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Aghili SS, Jahangirnia A, Alam M, Oskouei AB, Golkar M, Badkoobeh A, Abbasi K, Mohammadikhah M, Karami S, Soufdoost RS, Namanloo RA, Talebi S, Amookhteh S, Hemmat M, Sadeghi S. The effect of photodynamic therapy in controlling the oral biofilm: A comprehensive overview. J Basic Microbiol 2023; 63:1319-1347. [PMID: 37726220 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Several resistance mechanisms are involved in dental caries, including oral biofilms. An accumulation of bacteria on the surface of teeth is called plaque. Periodontitis and gingivitis are caused by dental plaque. In this review article, we aimed to review the studies associated with the application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) to prevent and treat various microbial biofilm-caused oral diseases in recent decades. There are several studies published in PubMed that have described antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) effects on microorganisms. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the potential of APDT for treating endodontic, periodontal, and mucosal infections caused by bacteria as biofilms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are activated in the presence of oxygen by integrating a nontoxic photosensitizer (PS) with appropriate wavelength visible light. By causing irreversible damage to microorganisms, ROS induces some biological and photochemical events. Testing several wavelengths has been conducted to identify potential PS for APDT. A standard protocol is not yet available, and the current review summarizes findings from dental studies on APDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Sara Aghili
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Alam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asal Bagherzadeh Oskouei
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Golkar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashkan Badkoobeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Kamyar Abbasi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Mohammadikhah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Sahar Talebi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samira Amookhteh
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmat
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sima Sadeghi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Tonon CC, de Souza Rastelli AN, Bodahandi C, Ghosh G, Hasan T, Xu Q, Greer A, Lyons AM. Superhydrophobic Tipped Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Device for the In Vivo Treatment of Periodontitis Using a Wistar Rat Model. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:50083-50094. [PMID: 37862708 PMCID: PMC10800031 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Limited options exist for treatment of periodontitis; scaling and root planing (SRP) are not sufficient to eradicate P. gingivalis and the resulting inflammatory disease. Chlorhexidine (CHX), used as an adjuvant to SRP, may reduce bacterial loads but leads to pain and staining, while evidence for its efficacy is lacking. Antibiotics are effective but can lead to drug-resistance. The rising concern of antibiotic resistance limits the future use of this treatment approach. This study evaluates the efficacy of a novel superhydrophobic (SH) antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) device as an adjuvant to SRP for the treatment of periodontitis induced in a Wistar rat in vivo model relative to CHX. The SH-aPDT device comprises an SH silicone rubber strip coated with verteporfin photosensitizer (PS), sterilized, and secured onto a tapered plastic optical fiber tip connected to a red diode laser. The superhydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) strips were fabricated by using a novel soluble template method that creates a medical-grade elastomer with hierarchical surface roughness without the use of nanoparticles. Superhydrophobicity minimizes direct contact of the PS-coated surface with bacterial biofilms. Upon insertion of the device tip into the pocket and energizing the laser, the device generates singlet oxygen that effectively targets and eliminates bacteria within the periodontal pocket. SH-aPDT treatment using 125 J/cm2 of red light on three consecutive days reduced P. gingivalis significantly more than SRP-CHX controls (p < 0.05). Clinical parameters significantly improved (p < 0.05), and histology and stereometry results demonstrated SH-aPDT to be the most effective treatment for improving healing and reducing inflammation, with an increase in fibroblast cells and extracellular matrix and a reduction in vascularization, inflammatory cells, and COX-2 expression. The SH-aPDT approach resulted in complete disease clearance assessed 30 days after treatment initiation with significant reduction of the periodontal pocket and re-formation of the junctional epithelium at the enamel-cementum junction. PS isolation on a SH strip minimizes the potential for bacteria to develop resistance, where the treatment may be aided by the oxygen supply retained within the SH surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Coradi Tonon
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom St, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Alessandra Nara de Souza Rastelli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, 1680 Humaita St., Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Chathuna Bodahandi
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, VentureLink, Room 524B, 211 Warren St, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom St, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - QianFeng Xu
- SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, VentureLink, Room 524B, 211 Warren St, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Alexander Greer
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States
- SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, VentureLink, Room 524B, 211 Warren St, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, United States
| | - Alan M. Lyons
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
- SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, VentureLink, Room 524B, 211 Warren St, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
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AlSunbul H, Murriky A. Efficacy of methylene blue and curcumin mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of indirect pulp capping in permanent molar teeth. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103598. [PMID: 37150490 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the adhesive bond strength and antibacterial efficacy of methylene blue (MB)-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and curcumin (CUR)-mediated aPDT versus the conventional disinfectants, such as chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) gel and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), for indirect pulp capping (IPC) treatment of permanent molars. METHODS One Hundred grossly carious human permanent molars were collected through non-traumatic extraction. All specimens were embedded in polyvinyl cross-sections to the cemento-enamel junction. The cavity preparation was conducted by grinding the samples using silicon carbide discs. After culturing Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), a 10 µL of S. mutans suspension (106 colony forming units/mL) was transferred in each tooth cavity and anaerobically incubated for 48 hours at 37°C. All specimens were randomly divided into 5 groups: Group-I: samples treated IPC; Group-II: samples treated with 2% CHX gel; Group-III: samples treated with 6% NaOCl; Group-IV: irradiation of prepared cavity with MB-mediated aPDT; and Group-V: irradiation of prepared cavity with CUR-mediated aPDT. After disinfection methods, the universal adhesive was used, and all specimens were restored using giomer. Eventually, confocal laser scanning microscopy, shear bond strength (SBS), micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS), four-point bending strength (4P-BS) analyses were performed, and the data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS At baseline, the highest SBS (48.8 ± 6.5 MPa), μTBS (54.3 ± 3.9 MPa), and 4P-BS (123 ± 32 MPa) scores were demonstrated by the samples treated with MB-mediated aPDT. However, after 12 months of storage, the highest SBS (42.3 ± 3.9 MPa) and μTBS (45.2 ± 6.6 MPa) scores were shown by samples treated with MB-mediated aPDT, while CUR-mediated aPDT treated samples demonstrated the highest 4P-BS scores (70 ± 18 MPa). Moreover, the highest antibacterial activity against S. mutans was shown by the samples treated with MB-mediated aPDT. CONCLUSIONS The application of aPDT, especially MB-mediated, demonstrated superior SBS, μTBS, and 4P-BS values as well as antibacterial activity against S. mutans as compared to 2% CHX gel and 6% NaOCl as cavity disinfectants for IPC treatment of permanent molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan AlSunbul
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Afraa Murriky
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Utkina EI, Gorbatova MA, Grjibovski AM, Gorbatova LN, Simakova AA. [Potentialities of photoactivated disinfection in dentistry]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2023; 102:84-90. [PMID: 37144773 DOI: 10.17116/stomat202310202184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Infection control is an essential part of dental practice. Oral antiseptics should be highly effective against the most common oral pathogens without causing microbial resistance, biocompatible with the human tissues with no interaction with fillings materials. Photoactivated disinfection (PAD) is based on activation of photosensitizers - specific substances releasing active oxygen forms after absorption of the light. The active oxygen forms destroy bacterial cell structures without affecting human cells. The overwhelming majority of Russian and international researchers have reported high effectiveness of PAD in periodontics, implantology and endodontics, whereas the use of PAD in caries treatment and prevention is not so fully understood yet. Earlier studies have demonstrated high sensitivity of cariogenic bacteria to PAD, suggesting it as an additional minimally invasive caries therapy improving treatment effectiveness. PAD spares dental tissues without reduction in the effectiveness of disinfection. It is particularly important in treatment of deep carious lesions and disinfection of thin dentine layer near the pulp. Effectiveness of PAD in caries treatment has been demonstrated for both permanent and deciduous dentition. PAD doesn't affect bond strength to fillings, improves plasticity of dental pulp and dental hard tissues mineralization in children. Effective control of a wide range of bacteria without causing resistance makes PAD a prospective method of treatment and prevention of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Utkina
- Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - M A Gorbatova
- Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - A M Grjibovski
- Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
- West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan
- Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - L N Gorbatova
- Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - A A Simakova
- Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
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Zhong Z, Zhang Y, Fu X, Liu S, Zhang C, Guo W, Xu X, Liao L. Construction of photo-induced zinc-doped carbon dots based on drug-resistant bactericides and their application for local treatment. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:5365-5377. [PMID: 36540119 PMCID: PMC9724749 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00375a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this project, we propose a highly effective photosensitizer that breaks through drug-resistant bacterial infections with zinc-doped carbon dots. By passing through the membrane of drug-resistant bacteria, the photosensitizers produce ROS in bacteria under the action of blue light to directly kill bacteria, so as to realize the antibacterial local treatment of drug-resistant bacteria. The experiment firstly uses an efficient one-step hydrothermal method to prepare zinc-doped red-light CDs as photosensitizers, in which zinc metal was doped to improve the optical properties of the CDs. Then we try first to use EDTA as a second-step attenuator for preparing CDs to obtain photosensitizers with high-efficiency and low toxicity. In vitro cytotoxicity tests, bacterial effect tests, and in vivo animal experiments have also demonstrated that this antibacterial method has great potential for clinical translation, with a bactericidal efficiency of up to 90%. More notably, we used this antibacterial regimen seven times repeatedly to simulate the bacterial resistance process, with a bactericidal efficiency of up to 90% every time. The result indicated that S. aureus did not develop resistance to our method, showing that our method has the potential to break through drug-resistant bacterial infections as an alternative to antibiotic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoling Zhong
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Yaoyao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Xiaoyun Fu
- Neijiang Medical School in Sichuan Province Neijiang 641199 China
| | - Shuyao Liu
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Chuanwei Zhang
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Weijie Guo
- West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Liyun Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College 783, Xindu Avenue Chengdu 610500 China
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Applications of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy against Bacterial Biofilms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063209. [PMID: 35328629 PMCID: PMC8953781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and allied photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy have shown remarkable activity against bacterial pathogens in both planktonic and biofilm forms. There has been little or no resistance development against antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Furthermore, recent developments in therapies that involve antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in combination with photothermal hyperthermia therapy, magnetic hyperthermia therapy, antibiotic chemotherapy and cold atmospheric pressure plasma therapy have shown additive and synergistic enhancement of its efficacy. This paper reviews applications of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and non-invasive combination therapies often used with it, including sonodynamic therapy and nanozyme enhanced photodynamic therapy. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm mechanisms are discussed. This review proposes that these technologies have a great potential to overcome the bacterial resistance associated with bacterial biofilm formation.
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Plant extract incorporated into glass ionomer cement as a photosensitizing agent for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on Streptococcus mutans. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102788. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tuchin VV, Genina EA, Tuchina ES, Svetlakova AV, Svenskaya YI. Optical clearing of tissues: Issues of antimicrobial phototherapy and drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 180:114037. [PMID: 34752842 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This review presents principles and novelties in the field of tissue optical clearing (TOC) technology, as well as application for optical monitoring of drug delivery and effective antimicrobial phototherapy. TOC is based on altering the optical properties of tissue through the introduction of immersion optical cleaning agents (OCA), which impregnate the tissue of interest. We also analyze various methods and kinetics of delivery of photodynamic agents, nanoantibiotics and their mixtures with OCAs into the tissue depth in the context of antimicrobial and antifungal phototherapy. In vitro and in vivo studies of antimicrobial phototherapies, such as photodynamic, photothermal plasmonic and photocatalytic, are summarized, and the prospects of a new TOC technology for effective killing of pathogens are discussed.
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Krechetov SP, Miroshkina AM, Yakovtseva MN, Mochalova EN, Babenyshev AV, Maslov IV, Loshkarev AA, Krasnyuk II. Radachlorin-Containing Microparticles for Photodynamic Therapy. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 11:458-468. [PMID: 34513620 PMCID: PMC8421630 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Reducing the undesirable systemic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be achieved by incorporating a photosensitizer in microparticles (MPs). This study is devoted to the preparation of biocompatible biodegradable MPs with the inclusion of the natural photosensitizer Radachlorin (RС) and an assessment of the possibility of their use for PDT. Methods: RC-containing MPs (RС MPs) with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer (PLGA) matrix were prepared by a double emulsion solvent evaporation methods. The size and morphology of RC MPs were surveyed using scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The content of RC, its release from RC MPs, and singlet oxygen generation were evaluated by the optical spectroscopy. Cellular uptake and cytotoxic photodynamic effect of RC MPs were investigated with in vitro assays. Results: The average diameter of the prepared RC MPs was about 2-3 μm. The RC MPs prepared by the water/oil/oil method had a significantly higher inclusion of RC (1.74 μg/mg) then RC MPs prepared by the water/oil/water method (0.089 μg/mg). Exposure of the prepared RC MPs to PDT light radiation was accompanied by the singlet oxygen generation and a cytotoxic effect for tumor cells. The release of the RC from the RC MPs was prolonged and lasted at least two weeks. Conclusion: PLGA RC MPs were found to cause a photoactivated cytotoxic effect for tumor cells and can be used for local application in PDT of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Petrovich Krechetov
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Maria Nikolaevna Yakovtseva
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Andrey Vadimovich Babenyshev
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Ivan Vladimirovich Maslov
- Center for Research on Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Ivan Ivanovich Krasnyuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Antimicrobial effects of photodynamic therapy with Fotoenticine on Streptococcus mutans isolated from dental caries. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102303. [PMID: 33887495 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising strategy to control cariogenic pathogens, such as Streptococcus mutans. Seeking to reach the total bacterial elimination from dental surfaces, novel photosensitizers have been investigated, such as Fotoenticine (FTC) derived from chlorin e6. The objective of this study was to investigate the photodynamic effects of FTC against several clinical strains of S. mutans. Clinical isolates were obtained from patients with active carious lesions, identified by molecular analysis and subjected to PDT using laser irradiation (660 nm and 39.5 J/cm2) in planktonic and biofilm stages. We identified 11 S. mutans strains from cervical, occlusal and proximal caries. PDT mediated by FTC has totally eliminated the S. mutans cells in planktonic growth for all analyzed strains. In biofilms, PDT with FTC reached statistically significant reductions compared with the non-treated control group, at 5.4, 5.5 and 6.5 Log10 (CFU/mL), respectively, for the strains from proximal, occlusal and cervical caries. The scanning electron microscopy evaluations confirmed that PDT mediated by FTC was able to disaggregate and kill the S. mutans cells adhered to enamel surface, suggesting its potential to disinfect the dental tissues.
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Photodynamic optimization by combination of xanthene dyes on different forms of Streptococcus mutans: An in vitro study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 33:102191. [PMID: 33497812 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The photokilling rate in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) is highly related to interaction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced, ability of photosensitizers (PS) in incorporating into microorgansims and light devices/microorganism type. Since xanthene dyes (Rose Bengal and Erythrosine) are present in the dental practice as PS, have high quantum yield of singlet oxygen and are efficiently incorporated into bacterial cells, the additive bactericidal ability of a combination of xanthene dyes was tested on planktonic cultures and biofilms of Streptococcus mutans when irradiated by a hand-held LED photopolymerizer unit. METHODS Planktonic cultures of S. mutans (UA 159 ATCC 700610) were grown in BHI broth with 1 % sucrose. This culture was exposed to a concentrations of Rose Bengal (RB) and Erythrosine (ER) at 1.5, 3.5 μM, in combination (RB + ER + L+) / alone (RB + L+/ ER + L+) and irradiated with a blue LED high light intensity (L). Accordingly, concentrations of dyes and time irradiation were increased in 10 times and applied on 120 h - biofilms of S. mutans and compared with a 0.12 % Chlorhexidine solution (0.12 % - CHX). For statistical analysis, parametrical procedures were applied (n = 6; ANOVA test and Tukey post hoc test; α = 0.05) and data transformed into log 10. RESULTS Substantial antimicrobial reduction was verified in planktonic cultures (∼ 7 log reduction) and biofilm (∼ 1 log reduction) for combined a-PDT group (RB + ER + L+) presenting a significant statistical difference to control group (p < 0.05) with similar effect to CHX group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Different forms of S. mutans can be effectively controlled by photodynamic therapy and optimized when in combination of xanthene dyes.
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Chemo-mechanical and photodynamic approach in A deep dental cavity: A case report. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:101954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Fekrazad R, Khoei F, Bahador A, Hakimiha N. Comparison of different modes of photo-activated disinfection against Porphyromonas gingivalis: An in vitro study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:101951. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Silva Teófilo MÍ, de Carvalho Russi TMAZ, de Barros Silva PG, Balhaddad AA, Melo MAS, Rolim JPML. The Impact of Photosensitizer Selection on Bactericidal Efficacy Of PDT against Cariogenic Biofilms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102046. [PMID: 33031937 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are investigations on multiple photosensitizers for modulation of caries-related biofilms using PDT. However, much controversy remains about recommended parameters mostly on the selection of an efficient photosensitizer. OBJECTIVE The study performed a systematic review to identify the answer to the following question: What photosensitizers present high bactericidal efficacy against cariogenic biofilms? METHODS Systematic review with meta-analyses were carried out for English language articles from October to December 2019 (PRISMA standards) using MEDLINE, Scopus, Biomed Central, EMBASE, LILACS, and Web of Science. Information on study design, biofilm model, photosensitizer, light source, energy delivery, the incubation time for photosensitizer, and bacterial reduction outcomes were recorded. We performed two meta-analyses to compare bacterial reduction, data was expressed by (1) base 10 Logarithm values and (2) Log reduction RESULTS: After the eligibility criteria were applied (PEDro scale), the selected studies showed that toluidine Blue Ortho (TBO) and methylene blue (MBO) (5-min incubation time and 5-min irradiation) demonstrated better bacterial reduction outcomes. For the data expressed by Log TBO, MBO, curcumin, and Photogem® presented a significant bacterial decrease in comparison to the control (p = 0.042). For the data represented by Log reduction, the bacterial reduction toward S.mutans was not significant for any photosensitizer (p = 0.679). CONCLUSION The lack of methodological standardization among the studies still hinders the establishment of photosensitizer and bactericidal efficiency. TBO, MBO, curcumin, and photogem generate greater PDT-based bacterial reduction on caries-related bacteria.. Further clinical studies are necessary in order to obtain conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Abdulrahman A Balhaddad
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Dentistry, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mary Anne S Melo
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Division of Operative Dentistry, Dept. of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Juliana P M L Rolim
- Department of Dentistry, Christus University Center (Unichristus), Fortaleza, Brazil.
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Pourhajibagher M, Bahador A. Computational Biology Analysis of COVID-19 Receptor-Binding Domains: A Target Site for Indocyanine Green Through Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. J Lasers Med Sci 2020; 11:433-441. [PMID: 33425294 PMCID: PMC7736941 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The receptor-binding domain (RBD) in SARS-CoV-2 binds strongly to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a well-established treatment option for the treatment of several viral infections. This in silico study was conducted to target the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 as a target site for aPDT. Methods: SARS-CoV-2-RBD was selected as a novel target for indocyanine green (ICG) as a photosensitizer during aPDT to exploit its molecular modeling, hierarchical nature of protein structure, and physico-chemical properties using several bioinformatic tools. The binding mode of the RBD to ICG was assessed via protein-ligand docking. Results: The results of a computational biology analysis revealed that SARS-CoV-2-RBD has 223 amino acids with a molecular weight of 25098.40 Da. RBD is most similar to 6W41 with an E-value of 4e-167, identity of 100%, and query cover of 100%. The aliphatic index of the RBD protein sequences was 71.61, suggesting that the protein is stable in a broad spectrum of temperatures. The predicted structure of RBD showed that it is a protein with a positive charge and a random coil structure (69.51%). Four ligands were modeled in this entry, including one N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (NAG), one glycerol (GOL), and two sulfate ions (SO4 ), to which ICG desires to bind in the molecular docking analysis. Conclusion: Molecular modeling and simulation analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2-RBD could be a substrate for binding to ICG during aPDT to control the spread of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kim Y, Park H, Lee J, Seo H, Lee S. Effect of Indocyanine Green and Infrared Diode Laser to Streptococcus mutans Biofilms. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:646-652. [PMID: 32758054 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the effects of the indocyanine green (ICG)-near-infrared (NIR) photoreaction on Streptococcus mutans biofilms. Background: ICG recently emerged as a photosensitive agent for photodynamic therapy. Although the effects of ICG-NIR on S. mutans inhibition are documented, little is known about its influence on biofilms, which are resistant to antimicrobial treatment and a major cause of plaque that leads to dental caries. Methods: ICG was used as a photosensitizer with a diode laser irradiated in a rectangular shape (810 nm, 300 mW) as a light source on S. mutans ATCC 25175 biofilms. Viability was determined by the colony forming unit (CFU) count and confocal laser-scanning microscopy. The biofilm surface temperature was measured with a one-channel thermocouple thermometer. Results: ICG and NIR diode laser significantly decreased the CFU count of S. mutans compared with the control group in a time-dependent manner. When irradiated with light after ICG application, temperature changes of 8.4°C, 12.4°C, and 14.9°C were observed with 10, 30, and 60 sec of irradiation, respectively. Conclusions: The ICG-NIR diode laser photoreaction can inhibit S. mutans biofilms, especially at 60 sec. An optimized protocol is needed for clinical application of ICG-NIR diode laser treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeowon Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Howon Park
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Juhyun Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Seo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Siyoung Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
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Exposure of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis to blue light in an oral biofilm model. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:709-718. [PMID: 31713778 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02903-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The potential anti-cariogenic effect of blue light was evaluated using an oral biofilm model. Two species, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, were cultivated ex vivo on bovine enamel blocks for 24 h, either separately or mixed together, then exposed to blue light (wavelengths 400-500 nm) using 112 J/cm2. Twenty four or 48 h after exposure to light the biofilm structure and biomass were characterized and quantified using SEM and qPCR, respectively. Bacterial viability was analyzed by CLSM using live/dead bacterial staining. Gene expression was examined by RT-qPCR. After exposure to light, S. mutans biomass in mono-species biofilm was increased mainly by dead bacteria, relative to control. However, the bacterial biomass of S. mutans when grown in mixed biofilm and of S. sanguinis in mono-species biofilm was reduced after light exposure, with no significant change in viability when compared to control. Furthermore, when grown separately, an upregulation of gene expression related to biofilm formation of S. mutans, and downregulation of similar genes of S. sanguinis, were measured 24 h after exposure to blue light. However, in mixed biofilm, a downregulation of those genes in both species was observed, although not significant in S. mutans. In conclusion, blue light seems to effectively alter the bacterial biomass by reducing the viability and virulence characteristics in both bacterial species and may promote the anti-cariogenic balance between them, when grown in a mixed biofilm. Therefore, exposure of oral biofilm to blue light has the potential to serve as a complementary approach in preventive dentistry.
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18
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Kang SM, Jung HI, Kim BI. Susceptibility of oral bacteria to antibacterial photodynamic therapy. J Oral Microbiol 2019; 11:1644111. [PMID: 31448062 PMCID: PMC6691882 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2019.1644111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective methods for managing the oral microbiome are necessary to ensure not only the oral but also the systemic health of a human body. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of four photosensitizers (PSs) to blue light in six representative oral bacterial species that cause intraoral diseases. The following six strains were investigated: Actinomyces israelii, Enterococcus faecium, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Lactobacillus gasseri, Streptococcus mutans, Veillonella parvula. PS stock solutions (1 mg/ml) were prepared by dissolving curcumin and protoporphyrin-IX in dimethyl sulfoxide, and resazurin and riboflavin in distilled water. The inoculation of 20 ml of a bacterial suspension cultured for 24 hours was mixed with 1,980 ml of each test solution, and then a light source was placed in front of the mixture. The irradiation wavelength was 405 nm and its applied energy was 25.3 J. The independent-samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance within groups were performed to compare the antibacterial effects in the four PSs. The antibacterial susceptibility when using different PSs and visible blue-light irradiation differed between the bacterial strains. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy that includes light exposure and PSs can be used to control the oral bacteria strains related to oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Mook Kang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, BK 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoi-In Jung
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, BK 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Il Kim
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, BK 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Azizi A, Shohrati P, Goudarzi M, Lawaf S, Rahimi A. Comparison of the effect of photodynamic therapy with curcumin and methylene Blue on streptococcus mutans bacterial colonies. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 27:203-209. [PMID: 31176042 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a bacterium that colonizes in the mouth and is a common cause of dental caries and periodontal diseases. This bacterium comprises 70% of the bacteria in the dental plaque. Although tooth decay is a multifactorial complication, S. mutans biofilms are the main cause of cavitated carious lesions. Considering the importance of this microorganism, we aimed at investigating the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using curcumin (CUR) and methylene blue (MB) photosensitizers on S. mutans. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in-vitro experimental study, first, samples of S. mutans were prepared in 110 test tubes and were randomly assigned to 11 groups after colony counting: 1) Positive control group, 2) Negative control group, 3) CUR extract group, 4) 460-nm laser group, 5) 460-nm continuous laser + CUR group, 6) 460-nm discontinues 50% duty cycle (DC) laser + CUR group, 7) 660-nm laser group, 8) 660-nm laser + MB group, 9) MB group, 10) dental light-curing group, and 11) chlorhexidine (CHX) group. After the intervention, cultivation was performed again in blood agar medium, and the bacterial colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml) were counted again. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. RESULTS CHX and 460-nm low-level continuous laser + CUR had the highest and most significant effect on inhibiting the growth of S. mutans bacterial colonies and showed significant differences with other groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION According to the results, MB- and CUR-mediated PDT can significantly eradicate S. mutans colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Azizi
- Oral medicine department, Faculty of dentistry, Tehran medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parastoo Shohrati
- Oral medicine department, Faculty of dentistry, Tehran medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shirin Lawaf
- Prosthodontics department, Faculty of dentistry, Tehran medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran. Iran.
| | - Arash Rahimi
- Biophysics department, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
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In- vitro-activity of additive application of hydrogen peroxide in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using LED in the blue spectrum against bacteria and biofilm associated with periodontal disease. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 26:306-312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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21
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Pourhajibagher M, Kazemian H, Chiniforush N, Hosseini N, Pourakbari B, Azizollahi A, Rezaei F, Bahador A. Exploring different photosensitizers to optimize elimination of planktonic and biofilm forms of Enterococcus faecalis from infected root canal during antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:206-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Tokubo LM, Rosalen PL, de Cássia Orlandi Sardi J, Freires IA, Fujimaki M, Umeda JE, Barbosa PM, Tecchio GO, Hioka N, de Freitas CF, Suga Terada RS. Antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy using erythrosine/methylene blue combination on Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 23:94-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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23
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Terra Garcia M, Correia Pereira AH, Figueiredo-Godoi LMA, Jorge AOC, Strixino JF, Junqueira JC. Photodynamic therapy mediated by chlorin-type photosensitizers against Streptococcus mutans biofilms. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:256-261. [PMID: 30157462 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be used for the control of oral pathogens and different photosensitizers (PS) have been investigated. This study evaluated the efficacy of PDT against Streptococcus mutans biofilms using two second-generation PS derived from chlorin: Photoditazine® (PDZ) and Fotoenticine® (FTC). These PS were compared to methylene blue (MB), a dye with proven antimicrobial activity against S. mutans. Suspensions of S. mutans were cultured in contact with bovine tooth disks for biofilm formation. After 48 h, the biofilms were treated with PDZ (0.6 mg/mL), FTC (0.6 mg/mL) or MB (1 mg/mL) and submitted to laser irradiation (660 nm, 50 mW/cm2). The biofilms were quantified by the determination of CFU/mL count and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All PS used for PDT reduced the number of S. mutans, with a statistically significant difference compared to the untreated groups. PDT achieved microbial reductions of 4 log with MB and 6 log with PDZ, while the use of FTC resulted in the complete elimination of S. mutans biofilms. SEM analysis confirmed the CFU/mL results, showing that all PS, particularly FTC, were able to detach the biofilms and to eliminate the bacteria. In conclusion, PDT mediated by chlorin-type PS exhibited greater antimicrobial activity against S. mutans than MB-mediated PDT, indicating that these PS can be useful for the control of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Terra Garcia
- Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
| | - André Henrique Correia Pereira
- Laboratório de Terapia Fotodinâmica, Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (IP&D), Universidade do Vale do Paraíba/UNIVAP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Ferreira Strixino
- Laboratório de Terapia Fotodinâmica, Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (IP&D), Universidade do Vale do Paraíba/UNIVAP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Campos Junqueira
- Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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Ahrari F, Shahabi M, Fekrazad R, Eslami N, Mazhari F, Ghazvini K, Emrani N. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy of Lactobacillus acidophilus by indocyanine green and 810-nm diode laser. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:145-149. [PMID: 30153475 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using EmunDo as a photosensitizer against Lactobacillus acidophilus. A gallium aluminum arsenide diode laser was used in this experiment (810 nm, CW). Standard suspensions of Lactobacillus acidophilus were divided into six groups by treatment: 1) EmunDo, 2) diode laser (100 mW, 90 s), 3) diode laser (300 mW, 30 s); 4) EmunDo + diode laser (100 mW, 90 s), 5) EmunDo + diode laser (300 mW, 30 s), 6) control (no treatment). Bacterial suspensions from each group were subcultured onto the surface of MRS agar plates immediately and 24 h after treatment, and the viable microorganisms of Lactobacillus acidophilus were counted. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and student's t-test at p < 0.05. There was a significant between-group difference in the number of Lactobacillus acidophilus colonies in cell cultures obtained at 24 h after treatment (p < 0.001). The viable counts were significantly lower in EmunDo and both PDT groups, as compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). In the control and laser-irradiated groups, the number of colonies increased significantly at 24 h compared to the immediately after treatment (p < 0.05), whereas in both PDT groups, the number of colonies showed a significant reduction after 24 h of therapy (p < 0.05). Under the conditions used in this study, L. acidophilus colonies were susceptible to PDT after sensitization with EmunDo and exposure to diode laser. These findings imply that PDT is capable to reduce cariogenic bacteria, potentially leading to more conservative cavity preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Ahrari
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Shahabi
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty - Laser Research Center in Medical Science, AJA University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran and International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Eslami
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mazhari
- Dental Material Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kiarash Ghazvini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloofar Emrani
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Pinheiro SL, Segatti B, Pucca DS, Dutra PT. Dental acid etchant as a sensitizing agent in photodynamic therapy to reduce S. mutans in dentinal carious lesions. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 34:305-309. [PMID: 30027423 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to assess the utility of dental acid etchant containing 37% phosphoric acid and methylene blue dye (DAE) as a sensitizing agent for photodynamic therapy (PDT) to reduce Streptococci mutans in dentinal caries. Forty-five permanent third molars were sectioned and the coronal dentin exposed. A cariogenic challenge was performed using brain-heart infusion (BHI) supplemented with 0.5% yeast extract, 1% glucose, 1% sucrose, and S. mutans ATCC 25175 standardized to 0.5 McFarland turbidity. Specimens were incubated in anaerobic jars at 37 °C for 15 days. During this period, BHI broth was renewed every 24 h. After 15 days, specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 15): DAE, application of dental acid etchant containing 37% phosphoric acid and methylene blue dye for 15 s; LLL, application of low-level laser (wavelength 660 nm, energy 4 J/cm2, power 5 W) for 15 s; and PDT, application of DAE for 15 s followed by LLL irradiation (660 nm, 4 J/cm2, 5 W). Carious tissue from each specimen was collected before and after the applications. Five decimal dilutions were performed and the resulting solution was seeded in mitis-salivarius-bacitracin agar. Plates were incubated in anaerobic jars at 37 °C for 48 h. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Tukey's test was used to compare total S. mutans counts. Significant reductions in S. mutans were observed after DAE application (40.70%, p < 0.0001), LLL (12.35%, p = 0.0036), and PDT (55.22%, p < 0.0001). Dental acid etchant containing 37% phosphoric acid and methylene blue dye can be used as a photosensitizing agent for PDT to reduce S. mutans burden in dentinal caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Luiz Pinheiro
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Av. John Boyd Dunlop, S/N°, Campinas, SP, 13086-900, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Segatti
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Av. John Boyd Dunlop, S/N°, Campinas, SP, 13086-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sartorelli Pucca
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Av. John Boyd Dunlop, S/N°, Campinas, SP, 13086-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Tessaro Dutra
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Av. John Boyd Dunlop, S/N°, Campinas, SP, 13086-900, Brazil
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Yassaei S, Zandi H, Aghili H, Rafiei E, Mosayebi N. Evaluation of the effect of two types of laser on the growth of streptococcus mutans. Laser Ther 2018; 27:119-123. [PMID: 30087531 DOI: 10.5978/islsm.18-or-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims This study was done to compare the antibacterial effect of Photodynamic therapy (PDT) on streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) using two different light sources and photosensitizers (PS). Materials and methods Five groups were studied in this research:no light and no toluidine blue ortho (TBO) as PS for control group, irradiation only (CO2 laser or Nd:YAG laser), and irradiation with PS (CO2 laser and TBO or Nd:YAG laser and TBO). Standard suspensions of S. mutans, based on the type of group, were used in different PDTs. Bacterial suspension from each treatment was subcultured onto the surface of Mueller-Hinton agar plates, and bacterial growth was assessed. The results were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results There was a statistically significant reduction in the viability of S. mutans in TBO with CO2 laser and TBO with Nd:YAG laser groups (p value < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between control and groups treated with lasers only. The highest number of the colonies of S. mutans in treated groups was observed in CO2 laser irradiation only and the lowest number was seen in CO2 laser with TBO. In the groups irradiated alone (without TBO), no significant reduction of colonies was observed. There was no significant difference between the experimental groups. Conclusions The colonies of S. mutans were susceptible to either CO2 laser or Nd:YAG laser in the presence of TBO with no significant difference. So these lasers with this photosensitizer may be useful in prevention of dental caries and antimicrobial treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soghra Yassaei
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hengameh Zandi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Aghili
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Elahe Rafiei
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Neda Mosayebi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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The in vitro effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on dental microcosm biofilms from partially erupted permanent molars: A pilot study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 21:163-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Lee HJ, Kang SM, Jeong SH, Chung KH, Kim BI. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy with curcumin and Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract against Streptococcus mutans. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 20:116-119. [PMID: 28890211 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to conventional antibacterial chemotherapy. This has prompted the application of antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in bacteria-related diseases due to its excellent biocide effects. However, few studies have attempted to develop a novel photosensitizer based on natural components. The aim of the present study was to compare the aPDT effects of curcumin and Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract (CXE) against Streptococcus mutans. METHODS A planktonic suspension containing an S. mutans strain was treated in three separate groups: aPDT with curcumin, CXE, and a mixture of curcumin and CXE (ratio= 1:1) at concentrations of 0, 10, 102, 103, and 104ng/ml. Light irradiation with a center wavelength of 405nm was applied using an LED (power density of 84.5mW for 300s at an energy density of 25.3J/cm2). The phototoxicity of photosensitizers against S. mutans was investigated using a colony-forming-unit assay. Percentage logarithmic reductions [log10(CFU/ml) values] were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test (p<0.05) and Student's independent t-test. RESULTS The viability of S. mutans in the presence of curcumin, CXE, and a mixture of these two components was substantially reduced during irradiation with 405nm light. The phototoxicity of the photosensitizer varied with its solubility and concentration. CONCLUSION These preliminary in vitro findings imply that combining curcumin and CXE with a 405nm LED may be a novel method of applying aPDT. This could be advantageous in preventing and treating dental caries using devices that are readily available in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Jung Lee
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Si-Mook Kang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Hwa Jeong
- Department of Preventice and Community Dentistry, School of dentistry, Pusan National University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Ho Chung
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Baek-Il Kim
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; BK21 PLUS Project, Oral Science Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Fekrazad R, Khoei F, Bahador A, Hakimiha N. Photo-activated elimination of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in planktonic culture: Comparison of photodynamic therapy versus photothermal therapy method. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 19:28-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Kassab A, Dabous O, Morsy M. A novel management of streptococcal pharyngotonsillar infections by laser-activated silver nanoparticles and methylene blue conjugate, in vitro study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 100:114-118. [PMID: 28802354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Species of Streptococcus are classified based on their hemolytic properties into alpha and beta types. And, since antimicrobial drug resistance is an increasingly problematic issue, the efforts to develop modalities that would overcome this obstacle and avoid antibiotic side effects is an ongoing challenge. METHODS AND MATERIALS 20 patients from both sexes were selected. The isolated organisms were identified according to standard laboratory methods. Bacterial Cultures were subjected to the low-level diode laser (660 nm), methylene blue (MB) as a photosensitizing agent and for silver nanoparticles. RESULTS All the experimental groups showed statistically lower values of CFU/ml than the positive control group. CONCLUSION The photoactivated MB, silver nanoparticles conjugate showed the maximum inhibitory effect on Streptococci, which opens a gate to further investigation of such a promising protocol to establish a safe and efficient method of management for resistant cases of streptococcal tonsillar infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kassab
- Medical Department, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Ola Dabous
- Medical Department, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Mona Morsy
- Medical Department, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Egypt.
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Boluki E, Kazemian H, Peeridogaheh H, Alikhani MY, Shahabi S, Beytollahi L, Ghorbanzadeh R. Antimicrobial activity of photodynamic therapy in combination with colistin against a pan-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn patient. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 18:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Khaleel MI, Chen YD, Chien CH, Chang YC. Sensing of Streptococcus mutans by microscopic imaging ellipsometry. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:56005. [PMID: 28510623 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.5.056005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic imaging ellipsometry is an optical technique that uses an objective and sensing procedure to measure the ellipsometric parameters ? and ? in the form of microscopic maps. This technique is well known for being noninvasive and label-free. Therefore, it can be used to detect and characterize biological species without any impact. Microscopic imaging ellipsometry was used to measure the optical response of dried Streptococcus mutans cells on a glass substrate. The ellipsometric ? and ? maps were obtained with the Optrel Multiskop system for specular reflection in the visible range ( ? = 450 to 750 nm). The ? and ? images at 500, 600, and 700 nm were analyzed using three different theoretical models with single-bounce, two-bounce, and multibounce light paths to obtain the optical constants and height distribution. The obtained images of the optical constants show different aspects when comparing the single-bounce analysis with the two-bounce or multibounce analysis in detecting S. mutans samples. Furthermore, the height distributions estimated by two-bounce and multibounce analyses of S. mutans samples were in agreement with the thickness values measured by AFM, which implies that the two-bounce and multibounce analyses can provide information complementary to that obtained by a single-bounce light path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Ibrahim Khaleel
- Academia Sinica, Research Center for Applied Sciences, Taipei, TaiwanbAcademia Sinica and National Tsing Hua University, Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, TaiwancNational Tsing Hua University, Department of Engineering and System Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Da Chen
- Academia Sinica, Research Center for Applied Sciences, Taipei, TaiwanbAcademia Sinica and National Tsing Hua University, Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, TaiwancNational Tsing Hua University, Department of Engineering and System Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hang Chien
- Academia Sinica, Research Center for Applied Sciences, Taipei, TaiwanbAcademia Sinica and National Tsing Hua University, Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, TaiwancNational Tsing Hua University, Department of Engineering and System Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yia-Chung Chang
- Academia Sinica, Research Center for Applied Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
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Effect of photodynamic therapy with two photosensitizers on Streptococcus mutants: In vitro study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 16:66-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Beytollahi L, Pourhajibagher M, Chiniforush N, Ghorbanzadeh R, Raoofian R, Pourakbari B, Bahador A. The efficacy of photodynamic and photothermal therapy on biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans: An in vitro study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 17:56-60. [PMID: 27769914 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The alternative antibacterial treatments of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) significantly affect microbiota inactivation. The aim of the present research was the assessment of the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects of PDT with toluidine blue O (TBO) and PTT with indocyanine green (ICG) on Streptococcus mutans as a cariogenic bacterium. MATERIALS AND METHODS The S. mutans ATCC 35668 strain was treated with final concentrations of 0.1mg/mL TBO and 1mg/mL ICG with energy densities of 17.18 and 15.62J/cm2, respectively. Cell viability was evaluated after culturing and anti-biofilm potential was analyzed using crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The number of S. mutans colony forming unit (CFU)/mL was significantly lower in the groups submitted to PDT (12.5-100μg/mL TBO) and PTT (62.5-1000μg/mL) compared to the control (untreated group). 0.1mg/mL TBO-PDT and 1mg/mL ICG-PTT showed stronger inhibitory effects on biofilm formation in S. mutans than other concentration levels, with a reduction of 63.87% and 67.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION Photo-elimination by high concentrations of TBO-PDT and ICG-PTT exhibited significantly stronger inhibitory effects on biofilm formation and cell viability in S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leili Beytollahi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IC-TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Reza Raoofian
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran; Innovative Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Babak Pourakbari
- Pediatrics Infectious Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IC-TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Laser Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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The potential of photodynamic therapy (PDT)-Experimental investigations and clinical use. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:912-929. [PMID: 27522005 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an intensively studied part of medicine based on free radicals. These reactive species, extremely harmful for whole human organism, are used for eradication numerous diseases. Specific structure of ill tissues causes accumulation free radicals inside them without attack remaining healthy tissues. A rapid development of medicine and scientific research has led to extension of PDT towards treatment many diseases such as cancer, herpes, acne and based on antimicrobials. The presented review article is focused on the aforementioned disorders with accurate analysis of the newest available scientific achievements. The discussed cases explicitly indicate on high efficacy of the therapy. In most cases, free radicals turned out to be solution of many afflictions. Photodynamic therapy can be considered as promising treatment with comparable effectiveness but without side effects characteristic for chemotherapy.
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Fracalossi C, Nagata JY, Pellosi DS, Terada RSS, Hioka N, Baesso ML, Sato F, Rosalen PL, Caetano W, Fujimaki M. Singlet oxygen production by combining erythrosine and halogen light for photodynamic inactivation of Streptococcus mutans. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 15:127-32. [PMID: 27375182 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms is based on a photosensitizing substance which, in the presence of light and molecular oxygen, produces singlet oxygen, a toxic agent to microorganisms and tumor cells. This study aimed to evaluate singlet oxygen quantum yield of erythrosine solutions illuminated with a halogen light source in comparison to a LED array (control), and the photodynamic effect of erythrosine dye in association with the halogen light source on Streptococcus mutans. METHODS Singlet oxygen quantum yield of erythrosine solutions was quantified using uric acid as a chemical-probe in an aqueous solution. The in vitro effect of the photodynamic antimicrobial activity of erythrosine in association with the halogen photopolimerizing light on Streptococcus mutans (UA 159) was assessed during one minute. Bacterial cultures treated with erythrosine alone served as negative control. RESULTS Singlet oxygen with 24% and 2.8% degradation of uric acid in one minute and a quantum yield of 0.59 and 0.63 was obtained for the erythrosine samples illuminated with the halogen light and the LED array, respectively. The bacterial cultures with erythrosine illuminated with the halogen light presented a decreased number of CFU mL(-1) in comparison with the negative control, with minimal inhibitory concentrations between 0.312 and 0.156mgmL(-1). CONCLUSIONS The photodynamic response of erythrosine induced by the halogen light was capable of killing S. mutans. Clinical trials should be conducted to better ascertain the use of erythrosine in association with halogen light source for the treatment of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Fracalossi
- Dentistry Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, Cep 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Yuri Nagata
- Endodontic Department, Federal University of Sergipe, Avenida Marechal Rondon, S/n - Jardim Rosa Elze, Largarto, São Cristóvão, SE, Cep 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Diogo Silva Pellosi
- Chemistry Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, Cep 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Raquel Sano Suga Terada
- Dentistry Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, Cep 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Noboru Hioka
- Chemistry Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, Cep 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Mauro Luciano Baesso
- Physics Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, Cep 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Francielle Sato
- Physics Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, Cep 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Luiz Rosalen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, University of Campinas, Avenida Limeira, 901 - Bairro Areião, Piracicaba, SP, Cep 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Wilker Caetano
- Chemistry Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, Cep 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Mitsue Fujimaki
- Dentistry Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, Cep 87020-900, Brazil.
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da Mota ACC, Leal CRL, Olivan S, Leal Gonçalves ML, de Oliveira VA, Pinto MM, Bussadori SK. Case Report of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Dental Caries on Primary Teeth. J Lasers Med Sci 2016; 7:131-3. [PMID: 27330710 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2016.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The partial removal of dental caries aiming to maintain the integrity of the pulp has been considered the therapy of choice in the treatment of deep carious lesions, as long as certain principles of diagnosis are respected. Dentists are always looking for techniques to remove the decayed tissue with biosafety, what provides more comfort to the patient especially when it comes to children. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an antimicrobial treatment. PapacárieMblue is a modification of the regular Papacárie, with a photosensitizer added to it. CASE REPORT PapacárieMblue was used in a patient who had deep carious lesions in a primary molar. After 5 minutes of application, the soft and infected tissues were removed from the side walls of the cavity and, after, PDT was held in the pulp wall with red laser (660 nm), energy of 30 J, output power of 100 mW and 5 minutes of exposure time. This caused a reduction in the amount of dental tissue removed, what favored the prognosis of the dental element. After a period of 3 months, a control of the case was done and we discovered that the tooth that received the PDT was not painful and the x-ray showed an absence of lesions in the furcation. CONCLUSION PDT with PapacárieMblue has been effective in the removal of a deep carious lesion that had a risk of pulp exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Silvia Olivan
- Biofotonics Applied to Science Health, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Mendes Pinto
- Biofotonics Applied to Science Health, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Effect of photoactivated disinfection using light in the blue spectrum. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 158:252-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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NEVES PAM, LIMA LA, RODRIGUES FCN, LEITÃO TJ, RIBEIRO CCC. Clinical effect of photodynamic therapy on primary carious dentin after partial caries removal. Braz Oral Res 2016; 30:S1806-83242016000100246. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2016.vol30.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Melo MAS, Rolim JPML, Passos VF, Lima RA, Zanin ICJ, Codes BM, Rocha SS, Rodrigues LKA. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy and ultraconservative caries removal linked for management of deep caries lesions. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:581-6. [PMID: 26431977 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraconservative removal of carious tissue is becoming increasingly highlighted for management of deep caries lesions, and combined with an antimicrobial photochemistry-based treatment modality (PACT), this approach can be enhanced favoring dental tissue repair and preservation. The aim was to investigate the effectiveness of PACT using a light emitting diode (LED) associated with a photosensitizer toluidine blue ortho (TBO) on deep caries lesions. METHODS For that, a single blind, randomized, controlled, split-mouth clinical trial where 45 patients with at least two deep carious lesions on permanent posterior teeth was performed. The primary intervention was deep caries lesion management with disinfection of remaining dentin tissue using PACT. Bacterial counts were measured following treatments as the main outcome. The remaining dentinal samples of each lesion were treated with either non-PACT-control or PACT. The PACT procedure were characterized by 100 μg mL(-1) TBO followed by 94J cm(-2) LED irradiation. Samples of dentin were collected before and immediately after treatments for microbiological analysis of total viable bacteria, mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp. counts. Microbial reduction was data were submitted to unpaired t test (α=5%). RESULTS PACT led to statistically significant reductions in mutans streptococci (1.08 ± 1.20 log), Lactobacillus spp. (1.69 ± 1.37 log), and total viable bacteria (1.07 ± 1.01 log) compared to the control, which showed log reductions respectively of 0.05 ± 0.49, 0.52 ± 0.89, and 0.47 ± 0.77 for the same microorganisms. CONCLUSION Dentin from deep carious lesions treated with PACT showed a decrease in cariogenic microbial load.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A S Melo
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J P M L Rolim
- Federal University of Ceará, Post graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - V F Passos
- University of Fortaleza, School of Dentistry, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - R A Lima
- Federal University of Ceará, Post graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - I C J Zanin
- Federal University of Ceará, Faculty of Dentistry, Sobral, Brazil
| | - Bruna M Codes
- Federal University of Ceará, Post graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - S S Rocha
- Federal University of Ceará, Post graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - L K A Rodrigues
- Federal University of Ceará, Post graduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Quishida CCC, Mima EGDO, Dovigo LN, Jorge JH, Bagnato VS, Pavarina AC. Photodynamic inactivation of a multispecies biofilm using Photodithazine(®) and LED light after one and three successive applications. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:2303-12. [PMID: 26404782 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1811-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this investigation, the effectiveness of successive applications of antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (API) mediated by Photodithazine(®) (PDZ) and LED light was evaluated against a multispecies biofilm formed by Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Streptococcus mutans on denture base acrylic resin. Standard cell suspensions (bacteria and yeast) were inoculated on acrylic resin samples, and the biofilm was grown for 48 h (37 °C/75 rpm). API was performed by the administration of PDZ (175 and 200 mg/L) and exposure to 37.5 J/cm(2) of LED light (660 nm). Additional samples were treated with PDZ or LED light only. Untreated control samples were not submitted to light or PDZ. The conditions described were applied once or in three consecutive applications for all groups. Cell viability was determined by colony counts (CFU/mL), metabolic activity, total biomass, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data were analyzed by a nonparametric two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). The results obtained demonstrated a significant effect (p < 0.05) of number of applications and treatment groups for CFU/mL, and S. mutans showed the highest susceptibility to API. The metabolic activity of the multispecies biofilm was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) after API for both numbers of applications, which were also significantly different (p < 0.05) between them. The total biomass of the biofilm was significantly different (p < 0.05) only between groups submitted to one and three API applications. CLSM showed a visual increase of dead cells after API. API-mediated PDZ was effective in reducing the cell viability of multispecies biofilm. Three consecutive applications of API were more effective for reducing the cell viability and the total biomass of multispecies biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Campos Costa Quishida
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ewerton Garcia de Oliveira Mima
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Lívia Nordi Dovigo
- Department of Social Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Janaina Habib Jorge
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato
- Physics Institute of São Carlos, USP, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, CEP: 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Cláudia Pavarina
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Garlet GP, Santos CF. From Amazon rain forest flora to the state-of-the-art technology devices, the incessant search for 'magic bullets' against Streptococcus mutans. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 22:79. [PMID: 24676575 PMCID: PMC3956396 DOI: 10.1590/1678-77572014ed005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
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