Diagnostic and prognostic significance of long noncoding RNA LINC00173 in patients with melanoma

Interaction of noncoding RNAs with hippo signaling pathway in cancer cells and cancer stem cells

The Hippo signaling pathway has a regulatory function in the organogenesis process and cellular homeostasis, switching the cascade reactions of crucial kinases acts to turn off/on the Hippo pathway, altering the downstream gene expression and thereby regulating proliferation, apoptosis, or stemness. Disruption of this pathway can lead to the occurrence of various disorders and different types of cancer. Recent findings highlight the importance of ncRNAs, such as microRNA, circular RNA, and lncRNAs, in modulating the Hippo pathway. Defects in ncRNAs can disrupt Hippo pathway balance, increasing tumor cells, tumorigenesis, and chemotherapeutic resistance. This review summarizes ncRNAs' inhibitory or stimulatory role in - Hippo pathway regulation in cancer and stem cells. Identifying the relation between ncRNAs and the components of this pathway could pave the way for developing new biomarkers in the treatment and diagnosis of cancers.

Emerging prognostic biomarkers in advanced cutaneous melanoma: a literature update

INTRODUCTION

Over the past two years, the scientific community has witnessed an exponential growth in research focused on identifying prognostic biomarkers for melanoma, both in pre-clinical and clinical settings. This surge in studies reflects the need of developing effective prognostic indicators in the field of melanoma.

AREAS COVERED

The aim of this work is to review the scientific literature on the most recent findings on the development or validation of prognostic biomarkers in melanoma, in the attempt of providing both clinicians and researchers with an updated broad synopsis of prognostic biomarkers in cutaneous melanoma.

EXPERT OPINION

While the field of prognostic biomarkers in melanoma appears promising, there are several complexities and limitations to address. The interdependence of clinical, histological, and molecular features requires accurate classification of different biomarker families. Correlation does not imply causation, and adjustments for confounding factors are often overlooked. In this scenario, large-scale studies based on high-quality clinical trial data can provide more reliable evidence. It is essential to avoid oversimplification by focusing on a single biomarker, as the interactions among multiple factors contribute to define the disease course and patient's outcome. Furthermore, implementing well-supported evidence in real-life settings can help advance prognostic biomarker research in melanoma.

LncRNA Linc00173 may be a potential prognostic biomarker in human solid tumors: a meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis

Despite advances in diagnostic techniques and treatments, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide.Therefore, finding new biomarkers and therapeutic targets is crucial for improving the diagnosis and treatment of human cancer.LncRNA Linc00173 is a newly identified tumor marker, and in this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between Linc00173 and clinicopathological features and patient prognosis. By using The Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, PubMed, OVID, we conducted a complete and thorough literature search from its inception to November 10, 2022.Meta-analysis was performed using Stata SE16.0 software. Nine studies involving 1102 patients were included.Meta-analysis showed that the overexpression of Linc00173 was significantly associated with poorer OS (HR = 1.76,95%CI:1.36-2.26, P < 0.001) and shorter DFS (HR = 1.89, 95%CI:1.49-2.40,P < 0.001),and was significantly associated with gender (male) (OR = 1.31,95% CI:1.01-1.69, P = 0.042), tumor size (large) (OR = 1.34,95% CI:1.01-1.78, P = 0.045), and lymph node metastasis (positive) (OR = 1.72,95% CI:1.03-2.88, P = 0.038). Overexpression of Linc00173 is associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients and is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

Regulatory miRNAs and lncRNAs in Skin Cancer: A Narrative Review

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have a significant regulatory role in the pathogenesis of skin cancer, despite the fact that protein-coding genes have generally been the focus of research efforts in the field. We comment on the actions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in the current review with an eye toward potential therapeutic treatments. LncRNAs are remarkably adaptable, acting as scaffolding, guides, or decoys to modify key signaling pathways (i.e., the Wnt/β-catenin pathway) and gene expression. As post-transcriptional gatekeepers, miRNAs control gene expression by attaching to messenger RNAs and causing their degradation or suppression during translation. Cell cycle regulation, cellular differentiation, and immunological responses are all affected by the dysregulation of miRNAs observed in skin cancer. NcRNAs also show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and prognostic indicators. Unraveling the complexity of the regulatory networks governed by ncRNAs in skin cancer offers unprecedented opportunities for groundbreaking targeted therapies, revolutionizing the landscape of dermatologic care.

Long Intergenic Non-Protein Coding RNA 173 in Human Cancers

Long non-coding RNAs belong to non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of more than 200 nucleotides and limited protein-coding ability. Growing research has clarified that dysregulated lncRNAs are correlated with the development of various complex diseases, including cancer. LINC00173 has drawn researchers' attention as one of the recently discovered lncRNAs. Aberrant expression of LINC00173 affects the initiation and progression of human cancers. In the present review, we summarize the recent considerable research on LINC00173 in 11 human cancers. Through the summary of the abnormal expression of LINC00173 and its potential molecular regulation mechanism in cancers, this article indicates that LINC00173 may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and a target for drug therapy, thus providing novel clues for future related research.