for confounders.Results: Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that being more religious (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.85-0.95, p < .001) or perceiving greater strength or comfort from religion (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.82-0.93, p < .001) was associated with a lower likelihood of scoring above the cutoff on the GDS for significant depressive symptoms (≥6). Similarly, linear regression analyses indicated that being more religious (unstandardized beta coefficient B = -0.16, p < .001) or perceiving greater strength or comfort from religion (B = -0.20, p < .001) was associated with a significantly lower score on the GDS assessed on a continuous scale.Conclusion: Being more religious or perceiving greater strength or comfort from religion is associated with fewer depressive symptoms among older adults in Colombia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Reyes-Ortiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, UTHealth, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia Payan
- Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana, Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Geraldine Altamar
- Departamento Medicina Familiar, Especialización de Geriatría, Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jose F Gomez Montes
- Facultad de Ciencias Para la Salud, Especialización de Geriatría, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Harold G Koenig
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinshuan, China
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Koenig HG, Al-Zaben F, VanderWeele TJ. Religion and psychiatry: recent developments in research. BJPSYCH ADVANCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1192/bja.2019.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARYThe evidence base on the relationship between religion and mental health is growing rapidly, and we summarise the latest research on the topic. This includes studies on religious involvement and depression, bipolar disorder, suicide, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance use disorders, personality disorder, chronic psychotic disorder, marital/family stability, social support and psychological well-being. We also review a relatively new topic in psychiatry, moral injury, which often accompanies PTSD and may interfere with its treatment. We describe a theoretical model that explains how religion might affect mental health and briefly discuss its applications in clinical practice, including a discussion of religiously integrated therapies for depression, anxiety and other emotional problems. Overall, studies indicate that religious involvement often serves as a powerful resource for patients, one that can be integrated into psychiatric care. At times, however, religion may impede or complicate treatment. This article will help clinicians determine, on the basis of the latest research, whether religion is an asset or a liability for a particular patient.
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Pascual-Sánchez A, Jenaro C, Montes-Rodríguez JM. Quality of life in euthymic bipolar patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2019; 255:105-115. [PMID: 31150940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with bipolar disorder, even euthymic, could suffer an impairment in their quality of life compared to healthy controls. Since no previous systematic review and meta-analysis has been conducted, the aim of the current study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional case-controlled studies on quality of life in adult euthymic Bipolar Disorder patients. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis that followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was conducted. Major electronic databases were searched on August 2018 to assess the variables associated with quality of life in euthymic bipolar disorder patients. After selecting case-control studies, data collection, quality assessment and subsequently statistical analysis were done. RESULTS 66 studies were finally selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. Four different quality of life instruments were used among the different studies. Effect size analysis showed that there were significant differences in quality of life outcomes between euthymic bipolar disorder patients and healthy controls (d=-0.922; SE=0.316; 95%CI=-1.541--0.303; p=.004), with lower quality of life in the euthymic patients. Furthermore, time since euthymia explained 15.62% of variability, and age of control group explained 29.6% of variability. No other moderators were statiscally significant. LIMITATIONS The instruments used were heterogeneous. Moreover, the role of other clinical moderators could not be included due to the lack of this information in most of the articles. CONCLUSIONS Quality of life is lower in euthymic bipolar patients than in healthy controls. However, longer time in euthymia is associated with better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pascual-Sánchez
- Service of Psychiatry, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar Viejo km. 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
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Prevalence of Religious and Spiritual Experiences and the Perceived Influence Thereof in Patients With Bipolar Disorder in a Dutch Specialist Outpatient Center. J Nerv Ment Dis 2019; 207:291-299. [PMID: 30865073 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000000965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of religious and spiritual (R/S) experiences and their perceived lasting influence in outpatients with bipolar disorder (BD; n = 196). A questionnaire with a range of R/S was constructed, building on the results of an earlier qualitative study. Experiences of horizontal transcendence (not necessarily referring to the divine) such as the experience of "intense happiness, love, peace, beauty, freedom" (77%) or "meaningful synchronicity" (66%) were the most prevalent. The experience of "divine presence" (vertical transcendence, referring to the divine) had a prevalence of 44%. Perceived lasting influence of the experiences was 20% to 67% of the total frequency, depending on the type. Most positive R/S experiences were significantly more related to BD I and mania, and on average, persons with BD I had more R/S experiences (mean = 4.5, SD = 2.6) than those with BD II (mean = 2.8, SD = 2.4, p = 0.000). Patient-reported R/S experiences in BD can have both R/S and pathological features.
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