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Sugiyama N, Uehara O, Kawano Y, Paudel D, Morikawa T, Nakamoto N, Kato S, Takayama T, Nagasawa T, Miura H, Abiko Y, Furuichi Y. Ingenuity pathway analysis of gingival epithelial cells stimulated with estradiol and progesterone. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:26-34. [PMID: 37949170 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontal disease is a risk factor for preterm delivery, and elevated female hormone levels during pregnancy promote hormone-dependent periodontopathogenic bacterial growth and gingivitis. Although the saliva of pregnant women contains female hormones at elevated levels, their effects on the gingiva are poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of estradiol and progesterone stimulation on gingival epithelial cells via ingenuity pathway analysis. METHODS Human gingival epithelial progenitors were cultured in a CnT-Prime medium; 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) were used as the reagents. Cells treated with dimethyl sulfoxide alone were used as the control group. Cells in the control and experimental groups were incubated for 12 h. RNA was extracted from the cultured cells, RNA-Seq was performed, and pathway analysis was conducted. RESULTS Differentially expressed genes were detected for 699 (over 2-fold increase) and 348 (decrease) genes in group E2 and for 1448 (increase) and 924 (decrease) genes in group P4 compared with those in the control group (FDR <0.05, n = 4). The z-scores of the pathways suggest that E2 and P4 increased the activity of the wound healing signaling pathway. The activation of this pathway was higher in the E2 and P4 groups than that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that estradiol and progesterone may affect gingival homeostasis and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nodoka Sugiyama
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health, Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
| | - Osamu Uehara
- Division of Disease Controlrol and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061- 0293, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima City, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Durga Paudel
- Advanced Research Promotion Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari- Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Morikawa
- Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Norihiro Nakamoto
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health, Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Satsuki Kato
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health, Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Takayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima City, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nagasawa
- Division of Advanced Clinical Education, Department of Integrated Dental Education, School of Dentistry, Health, Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroko Miura
- Division of Disease Controlrol and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061- 0293, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Abiko
- Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Furuichi
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health, Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
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