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Lee H, Kim H, Lee S, Lee GJ. Establishing Reference Values for a New Computerized Cognitive Function Test Program for Children. Ann Rehabil Med 2024; 48:135-145. [PMID: 38644639 PMCID: PMC11058362 DOI: 10.5535/arm.230014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish reference values for the computerized cognitive test and evaluate cognitive function improvements across different age groups, we introduce the computerized Cognitive Function Test program (eCFT), specifically designed for children. We aimed to establish eCFT reference values and assess cognitive function improvements across different age groups. METHODS We included children aged 3-6 years with confirmed normal cognition based on the Korean Developmental Screening Test for Infants and Children and Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children-II. The eCFT consists of 8 subtests for visual perception, attention, memory, and executive function. RESULTS A total of 66 participants (36 males and 30 females) with an average age of 4.4 years participated. The age 6 group consistently outperformed both age group 3 and 4 in terms of correct responses. With regard to the completed stage, the "selective auditory stimulus" test findings were 2.0 and 3.9 for the age 3 and age 6 groups, respectively (p<0.05). The "trail-making" test findings were 1.7, 2.1, 2.6, and 2.8, respectively (between ages 3 and 6, p<0.01; between ages 4 and 6, p<0.05); moreover, the age 5 group surpassed the age 3 group (2.6 and 1.7, respectively, p<0.05). CONCLUSION The eCFT is an easily accessible tool to evaluate cognitive function in young children. We introduce reference values with a cutoff range for preschool-aged children, enabling early intervention for those with cognitive impairment. Given its accessibility and relatively short evaluation time, the eCFT has potential for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Yangpyeong, Korea
| | - Hajeong Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suan Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Goo Joo Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Yangpyeong, Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Han Y, Zeng X, Hua L, Quan X, Chen Y, Zhou M, Chuang Y, Li Y, Wang S, Shen X, Wei L, Yuan Z, Zhao Y. The fusion of multi-omics profile and multimodal EEG data contributes to the personalized diagnostic strategy for neurocognitive disorders. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:12. [PMID: 38243335 PMCID: PMC10797890 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01717-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) in the aging population worldwide has become a significant concern due to subjectivity of evaluations and the lack of precise diagnostic methods and specific indicators. Developing personalized diagnostic strategies for NCDs has therefore become a priority. RESULTS Multimodal electroencephalography (EEG) data of a matched cohort of normal aging (NA) and NCDs seniors were recorded, and their faecal samples and urine exosomes were collected to identify multi-omics signatures and metabolic pathways in NCDs by integrating metagenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics analysis. Additionally, experimental verification of multi-omics signatures was carried out in aged mice using faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). We found that NCDs seniors had low EEG power spectral density and identified specific microbiota, including Ruminococcus gnavus, Enterocloster bolteae, Lachnoclostridium sp. YL 32, and metabolites, including L-tryptophan, L-glutamic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), as well as disturbed biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids and TCA cycle dysfunction, validated in aged mice. Finally, we employed a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm to construct a machine learning model to classify NA and NCDs groups based on the fusion of EEG data and multi-omics profiles and the model demonstrated 92.69% accuracy in classifying NA and NCDs groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the potential of multi-omics profiling and EEG data fusion in personalized diagnosis of NCDs, with the potential to improve diagnostic precision and provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of NCDs. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Xinglin Zeng
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lin Hua
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Xingping Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Manfei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | | | - Yang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Xu Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lai Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China.
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Huang Y, Pan FF, Huang L, Guo Q. The Value of Clock Drawing Process Assessment in Screening for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Dementia. Assessment 2023; 30:364-374. [PMID: 34704455 DOI: 10.1177/10731911211053851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Many clock drawing test (CDT) scoring systems focus on drawing results and lack drawing process assessments. This study created a CDT scoring procedure with drawing process assessment and explored its diagnostic value in screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early Alzheimer's disease (AD) from normal control (NC). We used logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to determine a new, sensitive scoring system for AD and MCI patients in a derivation cohort. The new scoring method was then compared to two common scoring systems and externally validated in a second cohort. We developed a new scoring system named CDT5, which contained one process assessment item: remember setting time without asking. Compared with two published scoring systems, CDT5 had better discriminatory power in distinguishing AD patients from NCs in derivation (area under the ROC curve [area under the curve, AUC] = .890) and validation (AUC = .867) cohorts. Three scoring systems had poor diagnostic accuracy at discriminating MCI patients from controls, with CDT5 being the most sensitive (78.57%). Adding the drawing process in CDT helps accurately detect patients with early AD, but its role in identifying patients with MCI needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlu Huang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Feng Pan
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Hartle L, Martorelli M, Balboni G, Souza R, Charchat-Fichman H. Diagnostic accuracy of CompCog: reaction time as a screening measure for mild cognitive impairment. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2022; 80:570-579. [PMID: 35946705 PMCID: PMC9387195 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reaction time is affected under different neurological conditions but has not been much investigated considering all types of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). OBJECTIVE This study investigated the diagnostic accuracy of CompCog, a computerized cognitive screening battery focusing on reaction time measurements. METHODS A sample of 52 older adults underwent neuropsychological assessments, including CompCog, and medical appointments, to be classified as a control group or be diagnosed with MCI. The accuracy of CompCog for distinguishing between the two groups was calculated. RESULTS The results from diagnostic accuracy analyses showed that the AUCs of ROC curves were as high as 0.915 (CI 0.837-0.993). The subtest with the highest sensitivity and specificity (choice reaction time subtest) had 91.7% sensitivity and 89.3% specificity. The logistic regression final model correctly classified 92.3% of individuals, with 92.9% specificity and 91.7% sensitivity, and included only four variables from different subtests. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the study showed that reaction time assessed through CompCog is a good screening measure to differentiate between normal aging and MCI. Reaction time measurements in milliseconds were more accurate than correct answers. This test can form part of routine clinical tests to achieve the objectives of screening for MCI, indicating further procedures for investigation and diagnosis and planning interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Hartle
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Psicologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
- Università degli Studi di Perugia, Dipartimento di Filosofia, scienze sociali, umane e della formazione, Perugia, Italia
| | - Marina Martorelli
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Psicologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Giulia Balboni
- Università degli Studi di Perugia, Dipartimento di Filosofia, scienze sociali, umane e della formazione, Perugia, Italia
| | - Raquel Souza
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Psicologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Helenice Charchat-Fichman
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Psicologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
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Hartle L, Mendes-Santos L, Barbosa E, Balboni G, Charchat-Fichman H. Evidence of the validity of a novel version of the computerized cognitive screening battery CompCog. Dement Neuropsychol 2021; 15:485-496. [PMID: 35509793 PMCID: PMC9018081 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-040010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the availability of the computer-based assessment has increased over the years, neuropsychology has not carried out a significant paradigm shift since the personal computer’s popularization in the 1980s. To keep up with the technological advances of healthcare and neuroscience in general, more efforts must be made in the field of clinical neuropsychology to develop and validate new and more technology-based instruments, especially considering new variables and paradigms when compared to paper and pencil tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Hartle
- Department of Psychology, Brazil; Department of Philosophy, Italy
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Hartle L, Charchat-Fichman H. Mild cognitive impairment history and current procedures in low- and middle-income countries: a brief review. Dement Neuropsychol 2021; 15:155-163. [PMID: 34345356 PMCID: PMC8283875 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-020001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a widely studied concept that has changed over time. Epidemiology, diagnosis, costs, prognostics, screening procedures, and categorization have been extensively discussed. However, unified guidelines are still not available, especially considering differences between low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and high-income countries (HIC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Hartle
- Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Philosophy, Social, Human and Education Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Helenice Charchat-Fichman
- Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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