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Sebastian S, El-Sayed W, Adtani P, Zaarour RF, Nandakumar A, Elemam RF, Eid B, Elsewify T. Evaluation of the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of TotalFill and NeoSEALER flo bioceramic sealers. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:491-497. [PMID: 38939551 PMCID: PMC11205165 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_103_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Aim Evaluation of the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo bioceramic sealers compared to AH Plus resin sealer. Materials and Methods Modified direct contact test was used on three sets of sealers: Freshly mixed sealers, sealers that were 1-day old, and sealers that were 7-day old. After 24 h of incubation, the colony-forming units were digitally counted using Promega Colony Counter after 30 and 60 min of exposure to Enterococcus faecalis. For cytotoxic effect evaluation, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was performed at three different time points: 24 h, 48 h, and 120 h after adding the sealer eluates to human gingival fibroblasts, to assess cell viability. Data were analyzed using mixed model analysis of variance followed by post hoc test. Results TotalFill bioceramic sealer showed the highest bacterial reduction against E. faecalis throughout all intervals. AH Plus showed great antibacterial activity initially which reduced drastically after 7 days. All the sealers showed a reduction in their antibacterial activity with time. TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo showed very high cell viability in contrast to AH Plus. Conclusion TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo demonstrate superior antimicrobial properties against E. faecalis which reduces with time. TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo demonstrate acceptable biocompatibility against human gingival fibroblasts, which decreased over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabatiny Sebastian
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Walid El-Sayed
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Suez Canal Univesity, Egypt
| | - Pooja Adtani
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | | | - Aswathy Nandakumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Ranya F. Elemam
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Bassem Eid
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Tarek Elsewify
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
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Sokolonski AR, Amorim CF, Almeida SR, Lacerda LE, Araújo DB, Meyer R, Portela RD. Comparative antimicrobial activity of four different endodontic sealers. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1717-1721. [PMID: 37166626 PMCID: PMC10484879 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental cements are widely used in the clinical routine, specifically for root canal sealing. Within this context, it is expected that these materials present antimicrobial activity, since it would help in the prevention of apical and periapical infections. The present study aimed to comparatively verify the antimicrobial activity of four dental cements against microorganisms that are routinely isolated from endodontic infections. Reference strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli were submitted to the agar diffusion test and to modified direct contact test using four different sealers: an eugenol zinc oxide compound, an epoxy resin associated to calcium hydroxide and bismuth, a mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and a bioceramics. Different E. coli, C. albicans and E. faecalis growth inhibition profiles were observed in the agar diffusion assay. In the direct contact test, the bioceramics presented a higher microbicide activity on all microorganisms tested herein. Dental cements have different antimicrobial activities, being that the bioceramics present the most consistent antimicrobial activity, and that the direct contact test presented more uniform results than the agar diffusion test. This study reveals the antimicrobial activities of different cements and allow dentists to decide which material to employ in their daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Sokolonski
- Laboratory of Oral Biochemistry, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Carolina Ferreira Amorim
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Ricardo Almeida
- Laboratory of Oral Biochemistry, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Lacerda
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Danilo Barral Araújo
- Laboratory of Oral Biochemistry, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Roberto Meyer
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Dias Portela
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil.
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KOMABAYASHI T, COLMENAR D, CVACH N, BHAT A, PRIMUS C, IMAI Y. Comprehensive review of current endodontic sealers. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:703-720. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aparna BHAT
- University of New England College of Dental Medicine
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Šimundić Munitić M, Poklepović Peričić T, Utrobičić A, Bago I, Puljak L. Antimicrobial efficacy of commercially available endodontic bioceramic root canal sealers: A systematic review. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223575. [PMID: 31622387 PMCID: PMC6797114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, a new generation of bioceramic root canal sealers has been introduced onto the market. Many in vitro studies have investigated the antimicrobial properties of these sealers, but their comparative efficacy in antimicrobial activity is still unknown. Methodology Three electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE and Embase via the OvidSP platform, and Web of Science, up to June 25, 2019. Studies were included irrespective of study design, type of publication and language. Reporting quality was assessed by two authors independently. Meta-analysis was not performed due to studies being highly heterogeneous. Results We included 37 studies that analysed the antimicrobial effects of bioceramic sealers. Most of them used a planktonic cell model, with the exception of nine studies which used biofilms. It was not possible to make direct comparison of results from studies and to give a clear conclusion about the comparative antimicrobial activity of these materials because the studies used heterogeneous sources and ages of microorganisms, setting and contact times of sealers, and antimicrobial tests. Furthermore, some materials showed completely different results when tested with different methods. Conclusions In conclusion, multiple in vitro studies have shown that bioceramic sealers may have various degrees of antimicrobial activity. However, it is still impossible to make conclusions about their comparative efficacy and to recommend the use of one over another in clinical practice because the studies available were conducted in different ways, which makes meta-analysis futile. A uniform methodological approach, consistent definitions and studies on humans are urgently needed in this field of research so that recommendations for practice can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Šimundić Munitić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Dental Polyclinic Split; School of Dental Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- * E-mail:
| | - Tina Poklepović Peričić
- Department of Research in Biomedicine and Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Ana Utrobičić
- Cochrane Croatia, Central Medical Library, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivona Bago
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Livia Puljak
- Department of Evidence Based Medicine and Health Care, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Huang Y, Li X, Mandal P, Wu Y, Liu L, Gui H, Liu J. The in vitro antimicrobial activities of four endodontic sealers. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:118. [PMID: 31215426 PMCID: PMC6582474 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of four endodontic sealers (GuttaFlow2, AH Plus, ProRoot MTA and RealSeal) against E. feacalis, E.coli and C.albicans. Methods The antimicrobial activities of four endodontic sealers were assessed by both agar diffusion test (ADT) and direct contact test (DCT) in this study. In ADT, the results were reported as the diameter of the growth inhibition zone. Both fresh and 1-day-setting sealers were measured. In DCT, microorganisms in suspension were exposed to the sealers for 10, 30 and 60 min and the survival of microorganisms were determined after exposure at different time points(after mixing, 1 and 7 days). The number of colony-forming unit (CFU) was counted. The results were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results Both ADT and DCT results showed that Guttaflow2 presented no effect against any tested microorganisms. In ADT, fresh RealSeal had the largest inhibition zone against all tested microbes, followed by AH Plus and ProRoot MTA. ProRoot MTA demonstrated inhibition zones against all the three test microbes after setting for 1 day, while the other three sealers showed no inhibition activity. In DCT, fresh AH Plus had the strongest antimicrobial effects against all the three tested microorganisms for every contact times, while its antimicrobial activity diminished significantly with time. Fresh RealSeal and ProRoot MTA also showed strong antimicrobial effect and still showed antimicrobial effect after 1-day-setting. The antibacterial effects of RealSeal against E. faecalis and antifungal effect of ProRoot MTA were observed after 7 days of setting. Conclusions GuttaFlow2 had no antimicrobial activity. Freshly mixed RealSeal and AH Plus demonstrated strong antimicrobial effects. RealSeal showed antimicrobial effects after setting in DCT. ProRoot MTA showed high antimicrobial activity and exhibited anti-inflammation potentials after setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# JieFang avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshuang Li
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# JieFang avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Preeti Mandal
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# JieFang avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# JieFang avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihua Gui
- Department of Cadre health care section, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarong Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# JieFang avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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Poggio C, Trovati F, Ceci M, Chiesa M, Colombo M, Pietrocola G. Biological and antibacterial properties of a new silver fiber post: In vitro evaluation. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e387-e393. [PMID: 28298980 PMCID: PMC5347287 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incorporation of nano silver particles (AgNPs) to improve antibacterial properties of dental materials has become increasingly common. The aim of the present study was to compare the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity effects of different fiber posts: glass fiber post, quartz fiber post, nano fiber post and silver fiber post. Material and Methods The antibacterial activity against S. mutans, S. salivarius and S. sanguis was evaluated by using the agar disc diffusion test (ADT). Four wells of 3x2 mm (one for each material) were made with a punch by removing the agar and filled with the materials to be evaluated. The size of the inhibition zone was calculated. An extract was made eluting the posts in cell culture medium using the surface area-to-volume ratio of approximately 1.25cm²/ml between the surface of the samples and the volume of medium. Cell cultures were then exposed to 100 μL of the extracts medium. After 24 h, cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. Results Silver fiber post was the only material showing a fair antibacterial effect against all the three streptococcal strains. The level of cytotoxicity of all the fiber posts tested was higher than 90% and therefore they were considered not cytotoxic. Conclusions The new silver fiber post reported a fair antibacterial activity. On the other hand all the fiber posts tested (including the post with incorporated AgNPs) proved to be biocompatible, suggesting that their application does not represent a threat to human health. Key words:Antibacterial activity, agar disc diffusion test, biocompatibility, fiber post, MTT test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Poggio
- MD, DDS, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Trovati
- DMD, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Ceci
- DMD, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Chiesa
- DMD, PhD , Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Colombo
- DMD, PhD , Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giampiero Pietrocola
- MD, DDS, Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Baldasso FER, Kopper PMP, Morgental RD, Steier L, Figueiredo JAPD, Scarparo RK. Biological Tissue Response to a New Formulation of a Silicone Based Endodontic Sealer. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:657-663. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Satisfactory biological behavior is a necessary requirement for clinical application of endodontic materials. In this study, the connective tissue responses to silicone (GuttaFlow 2), epoxy resin (AH Plus) and zinc oxide and eugenol (Endofill) based sealers were compared. Twelve Wistar rats had polyethylene tubes (four per animal) containing one of the tested sealers and empty tubes (negative control) implanted in their subcutaneous tissue. The tubes were randomly placed 2 cm from the spine and at least 2 cm apart from one another. Tissue samples with implants were processed for histological analysis after 7 or 60 days (n=6 animals per period). Inflammatory cells, fibrous condensation and abscess were scored according to their intensity. Friedman, followed by Dunn's post hoc, was used to compare sealers. Differences between the two experimental periods were verified using Mann-Witney U test (p<0.05). At 7 days, most of the histological parameters showed no significant differences amongst groups. Endofill group scored higher than the others for giant cells (o<0.05) and promoted a greater number of samples presenting abscess formation. GuttaFlow 2 tended to show a less intense inflammatory infiltrate compared to the other materials. At 60 days, there were no significant differences between groups in most of the histological parameters evaluated. However, it was observed that Endofill scored higher for macrophages (p<0.05) compared to the control group, and GuttaFlow 2 tended to present lower scores than the others for neutrophils and abscess. GuttaFlow 2 showed proper biological behavior and should be considered adequate for clinical practice.
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In Vitro Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Root Canal Sealers against Enterococcus faecalis: A Systematic Review. J Endod 2016; 42:1588-1597. [PMID: 27623499 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the outcomes of in vitro studies of root canal sealers for their antimicrobial effectiveness against Enterococcus faecalis on the basis of direct contact test. METHODS An exhaustive literature search was performed by using MEDLINE, Scopus, TRIP, and OpenThesis databases, followed by an extensive hand search of references of identified articles. Two independent reviewers evaluated the studies for eligibility against inclusion and exclusion criteria and performed data abstraction and risk of bias evaluations. RESULTS A total of 31 articles were assessed for eligibility. Of these, 24 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. A considerable heterogeneity was found in the methodologies of included studies. Therefore, it was not feasible to perform meta-analysis. Majority of the studies reported that different categories of freshly prepared sealers possessed some form of positive antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis for up to 24 hours. Antimicrobial efficacy was lost as the material set. Moderate evidence was found for no antimicrobial activity of aged (2-day to 7-day set) sealer samples across all categories. CONCLUSIONS The evidence indicated positive antimicrobial activity of freshly mixed sealers against E. faecalis. Antimicrobial efficacy was lost as the material set, with no bacterial growth inhibition by 2-day to 7-day set sealer samples. However, the studies included in this review presented medium to high risk of bias. This review identified the need for the development of standardized methods to evaluate antimicrobial activity of root canal sealers in in vitro studies.
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