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Hardan L, Bourgi R, Hernández-Escamilla T, Piva E, Devoto W, Lukomska-Szymanska M, Cuevas-Suárez CE. Color stability of dual-cured and light-cured resin cements: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies. J Prosthodont 2024; 33:212-220. [PMID: 37653684 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the difference in the color stability of light-cured and dual-cured resin cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two separate reviewers used the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Scielo databases to execute the systematic review. For the analysis, studies that evaluated the color stability of dual-cured and light-cured resin cements over time were used. The random effects model was used in the meta-analysis. Analyses of subgroups were carried out based on the aging technique. The methodological quality of each in vitro study was evaluated in accordance with the parameters of a prior systematic review. RESULTS From all databases, a total of 2223 articles were retrieved. Following the screening of titles and abstracts, 44 studies were selected for full text review, and a total of 27 articles were used for the qualitative analysis. Finally, 23 articles remained for the qualitative analysis. The majority of studies were labeled as having a medium risk of bias. The global analysis showed that the dual-cure resin cements had considerably greater differences in the color change (p = 0.006). A high heterogeneity index (86%) was found in the analysis. CONCLUSIONS The best available in vitro evidence suggests that dual-polymerizing cement has higher color variation than light-polymerized materials. To reduce the likelihood of color change after the luting of thin ceramic restorations, clinicians should employ light-polymerizable resin cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Triana Hernández-Escamilla
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Evandro Piva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Hidalgo, Mexico
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Pala K, Reinshagen EM, Attin T, Hüsler J, Jung RE, Ioannidis A. Masking capacity of minimally invasive lithium disilicate restorations on discolored teeth-The impact of ceramic thickness, the material's translucency, and the cement color. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:107-115. [PMID: 37933738 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate minimally invasive restorations' capacity to mask discolored teeth and explore the impact of ceramic thickness, translucency, and cement color. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four assessment pairs of naturally colored and discolored bovine dentin samples were formed, using lithium disilicate specimens in six different thicknesses (0.3-0.8 mm), two different translucencies (high, low), and two cements (transparent, tooth-colored). Evaluators assessed the color differences in each assessment pair, and the threshold for detecting a color difference was determined using sequential testing and the Bonferroni-Holm method. RESULTS A thickness of 0.6 mm effectively masked color differences using high translucent ceramic with transparent cement, detectable differences were still observed at 0.7/0.8 mm. A threshold thickness of 0.4 mm was seen using high translucent ceramic and tooth-colored cement, with color differences still discernible at 0.5 and 0.8 mm. A threshold thickness of 0.4 mm was detected using low translucent ceramic and transparent cement, while detectable differences persisted at 0.5, 0.7, and 0.8 mm. A 0.5 mm threshold thickness was observed when using low translucent ceramic and tooth-colored cement, and no detectable color differences were detected beyond this thickness. CONCLUSIONS Masking can be achieved with a thickness of 0.4-0.5 mm using a low translucent material and tooth-colored cement. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the impact of ceramic thickness, translucency, and cement color can aid clinicians in making informed decisions for achieving the best esthetic outcomes while preserving tooth structure. Effective masking can be accomplished with ceramic thicknesses starting at 0.4 mm, especially when employing a low translucent material and tooth-colored cement. However, clinicians should be aware that discolorations may still be detectable in certain scenarios when using minimally invasive lithium disilicate restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevser Pala
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Maria Reinshagen
- Doctoral Student at the Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Hüsler
- Department of Mathematical Statistics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ronald E Jung
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Ioannidis
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Yamalı Y, Bankoğlu Güngör M, Karakoca Nemli S, Turhan Bal B. The effects of cement thickness and cement shade on the final color of lithium disilicate crowns. J Adv Prosthodont 2023; 15:93-100. [PMID: 37153007 PMCID: PMC10154146 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2023.15.2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of resin cement color, cement thickness, and thermocycling on the final color of monolithic lithium disilicate crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of ninety prepared central incisors of typodont teeth were restored with lithium disilicate crowns which have different cement thicknesses (40 µm, 80 µm, and 120 µm) and cement shades (clear, yellow, and white). Color parameters of restorations were measured with a spectrophotometer in three different steps 1) before cementing 2) after cementing and 3) after thermocycling with 10000 cycles. Color differences (ΔE00) were calculated with the CIEDE2000 formula and evaluated according to perceptibility (0.8) and acceptability (1.8) thresholds. The ΔE00 data were analyzed by using two-way ANOVA before and after thermocycling (α = .05). RESULTS There was no interaction between the cement shade and the cement thickness factors. After cementation, the mean ΔE00 was under the perceptibility threshold in the group of 40 µm cement thickness and clear cement while it was between the perceptibility and acceptability thresholds (0.8 < ΔE00 < 1.8) for all other groups. After thermocycling, the ΔE00 values were between the perceptibility and acceptability thresholds for all experimental groups. Although there were no significant differences among the groups, thermocycling increased the color difference values. CONCLUSION The cementation of restorations with clear, yellow, and white resin cements resulted in color differences with uncemented restorations except for the group cemented with clear cement in 40 µm cement thickness. All study groups revealed perceptible color change after thermocycling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Merve Bankoğlu Güngör
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Seçil Karakoca Nemli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Bilge Turhan Bal
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Color Assessment of Feldspathic Ceramic with Two Different Thicknesses, Using Multiple Polymeric Cements. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020397. [PMID: 36679277 PMCID: PMC9864571 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color changes of feldspathic ceramics CEREC Blocs (Dentsply Sirona, Milford, DE, USA) when cemented with different luting agents, while varying the ceramic thickness. Seventy ceramic discs of feldspathic ceramic (A2 shade) were obtained with 0.5 and 0.8 mm thicknesses. Seventy composite discs (A3 shade) 1 mm in thickness were used as substrates. After being polished and conditioned, the ceramic and composite discs were cemented with different resin cements and a flowable composite: Variolink® Esthetic Light, Neutral and Warm (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein); RelyXTM Veneer B0.5, Translucent and A3 Opaque/yellow shades (3M Oral Care, St. Paul, MN, USA); G-aenial® Universal Flow A2 (GC Europe, Leuven, Belgium). Color difference (ΔE) was determined using a spectrophotometer. A two-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons were performed using the Bonferroni method with a 95% confidence interval. Variolink® Neutral showed the highest ΔE (15.12 ± 0.71) and RelyXTM Veneer A3 the lowest value (1.59 ± 0.33). There are no statistically significant differences between the two ceramic thicknesses for Variolink® Light (p = 0.230) and RelyXTM Veneer B0.5 (p = 0.318) cements. The feldspathic ceramic final color is influenced by the cement used and the ceramic thickness. The use of different cements in a thin ceramic has a clinically significant impact on the final esthetic result.
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Kose C, Oliveira D, Pereira PNR, Rocha MG. Using artificial intelligence to predict the final color of leucite-reinforced ceramic restorations. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:105-115. [PMID: 36592128 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of machine learning regression models in predicting the final color of leucite-reinforced glass CAD/CAM ceramic veneer restorations based on substrate shade, ceramic shade, thickness and translucency. METHODS Leucite-reinforced glass ceramics in four different shades were sectioned in thicknesses of 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.2 mm. The CIELab coordinates of each specimen were obtained over four different backgrounds (black, white, A1, and A3) interposed with an experimental translucent resin cement using a calibrated spectrophotometer. The color change (CIEDE2000) values, as well as all the CIELab values for each one of the experimental groups, were submitted to 28 different regression models. Each regression model was adjusted according to the weights of each dependent variable to achieve the best-fitting model. RESULTS Different substrates, ceramic shades, and thicknesses influenced the L, a, and b of the final restoration. Of all variables, the substrate influenced the final ceramic shade most, followed by the ceramic thickness and the L, a, and b of the ceramic. The decision tree regression model had the lowest mean absolute error and highest accuracy to predict the shade of the ceramic restoration according to the substrate shade, ceramic shade and thickness. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The machine learning regression model developed in the study can help clinicians predict the final color of the ceramic veneers made with leucite-reinforced glass CAD/CAM ceramic HT and LT when cemented with translucent cements, based on the color of the substrate and ceramic thicknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Kose
- Tufts University, School of Dental Medicine, Comprehensive Care, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dayane Oliveira
- Center for Dental Biomaterials, Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Patricia N R Pereira
- Center for Dental Biomaterials, Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mateus Garcia Rocha
- Center for Dental Biomaterials, Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Phark JH, Duarte S. Microstructural considerations for novel lithium disilicate glass ceramics: A review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:92-103. [PMID: 34995008 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the ultrastructural characteristics of novel lithium disilicate based glass ceramics (LDC), how their manufacturing process influences their structure and their clinical use. OVERVIEW Lithium disilicate based glass ceramic has been successfully used for indirect restorations ranging from partial tooth coverage up to tooth replacement for over 20 years. It combines esthetic and mechanical properties, unlike any other indirect material which makes it an indispensable part of esthetic and restorative dentistry. Recently, novel LDCs have been introduced to the market. Parameters for their use and their microstructure are still not been widely known. This article will review these materials and highlight with high-resolution scanning electron microscopic images their structural aspects and their resulting clinical relevance. CONCLUSION Restorations made from LDCs are reliable and can be predictably used only when proper guidelines and protocols during manufacturing and clinical use are followed. For novel LDCs manufacturing and long-term bonding protocols still must be established. Moreover, novel LDCs machinable blocks should be crystallized or heat-treated after milling for superior performance. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE With more and newer etchable LDC materials entering the market, clinicians and technicians need to be aware of the differences in manufacturing and the resulting microstructure to ensure a successful treatment outcome that will last.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Phark
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sillas Duarte
- Advanced Operative and Adhesive Dentistry, Division of Restorative Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Durães I, Cavalcanti A, Mathias P. The Thickness and Opacity of Aesthetic Materials Influence the Restoration of Discolored Teeth. Oper Dent 2021; 46:559-565. [PMID: 34919719 DOI: 10.2341/19-093-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the influence of thickness and opacity on the ability of composite resin and ceramic veneer restorations to mask discolored teeth. METHODS Ninety veneers were made of lithium disilicate ceramic, shades BL1 and 0 (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent), and 60 were made of composite resin, shade BL-L (IPS Empress Direct, Ivoclar Vivadent). The veneers measured 4 mm in width x 4 mm in length and had a thickness of 0.7, 1.0, or 1.2 mm. One hundred and fifty human premolars were selected to obtain 150 dental fragments with the following dimensions: 4 mm x 4 mm x 3 mm (width x length x thickness). The fragments were discolored, submitted to color measurement and randomly assigned to 15 groups (n=10) according to the type and opacity of the restorative material (IPS e.max Press: high translucency [HT], low translucency [LT], and medium opacity [MO]; IPS Empress Direct: dentin and enamel) and thickness of the veneers (0.7, 1.0, and 1.2 mm). After cementation of the ceramic or composite resin veneers using a translucent resin cement (RelyX veneer, 3M), a final color measurement was taken from each specimen and the total color variation (ΔE) was calculated by subtracting the initial and the final color measurement. The final lightness (L*) of the restored dental fragments was also calculated. RESULTS The highest ΔE values were observed for the LT and MO ceramic groups, followed by dentin composite resin. Regarding the different thicknesses of ceramic veneers, every 1.2-mm-thick group had higher values of ΔE, considering their respective opacities (p<0.05). The highest lightness values were found for the LT and MO ceramic veneers (thickness of 1.2 mm). Dentin-shade composite resins showed similar lightness values in all groups. CONCLUSION The best thickness/opacity combinations for masking discolored dental substrates were LT and MO ceramic veneers with 1.2-mm thickness. Dentin-shade composite resin veneers with a thickness of 0.7-1.0 mm showed good ability to mask discolored dental substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Durães
- Iris Durães, MS, post-gradute student, PÓS Instituto de Ciências da Saude, Salvador, Brazil
| | - A Cavalcanti
- Andrea Cavalcanti, MS, PhD, professor, Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health (EBMSP), Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Salvador, Brazil
| | - P Mathias
- *Paula Mathias, MS, PhD, professor, Federal University of Bahia, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Salvador, Brazil
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Dos Santos RB, Collares K, Brandeburski SBN, Pecho OE, Della Bona A. Experimental methodologies to evaluate the masking ability of dental materials: A systematic review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2021; 33:1118-1131. [PMID: 34085377 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review on the masking ability of discolored substrates, analyzing the capacity and quality of the response produced by the different methodologies and techniques applied to overcome this clinical challenge. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The electronic search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, without date restriction. In vitro studies, written in English, applying different methodologies to evaluate masking ability were included. The variables of interest were: type, color and thickness of the restorative and/or cement material; use of pigments in the restorative material and/or cement; color of the substrate; and background color used for the evaluations. RESULTS Database search retrieved 307 eligible papers with a final inclusion of 47 published papers. Approximately 98% of the studies used ΔE, 36% used TP, and only 6% used CR to evaluate the masking ability of restorative materials. CONCLUSIONS The most appropriate methodology to evaluate the masking ability is using color difference equations (ΔE) associated with the perceptibility and acceptability thresholds. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE As different methodologies have been used to evaluate the masking ability of esthetic restorative materials on colored substrates, there is an urgent need to reach a consensus and propose a method, which is suggested by the present systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Brandenburg Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Kaue Collares
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Suzane Boa Nova Brandeburski
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Oscar E Pecho
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Della Bona
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Chen J, Xia Q, Zhang LL, Qian HF, Li XX. Effect of ceramic materials on the optical properties of porcelain veneers for tetracycline-stained teeth. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2021; 39:341-346. [PMID: 34041885 PMCID: PMC8218252 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the chromatic properties and translucency of porcelain veneers made from different ceramic materials against the background of tetracycline-stained teeth. METHODS Porcelain specimens (A1, A3, B2, B4) measuring 0.50 mm in thickness were prepared by heat-press casting and layering. The L*, a*, and b* values of the specimens against simulated tetracycline tooth and black-and-white backgrounds were measured by a spectrophotometer, and color differences ΔE001 between specimens on simulated tetracycline backgrounds and the backgrounds themselves and ΔE002 between specimens on simulated tetracycline backgrounds and the white background were calculated. The translucent parameter (TP) was also evaluated. RESULTS The ΔE001 of feldspathic specimens (IPS d.SIGN) with the opaque layer was significantly greater than that of glass ceramic specimens (IPS e.max Press LT), and the ΔE001 of group B4 was consistently greater than those of the other color groups (P<0.05). The ΔE002 values of all feldspathic specimens with the opaque layer were less than 1.25, and the ΔE002 values of the glass ceramic specimens were greater than 2.23. However, no significant difference was observed among the different color groups (P>0.05). The TP values of feldspathic specimens with the opaque layer were significantly lower than those of glass ceramic specimens(P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed among different color groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS When changing the color of tetracycline-stained teeth, 0.50 mm-thick IPS d.SIGN feldspathic veneers with an opaque layer provide better chromatic properties than IPS e.max Press LT glass ceramic veneers. However, the translucency of feldspathic veneers is generally poorer than that of glass ceramic veneers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- College of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650100, China
| | - Qi Xia
- College of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Hui-Fen Qian
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Xing-Xing Li
- College of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650100, China
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Kobayashi S, Nakajima M, Furusawa K, Tichy A, Hosaka K, Tagami J. Color adjustment potential of single-shade resin composite to various-shade human teeth: Effect of structural color phenomenon. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:1033-1040. [PMID: 33883353 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of the structural color phenomenon in resin composites (RCs) on the color adjustment of restorations by investgating their color reproduction performance in human incisors of various shade. Cervical cavities were filled with a single-shade RC with 260 nm spherical fillers (Omnichroma (OMN)), conventional A2-shade RCs (Estelite Σ Quick or Clearfil AP-X), or experimental RCs with 5-50 nm fumed silica fillers (R1) and 100 nm spherical fillers (R2). Color parameters (L*C*h*) were measured using a CIE XYZ camera along the centerline of the restorations, and the color difference (∆E00) between corresponding areas of intact and restored teeth was calculated. Additionally, the reflectance spectra of OMN, R1, and R2 were investigated. OMN exhibited significantly lower ∆E00 than other tested RCs (p<0.05) and its reflection spectrum ranged from blue to red, while a blue peak was observed with R1 and R2, indicating a higher color adjustment potential of OMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Kobayashi
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Masatoshi Nakajima
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Kiyoka Furusawa
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Antonin Tichy
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.,Institute of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague
| | - Keiichi Hosaka
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
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Jorquera GJ, Atria PJ, Galán M, Feureisen J, Imbarak M, Kernitsky J, Cacciuttolo F, Hirata R, Sampaio CS. A comparison of ceramic crown color difference between different shade selection methods: Visual, digital camera, and smartphone. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:784-792. [PMID: 33741142 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The light source stability of digital cameras and smartphones is important in shade matching in restorative and prosthetic dentistry to communicate objectively with the dental laboratory. Techniques that standardize the light source of such devices are lacking, and this limitation can lead to color mismatches, difficulties in color communication, and treatment documentation. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to compare the magnitude of color difference (ΔE) among 3 shade selection methods during the fabrication of ceramic crowns: visual shade selection with a shade guide, digital shade selection with a digital camera and cross-polarizing filter, and digital shade selection with a smartphone and a light-correcting device. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five patients in need of ceramic crowns were enrolled, and shade selection was evaluated according to different protocols: visual shade selection (A-D shade guide and IPS Natural Die Material Shade Guide, sent to the dental laboratory technician via a laboratory prescription); digital shade selection with a digital camera (D7000; Nikon Corp) with an 85-mm lens and wireless close-up flash, with and without a cross-polarizing filter (Polar eyes); and digital shade selection with a smartphone and a light-correcting device (iPhone XS attached to Smile Lite MDP, with and without its cross-polarizing filter accessory). Information from the smartphone was imported to an app (IPS e.max Shade Navigation App; Ivoclar Vivadent AG) that converted the reading to a shade and level of translucency for the ceramic restoration. For all photographs, a gray reference card with known color values was positioned by the mandibular teeth and was used for white balancing of the digital photographs with a software program. All photographs were edited and sent to the dental laboratory: white-balanced with the shade guide; white-balanced with the substrate shade guide; black and white; saturated; and cross-polarized. Ceramic crowns were made with the same lithium disilicate material (IPS e.max CAD; Ivoclar Vivadent AG) and cemented with the same resin cement (RelyX Ultimate Clicker, A3 shade; 3M). The ΔE values between the crown and the adjacent tooth were determined. The data were analyzed by using a 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey posthoc tests (α=.05). RESULTS The mean ΔE between a cemented ceramic crown and the adjacent tooth in the visual shade selection group was 5.32, significantly different than both digital camera (ΔE=2.75; P=.002) and smartphone (ΔE=2.34; P=.001), which were not different from each other (P=.857). CONCLUSIONS The digital shade selection with photographs acquired with both a digital camera and a smartphone with a light-correcting device showed a threshold within the acceptable values (ΔE<3.7), whereas the visual shade selection showed an average ΔE above the threshold for acceptable values (ΔE>3.7). The use of a gray reference card helped standardize the white balance from the digital images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert J Jorquera
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo J Atria
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biomaterials, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Graduate Assistant, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mariana Galán
- Undergraduate student, Department of Biomaterials, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Josefina Feureisen
- Undergraduate student, Department of Biomaterials, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Makarena Imbarak
- Undergraduate student, Department of Biomaterials, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jeremy Kernitsky
- Undergraduate student, Department of Biomaterials, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Franco Cacciuttolo
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ronaldo Hirata
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
| | - Camila S Sampaio
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biomaterials, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
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Önöral Ö, Günal-Abduljalil B, Ongun S. Effect of color of the cement and the composite resin foundation on the resultant color of resin-matrix ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 125:351.e1-351.e7. [PMID: 33172651 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM An improper restoration color match to the adjacent natural teeth can jeopardize esthetic success. The type of resin-matrix ceramic (RMC), the shade of the underlying foundation, and the shade of cement may affect the optical behavior of RMC materials, but studies on this issue are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the cumulative effect of different shades of composite resin foundation (CRF) and cement on the optical behaviors of 3 different RMCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five rectangular RMC specimens (14×12×1 mm, shade A2) were prepared from 3 different blocks, including a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Vita Enamic [VE]), a resin nanoceramic (Lava Ultimate [LU]), and a flexible nanoparticle-filled resin (GC Cerasmart [GC]) (n=15 per RMC block). CRFs (14×12×4 mm) were fabricated in white and dentin shades (n=1 per composite resin shade). Cement specimens (G-CEM LinkForce) were prepared from 3 shades (A2, opaque [OP], and translucent [TR]) (n=15 per shade). For control groups, 3 rectangular RMC foundations (14×12×4 mm) were also milled from RMC blocks (n=1 per block). Color coordinates were recorded by using a digital spectrophotometer. The coordinates of 4-mm-thick RMC foundations served as the control groups. The coordinates of RMC specimens on each combination of CRF and cement served as test groups. The CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) formula was used to assess color differences. Data were subjected to 3-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) tests (α=.05). RESULTS ΔE00 values of specimens were influenced by the CRF shade, cement shade, RMC type, as well as the interaction terms of the 3 variables (P<.001). Color differences in groups VE-A2-dentin, VE-OP-dentin, LU-OP-dentin, and GC-OP-dentin showed perceptible but clinically acceptable values (0.8<ΔE00≤1.8). The highest and lowest ΔE00 values were observed in the white-OP-LU (5.32 ±0.34) and dentin-OP-VE (0.94 ±0.31) groups. CONCLUSIONS Opaque cement on the white foundation led to the highest ΔE00 values in the resultant colors of all RMC groups. When used with the same shade on the dentin foundation, this cement produced clinically acceptable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özay Önöral
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Burcu Günal-Abduljalil
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Salim Ongun
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey
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BADWAN M, KAHRAMANOĞLU E. FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF LITHIUM DI SILICATE, INDIRECT RESIN COMPOSITE AND ZIRCONIA BY USING DUAL CURE RESIN CEMENTS. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.797126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yildirim B, Recen D, Tekeli Simsek A. Effect of cement color and tooth‐shaded background on the final color of lithium disilicate and zirconia‐reinforced lithium silicate ceramics: An in vitro study. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 33:380-386. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bengisu Yildirim
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics Usak University Uşak Turkey
| | - Duygu Recen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry İzmir Democracy University İzmir Turkey
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Gugelmin BP, Miguel LCM, Baratto Filho F, Cunha LFD, Correr GM, Gonzaga CC. Color Stability of Ceramic Veneers Luted With Resin Cements and Pre-Heated Composites: 12 Months Follow-Up. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:69-77. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202002842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The objective was to evaluate the color stability of ceramic veneers luted with resin cements and pre-heated composite resins (60oC) for 12 months, and determine the degree of conversion (DC) of the luting agents. Two resin cements (AllCem Veneer, light-cured (LRC) and AllCem, dual-cured (DRC)] and three composite resins [Z100 (MNCR-minifilled), Herculite Classic (MHCR-micro-hybrid) and Durafill (MCCR-microfilled)] were used for cementing 0.8-mm-thick lithium-silicate glass-ceramic laminates (Suprinity, shade B2-HT, Vita) on bovine enamel (n=10). The specimens were stored at 37oC in distilled water. CIELab parameters were determined at 24h after luting (baseline), 7, 30, 90, 180 days and 12 months. Three specimens were prepared for DC evaluation, performed by micro-Raman spectroscopy. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test (a=5%). For ΔEab and ΔE00, there were significant differences for luting material (p<0.001), time (p<0.001), and double interaction (p<0.001). The groups cemented with MHCR (1 year), MCCR (90 days and 1 year) and MCCR-PH (1 year) were the ones with ΔE values greater than the acceptability threshold. All other groups maintained their ΔE lower than the acceptability threshold after 1 year in distilled water. Regarding DC, there were no significant differences (p=0.127) among the materials. Non-significant negative correlations were observed between the mean ΔEab and DC (R=-0.65) and ΔE00 and DC (R=-0.64). A significant positive correlation was observed mean ΔEab and ΔE00 (R=0.99). It was concluded that the different luting agents influenced the final color of the restorations. The heating of the composite resins did not affect their DC.
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Tabatabaei MH, Matinfard F, Omrani LR, Mahounak FS, Ahmadi E. Evaluation of the Final Color of Ceramic Veneers with Different Self-Adhesive Resin Cements. Open Dent J 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210601913010203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Proper selection of cement plays an effective role in the success of ceramic laminate veneers. The cement can affect the final color by changing the optical properties of the ceramic.
Objective:
Due to the ease of clinical use of the seventh generation of cement (Self-Adhesive Cement), this study aimed to evaluate the effect of this type of cement on the final color of Ceramic Veneers (CV).
Methods:
In this study, 21 IPS e.max ceramic disks (8mm× 0.7 mm) were used. They were divided into 3 groups of 7, depending on the type of cement. (Choice 2, RelyX U200, Speed Cem). In the first stage, ceramic disks were set on the facial surface of bovine’s teeth by bonding agents and the color properties were analyzed by spectrophotometer. In the next stage, specimens were cemented on the prepared surfaces according to the manufacturer’s instructions and their color was evaluated subsequently.
Results:
Results were analyzed by repeated measures two-way ANOVA and TAMHANE post hoc methods (P < 0.05). Results showed that cement influences the color of the ceramic laminate. ∆E values were reported to be higher than the critical point after cementation (∆E > 2.69).
Conclusion:
There was no significant difference between the effects of three cement types on the final color of the ceramic veneers.
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Kandil BSM, Hamdy AM, Aboelfadl AK, El-Anwar MI. Effect of ceramic translucency and luting cement shade on the color masking ability of laminate veneers. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2019; 16:193-199. [PMID: 31040876 PMCID: PMC6474172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ceramic material types, degree of veneer translucency, and luting cement shades on masking the underlying dark dental substrate to achieve best esthetics. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro study, 56 specimens each of 0.5-mm thickness were fabricated from two esthetic veneer materials Vita Enamic and Vita Suprinity, with two different translucencies, i.e., HT and T. To simulate the color of a dark underlying dental structure, background discs with C3 shade were fabricated using resin composite. The ceramic specimens with varying translucencies were cemented on the dark background of the resin composite with A1 and opaque white shades of resin luting cement. Color difference (ΔE) values from a reference color (A1 shade) were calculated using a spectrophotometer. The results were then statistically analyzed using three-way ANOVA test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The ΔE values of both ceramic systems were affected by both the degree of veneer translucency (P = 0.00) and the luting agent shade (P = 0.016). The use of an opaque luting agent and T translucency resulted in a decrease in the ΔE* values for all ceramics tested, regardless to the material type. Suprinity and Enamic showed similarity in the masking ability of dark substrate after cementation. CONCLUSION None of the 0.5-mm veneers of the two ceramic systems could reach A1 shade without a detectable color difference after cementation. The change in degree of veneer translucency was more effective than the change in luting agent shade in masking the underlying dark substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amena M. Hamdy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K. Aboelfadl
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt,Department of Oral Technology, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mohamed I. El-Anwar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt,Address for correspondence: Dr. Mohamed I. El-Anwar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street, P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. E-mail:
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Yu H, Cheng SL, Jiang NW, Cheng H. Effects of cyclic staining on the color, translucency, surface roughness, and substance loss of contemporary adhesive resin cements. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 120:462-469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Gunal B, Ulusoy MM. Optical properties of contemporary monolithic CAD-CAM restorative materials at different thicknesses. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2018; 30:434-441. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Gunal
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry; Near East University; Mersin10 Turkey
| | - M. Mutahhar Ulusoy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry; Near East University; Mersin10 Turkey
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Sedrez-Porto JA, Münchow EA, Cenci MS, Pereira-Cenci T. Translucency and color stability of resin composite and dental adhesives as modeling liquids - A one-year evaluation. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e54. [PMID: 28678973 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of modeling liquids on the translucency and color shade of resin composites (RCs) after one year of storage. RC specimens were prepared using either a conventional insertion technique (control; without modeling liquid) or a restorative dental modeling insertion technique (RDMIT) with dental adhesives as modeling liquids (Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose [SBMP; 3M ESPE] or Adper™ Single Bond 2 [SB; 3M ESPE]). The initial colors of the specimens were obtained with a digital spectrophotometer and the CIEL*a*b* color system, after which specimens were stored (37°C) in distilled water or red wine for 12 months. Color measurements were reassessed after 6 and 12 months of storage, and scanning electron microscopy was performed after 12 months. Translucency and color change (ΔE*) were calculated and analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 5%). RC samples prepared via RDMIT showed a translucency similar to that of control samples. ΔE* was also less intense for RCs containing SBMP than for RCs containing SB. Specimens stored in wine showed a clear pattern of degradation, especially in the control group, and surface degradation seemed to be less intense for specimens prepared with SBMP and SB than for specimens without. Specimens stored in water did not show clear evidence of surface degradation. RDMIT appears to be an interesting approach to reduce ΔE* in RCs over time without negative effects on the translucency of the material. However, the modeling liquid should feature a hydrophobic composition, similar to that used in the SBMP group, the achieve the best results.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Augusto Sedrez-Porto
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Health Science Institute, Department of Dentistry, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - Maximiliano Sérgio Cenci
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Pereira-Cenci
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Effect of different acidic solutions on the optical behavior of lithium disilicate ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 118:430-436. [PMID: 28222886 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The stability of the optical characteristics of dental ceramics is essential. Degradation of these materials resulting from pH or temperature alterations in the oral cavity can lead to treatment failure. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the color change (ΔE), the L* coordinate, the translucency parameter, and the contrast ratio of lithium disilicate ceramic exposed to commonly used and potentially colorant solutions. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty lithium disilicate specimens were prepared and divided into 5 groups according to the immersion solution (artificial saliva, orange juice, cola, coffee, and red wine). Immersions in acidic beverages were alternated in a thermocycler with artificial saliva. The control group was immersed in artificial saliva at 37°C throughout the immersion period. After 168 hours of immersion, the color parameters were assessed with a spectrophotometer and calculated using the because system on 2 backgrounds (black and white) and in 2 time periods, before thermocycling and after thermocycling. Data were submitted to analysis of variance followed by the Tukey honest significant difference test (α=.05). RESULTS Greater color change (ΔE) and lower L* coordinate values were observed after immersion in orange juice and cola. Regarding the translucency parameter and contrast ratio, the immersion in coffee resulted in greater opacity and lower translucency of the material. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in the color stainability, the L* coordinate values, the translucency parameter, and the contrast ratio of the lithium disilicate ceramic were observed, according to the acidic solutions tested.
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