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Daquila BV, Dossi FC, Moi DA, Moreira DR, Caleffe RR, Pamphile JA, Conte H. Bioactivity of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) on Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) eggs. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:2019-2028. [PMID: 33342024 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram-positive bacterium that synthesizes specific protein toxins, which can be exploited for control of various insect pests, including Diatraea saccharalis, a lepidopteran that severely damages sugarcane crops. Although studies have described the effects of Bt in the larval phases of D. saccharalis, few have examined its effect on insect eggs. Herein, we studied the entomopathogenic potential of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar Aizawai GC-91 (Bta) during D. saccharalis embryo development with the aim of understanding the entomopathogenic mechanism and developing new biological control techniques for target insects. RESULTS Bta concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 g L-1 demonstrated the strongest bioactivity, reducing D. saccharalis egg viability by 28.69%, 33.91% and 34.98%, respectively. The lethal concentrations (LCs) were estimated as: LC50 = 28.07 g L-1 (CI 95% = 1.89-2.38) and LC90 = 65.36 g L-1 (CI 95% = 4.19-5.26). Alterations in egg coloration, melanization and granule accumulation were observed at 24 h, persisting until 144 h. The embryo digestive systems were severely damaged, including narrowing of the intestinal lumen, vesiculations and degenerated cells, causing embryonic death. CONCLUSION The toxicity caused by Bta in D. saccharalis embryos demonstrated its potential as a biological control agent and as a sustainable alternative for integrated management of D. saccharalis infestation. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno V Daquila
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Fábio Ca Dossi
- Institute of Technology and Research - ITP, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Dieison A Moi
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Daiani R Moreira
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Rt Caleffe
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, Brazil
| | - João A Pamphile
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Helio Conte
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, Brazil
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Noriega DD, Arraes FBM, Antonino JD, Macedo LLP, Fonseca FCA, Togawa RC, Grynberg P, Silva MCM, Negrisoli AS, Morgante CV, Grossi-de-Sa MF. Comparative gut transcriptome analysis of Diatraea saccharalis in response to the dietary source. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235575. [PMID: 32745084 PMCID: PMC7398519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis, Fabricius, 1794) is a devastating pest that causes millions of dollars of losses each year to sugarcane producers by reducing sugar and ethanol yields. The control of this pest is difficult due to its endophytic behavior and rapid development. Pest management through biotechnological approaches has emerged in recent years as an alternative to currently applied methods. Genetic information about the target pests is often required to perform biotechnology-based management. The genomic and transcriptomic data for D. saccharalis are very limited. Herein, we report a tissue-specific transcriptome of D. saccharalis larvae and a differential expression analysis highlighting the physiological characteristics of this pest in response to two different diets: sugarcane and an artificial diet. Sequencing was performed on the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform, and a de novo assembly was generated. A total of 27,626 protein-coding unigenes were identified, among which 1,934 sequences were differentially expressed between treatments. Processes such as defence, digestion, detoxification, signaling, and transport were highly represented among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Furthermore, seven aminopeptidase genes were identified as candidates to encode receptors of Cry proteins, which are toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis used to control lepidopteran pests. Since plant-insect interactions have produced a considerable number of adaptive responses in hosts and herbivorous insects, the success of phytophagous insects relies on their ability to overcome challenges such as the response to plant defences and the intake of nutrients. In this study, we identified metabolic pathways and specific genes involved in these processes. Thus, our data strongly contribute to the knowledge advancement of insect transcripts, which can be a source of target genes for pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D. Noriega
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Fabricio B. M. Arraes
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Biotechnology Center, UFRGS, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - José Dijair Antonino
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Departamento de Agronomia/Entomologia, UFRPE, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando C. A. Fonseca
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Carolina V. Morgante
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Embrapa Semi Arid, Petrolina-PE, Brazil
| | - Maria F. Grossi-de-Sa
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology–INCT PlantStress Biotech–EMBRAPA, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
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Sturza VS, da Cunha US, Bernardi D, Greco MGDCE, Nava DE. Nonpreference for Oviposition of Sugarcane Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Sugarcane Seedlings Is Influenced by Ripening Group and Plant Age. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 49:692-698. [PMID: 32318711 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaa039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is considered the main sugarcane pest in many countries. The use of plant genotypes less preferred by insects are among the alternative methods to control this species which can be used alone or associated with other control methods such as biological control in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. We assessed if the nonpreference for oviposition of D. saccharalis in sugarcane genotypes established by seedlings is different according to ripening group and plant age. For that purpose, four experiments were performed: 1) seedlings of early-ripening genotypes, 2) seedlings of late-ripening genotypes, 3) and mix of early- and late-ripening genotypes, seedlings, and 4) plants. There were least preferred genotypes for oviposition by D. saccharalis among seedlings of early-ripening (RB965902 and RB966928) and late-ripening (RB987935) genotypes. It was also observed when the groups were mixed as seedlings (RB965902) or plants (RB925345). The nonpreference for egg deposition in different ripening groups and plant age might be useful to integrate with other strategies for the management of D. saccharalis. Moreover, results of egg distribution might indicate the likely position of resistance factors on leaves, whether morphological or chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Soares Sturza
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Programa de Pós-gradução em Fitossanidade, Campus Universitário, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Uemerson Silva da Cunha
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Programa de Pós-gradução em Fitossanidade, Campus Universitário, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Daniel Bernardi
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Programa de Pós-gradução em Fitossanidade, Campus Universitário, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | | | - Dori Edson Nava
- Embrapa Clima Temperado, BR 392, km 78, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Daquila BV, Scudeler EL, Dossi FCA, Moreira DR, Pamphile JA, Conte H. Action of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) in the midgut of the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 184:109642. [PMID: 31539808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The relevance of Bacillus thuringiensis in pest control strategies have been increasing in recent decades. This entomopathogenic microorganism is considered safe, and its action is highly selective to target organisms. Its toxic effect is attributed to the toxins synthesized during sporulation. The nature of the produced toxins depends on the bacterial variety. Some varieties of B. thuringiensis can synthesize from one to eight distinct toxins, which have specific effects on different orders of susceptible insects. The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis, is a holometabolous lepidopteran that causes severe damage to sugar cane cultures during its larval phase. Therefore, to evaluate B. thuringiensis serovar Aizawai GC-91 efficiency and its effects on the midgut of first instar D. saccharalis larvae, we reared the insects with contaminated artificial diet for 144 h. Larvae mortality during this period revealed that 5, 10, and 20 g/L concentrations were the most efficient, resulting in 100% mortality of treated larvae, with LC50 and LC90 estimated at 0.307 and 1.330 g/L, respectively. Furthermore, histological and ultrastructural analyses revealed damage to midgut cells. Within the first 24 h of treatment, the midgut of infected insects presented peritrophic membrane degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and cellular hypertrophy; spherites and calcium granules were also observed. At 48 h of treatment, the digestive system had collapsed, with microvilli degeneration, basement membrane and muscular fiber bundles disruption, and cellular lysis. These results confirm the toxicity of the B. thuringiensis serovar Aizawai GC-91 on D. saccharalis larvae and its potential use as a biocontroller against this pest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Vinicius Daquila
- Laboratory of Biological Control, Morphology and Insect Cytogenetics, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Elton Luiz Scudeler
- Laboratory of Insects, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Fábio Cleisto Alda Dossi
- Microscopy Center, Complex of Research Support Centers of the State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Daiani Rodrigues Moreira
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - João Alencar Pamphile
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Helio Conte
- Laboratory of Biological Control, Morphology and Insect Cytogenetics, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil.
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