Treatment compliance and risk and protective factors for suicide ideation to completed suicide in adolescents: a systematic review

The self-perceived needs of adolescents with suicidal behaviour: a scoping review

Suicidal behaviour in adolescents is a major public health problem. Much research on this issue has focused on epidemiology and risk factors for suicidal behaviour, paying less attention to the self-perceived needs of adolescents. However, to increase engagement in suicide prevention, it is important to include the views of adolescents. A scoping review was performed to identify the available empirical study findings, of any study design, related to the self-perceived needs of adolescents with suicidal behaviour. The literature databases Medline, Embase, Psycinfo, CINAHL, ERIC, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Twenty-nine studies from 14 predominantly Anglo countries were included in the scoping review. The review showed that girls were overrepresented and that studies predominantly used qualitative approaches. The identified needs of adolescents with suicidal behaviour can broadly be grouped into needs related to the following areas: the importance of connecting with other people; adolescents' self-help strategies and personal growth after self-harm; mental healthcare; school or study programs; and needs related to society in relation to taboo on suicidal behaviour. Prevention of suicidal behaviour in adolescents will need to focus on development and strengthening of interventions fitting the needs of adolescents in these areas.

Identification of Risk Factors for Suicide and Insights for Developing Suicide Prevention Technologies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Suicide is a termite that engulfs close to seven hundred thousand people worldwide each year. Existing work on risk factors that predict suicide lacks statistical associations, does not consider most countries, and has a wide range of risk factor domains. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to enhance our current understanding of suicidality by identifying risk factors that are most strongly associated with suicide and their impact on developing technological interventions for suicide prevention. A search strategy was carried out on four databases: (1) PsycINFO, (2) IEEE Xplore, (3) the ACM Digital Library, and (4) PubMed, and twenty-five studies were included based on the inclusion criteria. Factors statistically associated with suicide are any diagnosed mental disorder, adverse life events, past suicide attempts, low education level, loneliness or high levels of isolation, bipolar disorder, depression, multiple chronic health conditions, family history of suicide, sexual trauma, and being female. Domain-wise, comorbid disorders, and behavior-related risk factors are most strongly associated with suicide. We present a new hierarchical model of risk factors for suicide that advances our understanding of suicide and its causes. Finally, we present open research directions and considerations for developing suicide prevention technologies.

Investigation of COVID-19 fear, treatment compliance, and metabolic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus during the pandemic

AIMS

This study was carried out to investigate fear levels, treatment compliance, and metabolic control of type II Diabetes Mellitus patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

The study employed a single-center, observational design and was conducted between January and April 2021. The study consisted of 303 patients who attended the internal medicine outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Turkey. For data collection, the Patient Identification Form, COVID-19 Fear Scale, and the Type II Diabetes Treatment Compliance Scale were used. The study complied with the Helsinki Declaration criteria. IBM SPSS v25.0 statistics package program was used for data analysis.

RESULTS

The mean age of the patients was 45.8 ± 7.5 years, the mean duration of illness was 8.2 ± 3.6 years. Moreover, 40.6% of patients presented with poor levels of treatment compliance. In addition, the mean FCV-19S score of the patients was 29.1 ± 3.05. It was noticeable that those with high mean scores of FCV-19S had poor compliance with treatment and metabolic control during the pandemic (p < 0.05).

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

Fear of COVID-19 negatively affects treatment compliance and metabolic control of type II diabetes patients. The patients avoided attending their regular follow-ups at the hospital due to fear of contracting COVID-19. In order to reduce the fear of COVID-19 it is paramount to maintain optimum metabolic control and treatment compliance.