Family violence against children and adolescents in context: How the territories of care are imbricated in the picture

Violence against children and adolescents: nurse’s actions in primary health care

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the role of nurses in suspected or confirmed cases of violence against children and adolescents in Primary Health Care. Methods: an analytical research, with a qualitative approach. Thirty nurses participated in the study, and data were collected by means of an individual form and a semi-structured interview. The data received lexicographic analysis by the software IRaMuTeQ (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires) organized by Bardin’s content analysis. Results: five categories emerged, in which it was possible to consider that the nurses’ approach in cases of violence was based on the identification of violence through physical examination during nursing consultations, health promotion actions in the school environment, request for support from the multi-professional team, and transfer of responsibilities. Final Considerations: it is inferred that the fragility in the professional training of nurses to address situations of violence against children and adolescents produces deficits in comprehensive care for victims.

Conceptual frameworks for programs addressing violence against children: a scoping review

OBJECTIVE

Map the conceptual frameworks for programs addressing violence against children developed in primary health care.

METHOD

This is a scoping review that followed the methodological recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute. A reference manager and qualitative analysis software were used for data management and analysis.

RESULTS

1,346 studies were pre-selected and analyzed. The final sample consisted of 24 studies, mostly published in the 2000s. Three strategic actions were identified in programs: Home Visitation, Children Exposed to Violence, and Parenting Development, most of them focused on the level of intervention. No study explained the conceptual frameworks guiding the programs.

CONCLUSION

Mapped programs were well structured and essential for addressing domestic violence against children. They mainly adopted the multi-causal concept to understand the health-disease process, which was restricted to overcoming the contradictions of violence.

"I don´t have it, I didn´t have it": experiences of families involved in violence against children and adolescents

OBJECTIVES

to characterize and analyze the experiences of families involved in domestic violence against children and adolescents, based on the Paradigm of Complexity.

METHODS

qualitative research, in which data of 15 families was collected through documentary research, open interviews and field diary. The data were analyzed through thematic analysis.

RESULTS

two categories "I don't have it" and "I didn't have it" emerged, revealing the historicity that marks the violence experienced in the present. They include social vulnerability, maternal burden, associated with urban violence to which families are exposed. At the same time, stories of violence by the intimate partner, as well as intergenerational violence and drug abuse have impacted the current moment. Final Considerations: nursing can contribute to attribute new meaning to violent stories woven by families, as well as to the interdisciplinary construction of perspectives and interventions that consider the multiple violence and adversities to which such a population is exposed.

Violência e vulnerabilidade ao HIV/AIDS em jovens homossexuais e bissexuais

Resumo Objetivo Conhecer as percepções de jovens que se identificam como homossexuais ou bissexuais sobre violências vividas e identificar as possíveis relações com a vulnerabilidade ao HIV/AIDS. Métodos Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa com uso da Teoria das Representações Sociais e do conceito de vulnerabilidade com análise temática de conteúdo, desenvolvido em um centro de controle de deficiências imunológicas de uma universidade pública da Região Sudeste do Brasil, que oferecia atendimento multidisciplinar a portadores de HIV/AIDS. Participaram 13 jovens soroconvertidos entre 13 e 24 anos. O critério de seleção foi homens que se identificavam como homossexuais ou bissexuais, conforme terminologia utilizada no Boletim Epidemiológico de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e AIDS do Ministério da Saúde. Resultados Evidenciaram-se quatro categorias temáticas: “Homofobia e bullying”, “Violência sexual, familiar e institucional”, “Busca de apoio” e “Amor e apaixonamento”. Conclusão Os jovens homossexuais e bissexuais vivenciaram repetidas situações de agressões ao longo da infância e adolescência, percebendo as violências sexuais, familiares e institucionais como mais dolorosas e de difícil enfrentamento, e que apresentam relação com a vulnerabilidade ao HIV/AIDS.

Domestic violence against children and adolescents: social support network perspectives

Objective

To identify and analyze the social support network of families involved in violence against children and adolescents, from the perspective of health professionals and families in a municipality of the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods

This was a qualitative strategic social study, anchored in the paradigm of complexity. Data were collected from 41 health professionals and 15 families using institutional or personal network maps, and semi-structured interviews. Analysis was conducted by organizing the data, constructing theoretical frameworks, and categorizing resulting information.

Results

The category "weaving the network" was unveiled, with family experiences and professionals focused on a logic of fragmentation of care.

Final considerations

The creation and implementation of public policy are urgently needed to address the needs of this population, by empowering families and communities and developing research that respects the multidimensional nature of the phenomenon.