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Kowalski J, Puszkarz AK, Radwanski M, Sokolowski J, Cichomski M, Bourgi R, Hardan L, Sauro S, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Micro-CT Evaluation of Microgaps at Implant-Abutment Connection. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4491. [PMID: 37374674 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of microgaps at the implant-abutment interface is an important factor that may influence clinical success. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the size of microgaps between prefabricated and customised abutments (Astra Tech, Dentsply, York, PA, USA; Apollo Implants Components, Pabianice, Poland) mounted on a standard implant. The measurement of the microgap was performed using micro-computed tomography (MCT). Due to 15-degree rotation of samples, 24 microsections were obtained. Scans were performed at four levels established at the interface between the abutment and the implant neck. Moreover, the volume of the microgap was evaluated. The size of the microgap at all measured levels varied from 0.1 to 3.7 µm for Astra and from 0.1 to 4.9 µm for Apollo (p > 0.05). Moreover, 90% of the Astra specimens and 70% of the Apollo specimens did not exhibit any microgaps. The highest mean values of microgap size for both groups were detected at the lowest portion of the abutment (p > 0.05). Additionally, the average microgap volume was greater for Apollo than for Astra (p > 0.05). It can be concluded that most samples did not exhibit any microgaps. Furthermore, the linear and volumetric dimensions of microgaps observed at the interface between Apollo or Astra abutments and Astra implants were comparable. Additionally, all tested components presented microgaps (if any) that were clinically acceptable. However, the microgap size of the Apollo abutment was higher and more variable than that of the Astra one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kowalski
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Adam K Puszkarz
- Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Institute of Material Science of Textiles and Polymer Composites, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Radwanski
- Department of Endodontics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sokolowski
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michal Cichomski
- Department of Material Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Cienciasde la Salud, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, C/Del Pozo ss/n, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
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Moreno ALDM, dos Santos DM, Bertoz APDM, Goiato MC. Abutment on Titanium-Base Hybrid Implant: A Literature Review. Eur J Dent 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAn increase in the use of Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) technologies challenges the conventional prosthetic fabrication procedures that are practical and centered on a digital workflow for the patient, especially for dental implants. Increasing workflow of digital restoration work, considering computer-used CAM for restoration technology systems and also fast/CAM for building restoration technology; fast/CAD, also known as abut-Base, has increased interest. Studies on adaptation of different restorative materials, on titanium (Ti)-base abutments, traction, and transformed cycling have become relevant. The objective of this work was to research, through literature studies, on restoration-type abutments. A total of 24 articles were found after searching the following terms in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases: “ti-base AND abutment.” Twenty-one manuscripts selected from the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After an analysis of these articles, it was concluded that the Ti-base abutment and components from the same manufacturer as the Implant should be used preferably; milled monolithic crowns designed to adapt to the Ti-base the hybrid abutment-crown assembly does not affect torque maintenance after thermal aging; the saliva and cleaning protocol of the Ti-base bonding surfaces can influence the operations of the Ti-base crowns; Ti-base and Crown surface treatment is recommended for better applicability and stability results, and the superiority of resin-based cements compared with other types of cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz de Melo Moreno
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Micheline dos Santos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Coelho Goiato
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ožiūnas R, Sakalauskienė J, Jegelevičius D, Janužis G. A comparative biomechanical study of original and compatible titanium bases: evaluation of screw loosening and 3D-crown displacement following cyclic loading analysis. J Adv Prosthodont 2022; 14:70-77. [PMID: 35601348 PMCID: PMC9095448 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.2.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rimantas Ožiūnas
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurgina Sakalauskienė
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Darius Jegelevičius
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gintaras Janužis
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Bergamo ETP, Campos TMB, Lopes ACO, Cardoso KB, Gouvea MVR, de Araújo-Júnior ENS, Witek L, Gierthmühlen PC, Coelho PG, Benalcázar Jalkh EB, Zahoui A, de Carvalho LF, Bonfante EA. Hydrothermal aging affects the three-dimensional fit and fatigue lifetime of zirconia abutments. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 124:104832. [PMID: 34536801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effect of aging using two different methods on the three-dimensional fit of zirconia abutments at the implant-abutment connection and estimate the probability of survival of anterior crowns supported by straight and 17-degree angled abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two different zirconia abutment designs, straight and 17-degree angled abutments (n = 63/group), were evaluated in the current study. The abutments were randomly allocated into three experimental groups according to laboratory aging condition (134°C, 2.2 bar, 20 h): (i) control, (ii) autoclave aging, and (iii) hydrothermal reactor aging. Crystalline content was determined by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, and microstructure was analyzed using field-emission gun scanning electron microscope (FEG-SEM). Implant-abutment volume misfit was determined in the straight abutments by micro-computed tomography using the silicone replica technique. For fatigue testing, abutments were torqued to the implants and connected to standardized maxillary incisor zirconia crowns. The assemblies were subjected to step-stress accelerated life testing (SSALT) in water until fracture or suspension. The use level probability Weibull curves and probability of survival for a mission of 50,000 cycles at 50, 100, 150 and 200 N were calculated and plotted. Fractured samples were analyzed using a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. RESULTS The crystalline spectra depicted a zirconia system primarily composed of the tetragonal phase. Laboratory aging yielded a 20%- and 37%-increase in the monoclinic content for abutments aged in autoclave and hydrothermal reactor relative to control, respectively. A fully crystalline matrix with a regular grain size was observed in the FEG-SEM for control abutments, with a considerable presence of intergranular defects. While autoclave aging triggered no significant alteration to the microstructure, defect population was reduced after hydrothermal reactor aging. Control abutments presented a significantly higher volume misfit (2.128 ± 0.54 mm3) relative to aged abutments using autoclave (1.244 ± 0.48 mm3) or hydrothermal reactor (1.441 ± 0.41 mm3). The beta (β) values indicated that failures were predominantly controlled by material strength rather than fatigue damage accumulation for all groups, except for straight control abutments. Irrespective of aging, the probability of survival of straight and angled zirconia abutments was up to 95% (95-100%) at 50 and 100 N. A 50N-increase in the load resulted in wider range of survival estimate, with straight autoclave abutments percentage significantly lower probability of survival (77%) than angled hydrothermal reactor abutments (99%). At 200N, angled hydrothermal reactor (97%) or autoclave (82%) aged abutments demonstrated the highest probability of survival, angled control (71%) and straight hydrothermal reactor (69%) abutments intermediate values, and straight autoclave (23%) and control (7%) abutments the lowest estimate. The failure mode predominantly involved abutment and/or abutment screw fracture for both straight and angled abutments. CONCLUSIONS Hydrothermal aging significantly influenced volume misfit, as well as the probability of survival of zirconia abutments at higher loads for both angled and straight abutments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmara T P Bergamo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Tiago M B Campos
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Adolfo C O Lopes
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina B Cardoso
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcus V R Gouvea
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo N S de Araújo-Júnior
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Petra C Gierthmühlen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, USA; Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, 222 East 41st Street New York, NY, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Ernesto B Benalcázar Jalkh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil; Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abbas Zahoui
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura F de Carvalho
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Estevam A Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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