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Arteaga-Wences Y, Estrada-Angulo A, Ríos-Rincón FG, Castro-Pérez B, Mendoza-Cortéz D, Manriquez-Núñez O, Barreras A, Corona-Gochi L, Zinn R, Perea-Domínguez X, Plascencia A. The effects of feeding a standardized mixture of essential oils vs monensin on growth performance, dietary energy and carcass characteristics of lambs fed a high-energy finishing diet. Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chircov C, Matei MF, Neacșu IA, Vasile BS, Oprea OC, Croitoru AM, Trușcă RD, Andronescu E, Sorescu I, Bărbuceanu F. Iron Oxide-Silica Core-Shell Nanoparticles Functionalized with Essential Oils for Antimicrobial Therapies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1138. [PMID: 34572720 PMCID: PMC8467872 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a tremendous interest in the use of essential oils in biomedical applications due to their intrinsic antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, their low aqueous solubility and high volatility compromise their maximum potential, thus requiring the development of efficient supports for their delivery. Hence, this manuscript focuses on developing nanostructured systems based on Fe3O4@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles and three different types of essential oils, i.e., thyme, rosemary, and basil, to overcome these limitations. Specifically, this work represents a comparative study between co-precipitation and microwave-assisted hydrothermal methods for the synthesis of Fe3O4@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles. All magnetic samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) to study the impact of the synthesis method on the nanoparticle formation and properties, in terms of crystallinity, purity, size, morphology, stability, and magnetization. Moreover, the antimicrobial properties of the synthesized nanocomposites were assessed through in vitro tests on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. In this manner, this study demonstrated the efficiency of the core-shell nanostructured systems as potential applications in antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Chircov
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.N.); (B.S.V.); (A.-M.C.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria-Florentina Matei
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ionela Andreea Neacșu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.N.); (B.S.V.); (A.-M.C.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Stefan Vasile
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.N.); (B.S.V.); (A.-M.C.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu-Cristian Oprea
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Alexa-Maria Croitoru
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.N.); (B.S.V.); (A.-M.C.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Roxana-Doina Trușcă
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.N.); (B.S.V.); (A.-M.C.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Spl. Independentei, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionuț Sorescu
- Institute for Diagnosis and Animal Health, 050557 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Florica Bărbuceanu
- Institute for Diagnosis and Animal Health, 050557 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (F.B.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
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Blend of Essential Oils Supplemented Alone or Combined with Exogenous Amylase Compared with Virginiamycin Supplementation on Finishing Lambs: Performance, Dietary Energetics, Carcass Traits, and Nutrient Digestion. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082390. [PMID: 34438846 PMCID: PMC8388634 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Antibiotics have been extensively used as growth promoters in livestock, but current interests are focused on limiting the use of conventional antibiotics as feed additives in livestock production. Essential oil compounds belong to a “generally-recognized-as-safe” category of feed additives that may serve as alternatives to conventional antibiotics used as growth promoters. In this study, dietary supplementation of finishing lambs with essential oils alone, or combined with exogenous enzymes, improved dietary energy utilization and meat production in a manner comparable to that of the antibiotic virginiamycin. Abstract Two experiments were conducted to compare a supplemental blend of essential oils alone (EO) or combined with enzymes (EO + ENZ) versus virginiamycin (VM), on characteristics of growth performance (Exp. 1) and digestion (Exp. 2) in finishing lambs. Lambs were fed a high-energy finishing diet supplemented with: (1) no supplement (control); (2) 150 mg supplemental EO; (3) 150 mg supplemental EO plus 560 mg alpha-amylase (EO + ENZ); and 4) 25 mg VM. Compared with the control, growth performance response to EO and VM were similar, enhancing (5.7%, p < 0.05) feed efficiency and observed dietary net energy. Compared with control, supplementation with EO + ENZ tended (p = 0.09) to increase dry matter intake (6.8%), improving (p < 0.05) weight gain and feed efficiency (10.4 and 4.4%, respectively). Dietary energy utilization was greater (2.7%, p < 0.05) for EO and VM than EO + ENZ. Treatment effects on the carcass and visceral mass were small, but additive supplementation decreased (p ≤ 0.03) the relative weight of the intestines. There were no treatment effects on measures of digestion nor digestible energy of the diet. Supplemental EO may be an effective alternative to VM in high-energy finishing diets for feedlot lambs. Combination EO + ENZ may further enhance dry matter intake, promoting increased weight gain.
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Abdel-Wareth AAA, Al-Kahtani MA, Alsyaad KM, Shalaby FM, Saadeldin IM, Alshammari FA, Mobashar M, Suleiman MHA, Ali AHH, Taqi MO, El-Sayed HGM, El-Sadek MSA, Metwally AE, Ahmed AE. Combined Supplementation of Nano-Zinc Oxide and Thyme Oil Improves the Nutrient Digestibility and Reproductive Fertility in the Male Californian Rabbits. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122234. [PMID: 33261201 PMCID: PMC7761441 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of supplementing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), thyme oil (THO), or their combination on the reproductive parameters, nutrient digestibility coefficients, and some blood metabolites of male Californian rabbits. Results showed an improvement in the nutrients digestibility, liver and kidney functions, testosterone concentration, and semen characteristics (semen volume, sperm motility, vitality, and morphology). ZnO-NPs were more effective in improving the male fertility, while THO showed a marked improvement in nutrient digestibility. Therefore, the inclusion of ZnO-NPs, or THO, or both is recommended for a rabbit feeding regimen to improve the feeding profitability. Abstract The present study aimed to determine the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), thyme oil (THO), or their combination on the nutrient digestibility coefficients, reproductive parameters, and some blood metabolites of male Californian rabbits. One hundred rabbits, 29-weeks of age (initial body weight 3.48 ± 0.08 kg) were randomly distributed into four groups, 25 rabbits each. Treatment groups were fed a control diet, a control diet supplemented with ZnO-NPs (100 mg/kg), THO (500 mg/kg), or combination of ZnO-NPs (100 mg/kg) and THO (500 mg/kg). The feeding trial lasted for 35 days. Results showed improvements in dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, and crude fiber in ZnO-NPs, THO, and their combination treated groups compared to those of control. Furthermore, semen volume, sperm motility, vitality, and morphology were significantly improved (p < 0.01) in ZnO-NPs and THO groups rather than the control. Both ZnO-NPs and THO, as either individual or combined treatments significantly improved the serum alanine amino-transferase (ALT), aspartate amino-transferase (AST), urea, and creatinine compared to the control. Moreover, serum concentrations of testosterone were significantly increased in rabbits supplemented with ZnO-NPs, THO, or their combination compared to those of control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ZnO-NPs, THO, or their combination improved the digestibility of nutrients, liver/ kidney functions, semen characteristics, and testosterone concentration in male rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. A. Abdel-Wareth
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt; (A.A.A.A.-W.); (A.H.H.A.)
| | - Mohammed Ali Al-Kahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.-K.); (K.M.A.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Khalid Mushabab Alsyaad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.-K.); (K.M.A.); (F.M.S.)
- Director of Research Centre, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Mohsen Shalaby
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.-K.); (K.M.A.); (F.M.S.)
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Islam M. Saadeldin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519 , Egypt;
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahdah Ayed Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Literature, Northern Border University, Rafha 76312, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Mobashar
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Mohamed H. A. Suleiman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdalla H. H. Ali
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt; (A.A.A.A.-W.); (A.H.H.A.)
| | - Mohamed O. Taqi
- Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Dokki-Giza 12311, Egypt;
| | - Hazem G. M. El-Sayed
- Regional Centre for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agricultural Research Centre, Cairo 12619, Egypt;
| | | | - Abdallah E. Metwally
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.-K.); (K.M.A.); (F.M.S.)
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +966-0583414564
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