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Yey Özkeskin SZ, Ersan N, Öztürk Muhtar M, Cansiz E, Ramazanoğlu M. Evaluation of Minimum Axial Airway Area and Airway Volume in Orthognathic Surgery Patients: A Retrospective Study. J Craniofac Surg 2024:00001665-990000000-01811. [PMID: 39141820 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare preoperative and postoperative linear, planar, and volumetric measurements in the pharyngeal airway in orthognathic surgery patients. Preoperative and postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 60 patients, who underwent maxillary advancement with mandibular setback (Group I, n=25) and bimaxillary advancement (Group II, n=35), were compared. The airway was divided into 3 regions as nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx. Linear and planar measurements were made on the reference sections of each region. The minimum axial airway area, the volume of 3 regions, and total airway volume were also measured. Regarding the linear, planar, and volumetric measurements, while there was a statistically significant increase in the measurements for all three regions in Group II, in Group I only the measurements in the nasopharyngeal region demonstrated a statistically significant increase postoperatively (P<0.05). There was an increase in minimum axial airway areas in both groups; however, it was only statistically significant in Group II (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant increase in total airway volumes in both groups (P<0.05). A positive and good correlation was found between the percent increase in the minimum axial area and the percent increase in the total volume (P<0.05). While bimaxillary advancement surgery results in a significant increase in the pharyngeal airway, mandibular setback with maxillary advancement caused an increase in the total airway. Changes that may occur in the airway should be considered while planning orthognathic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nilüfer Ersan
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Merve Öztürk Muhtar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Erol Cansiz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Mustafa Ramazanoğlu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkiye
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Hazare A, Kamble R, Shrivastav S, Shenoy U, Gillani R. Using a Portable Ventilatory Airway Screening (PVAS) Device to Evaluate the Difference Between Upper Airway Breathing Pressure and Respiratory Flow in Skeletal Class I and Class II Growing Individuals With Retrognathic Mandible. Cureus 2024; 16:e62898. [PMID: 39040758 PMCID: PMC11262777 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Upper airway obstruction (UAO) is a significant clinical concern due to its potential to lead to serious health issues, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular diseases. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as spirometry, are often invasive and complex. This study aims to validate a portable ventilatory airway screening (PVAS) device as a non-invasive, cost-effective alternative for measuring upper airway breathing pressure and respiratory flow. Objectives To validate the accuracy of the PVAS device in measuring upper airway breathing pressure and respiratory flow by comparing its readings with those obtained from standard spirometry tests. Methods This cross-sectional analytical study involved 40 growing individuals aged 10-14 years, divided into two groups based on cephalometric analysis: Skeletal Class I (20 patients) and Skeletal Class II with retrognathic mandible (20 patients). Breathing pressure, volume, and velocity measurements were recorded using both the PVAS device and spirometry, and their accuracy was compared. Results The PVAS device showed high concordance with spirometry results, demonstrating significant accuracy in measuring breathing pressure, volume, and velocity. Skeletal Class II individuals exhibited significantly higher breathing pressure and reduced respiratory flow compared to Class I individuals, as measured by the PVAS device. Conclusion The PVAS device is a valid and accurate tool for non-invasive measurement of upper airway breathing pressure and respiratory flow. Its ease of use and reliability make it a valuable tool for clinical practice, particularly in the early diagnosis and management of airway obstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Hazare
- Orthodontics, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, IND
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Ranjit Kamble
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sunita Shrivastav
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Usha Shenoy
- Orthodontics, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, IND
| | - Rizwan Gillani
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
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Sfondrini MF, Gallo S, Pascadopoli M, Gandini P, Roncoroni C, Scribante A. Upper Airway Dimensions among Different Skeletal Malocclusions: A Retrospective Observational Study by Cephalometric Analysis. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:12. [PMID: 38248220 PMCID: PMC10813941 DOI: 10.3390/dj12010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate the upper airway dimensions in adult non-orthodontic patients, equally divided according to their skeletal class. METHODS In this retrospective cross-sectional study, lateral cephalometric radiographs of adult patients referred for orthodontic consultation were collected. Cephalometric tracing was performed with dedicated software. For each measure, descriptive statistics were calculated. Cephalometric measurements between the different skeletal classes were compared. Linear regressions were performed between upper airway diameters and cephalometric measurements, sex and age. Significance was predetermined for p < 0.05. RESULTS Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 120 patients were reviewed. Nasopharynx length (NL) and depth (PD) measurements were significantly shorter in skeletal class III patients (p < 0.05). The superior pharyngeal airway space (SPAS) was found to be significantly shorter in class III patients as compared to class II patients (p < 0.05), and the mean airway space (MAS) of class I patients was found to be significantly shorter compared to class II patients (p < 0.05). Palate length (PL) values were found to be significantly longer in class I (p < 0.05). Linear regressions showed that the sella-nasion-A point angle (SNA) and Riedel's angle between point A, the nasion and point B (ANB) significantly influenced NL and PD (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Class III patients show significantly shorter nasopharynx measurements; clinicians should consider that this sagittal discrepancy could be related to an altered anatomy of the upper respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Francesca Sfondrini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Gallo
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pascadopoli
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Gandini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Caterina Roncoroni
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Automated Evaluation of Upper Airway Obstruction Based on Deep Learning. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:8231425. [PMID: 36852295 PMCID: PMC9966825 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8231425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study is aimed at developing a screening tool that could evaluate the upper airway obstruction on lateral cephalograms based on deep learning. Methods We developed a novel and practical convolutional neural network model to automatically evaluate upper airway obstruction based on ResNet backbone using the lateral cephalogram. A total of 1219 X-ray images were collected for model training and testing. Results In comparison with VGG16, our model showed a better performance with sensitivity of 0.86, specificity of 0.89, PPV of 0.90, NPV of 0.85, and F1-score of 0.88, respectively. The heat maps of cephalograms showed a deeper understanding of features learned by deep learning model. Conclusion This study demonstrated that deep learning could learn effective features from cephalograms and automated evaluate upper airway obstruction according to X-ray images. Clinical Relevance. A novel and practical deep convolutional neural network model has been established to relieve dentists' workload of screening and improve accuracy in upper airway obstruction.
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The Airway Volume Related to the Maxillo-Mandibular Position Using 3D Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6670191. [PMID: 34239931 PMCID: PMC8241511 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6670191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this research was to compare three cephalometric analyses and their correlation with the airway volume in subjects with different skeletal classes using 2D and 3D images. Study Design. Cross-sectional descriptive study. Material and Method. Steiner, McNamara, and Ricketts analyses and the airway volume were compared in 115 subjects who were candidates for orthognathic surgery under diagnosis using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT); 46 males (40%) and 69 females (60%) were included. The sagittal positions of the maxilla and mandible, the angulation of the mandibular plane, the sagittal positions of the upper and lower incisors, measurements of the largest or shortest airway area, and the volume were compared using Spearman's test considering a p value < 0.05. Results Differences were observed between the Steiner and McNamara techniques for the sagittal position of the maxilla (p = 0.01). For mandibular angulation, there was a greater difference between values for Steiner and Ricketts techniques (p = 0.001). In the upper incisor, the results for McNamara and Ricketts techniques were significantly different (p = 0.004). Analysing the airway, subjects with a class II skeletal pattern had a smaller volume than those with a class III pattern (p = 0.034). Conclusion It may be concluded that skeletal class II patients have a significantly smaller airway volume than class III patients. The skeletal parameter does not always relate to the airway volume; however, the high mandibular angle could be related to the airway conditions.
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Mendes SDL, Ribeiro ILA, de Castro RD, Filgueiras VM, Ramos TB, Lacerda RHW. Risk factors for anterior open bite: A case-control study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2020; 17:388-394. [PMID: 33343848 PMCID: PMC7737827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior open bite (AOB) is noteworthy because it is a complex dysplasia, and clinical studies on this malocclusion are usually epidemiological studies or experimental models with small samples and no control group, which renders the data on AOB incomplete and therefore inconclusive. The objective this study was to assess the risk factors involved in developing AOB. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case-control study was provided with a total of 96 lateral cephalometric radiographs of male and female patients aged between 8 and 14 years were used, regardless of facial type. The dependent variable was the presence or absence of AOB, which divided the participants into case and control groups, respectively; these groups were matched for gender and age. The case and control groups data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential analysis by binary logistic regression using at the 5% significance level. RESULTS The occurrence of AOB was associated with the presence of deleterious oral habits (P = 0.014; Chi-square test) and was approximately three times (odds ratio = 3.04) more likely to occur in participants with AOB. No significant association between the presence of mouth breathing and the occurrence of AOB was found (P = 0.151; Chi-square test). The odds associated with tongue interposition were 10.51 times higher than those of participants with no such deglutition. The odds associated with the dolichofacial pattern were 5.74 times those of participants with a nondolichofacial pattern. CONCLUSION Tongue interposition and dolichocephalic facial pattern were risk factors for developing AOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suellen de Lima Mendes
- Brazilian Dental Association, University Hospital Lauro Wanderley, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Isabella Lima Arrais Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, University Hospital Lauro Wanderley, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil,Address for correspondence: Dr. Isabella Lima Arrais Ribeiro, University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. E-mail:
| | - Ricardo Dias de Castro
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, University Hospital Lauro Wanderley, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Vitor Marques Filgueiras
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, University Hospital Lauro Wanderley, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Tânia Braga Ramos
- Brazilian Dental Association, University Hospital Lauro Wanderley, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Rosa Helena Wanderley Lacerda
- Brazilian Dental Association, University Hospital Lauro Wanderley, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil,Graduate Program in Dentistry, University Hospital Lauro Wanderley, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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Al Ayoubi A, Dalla Torre D, Madléna M. Craniofacial characteristics of Syrian adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion: a retrospective study. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9545. [PMID: 32742806 PMCID: PMC7368432 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malocclusion characteristics vary across different ethnic groups and populations. Limited data are available regarding the characteristics of Syrian adolescents with Class II division 1 (Class II-1) malocclusion, and the recent inflow of Syrian refugees and immigrants into Europe and many areas worldwide demonstrate the need for updated studies to discover the craniofacial characteristics of these new immigrants. Objectives The present compound cephalometric and tooth-size study sought to assess the dentofacial morphology, upper-airway dimensions, and tooth-size characteristics of Syrian adolescents with Class II-1 malocclusion and compare the results with established Syrian population norms. Materials and Methods The study sample consisted of 43 Syrian patients including 24 females and 19 males with Class II-1 malocclusion (age: 14.3 (±1.5) years, mean (±SD)). Cephalometric radiographs and orthodontic casts were analyzed using special orthodontic software (OnyxCeph3™) and a universal digital caliper, respectively. Statistics were calculated using the SPSS software. Results In Syrian adolescents with Class II-1 malocclusion, the position of the mandible relative to the nasion perpendicular (mean (95% confidence interval)) was −11.01 (−12.45, −9.57) mm. Facial axis angle showed a negative value: −6.25 (−7.65, −4.85) degrees. An obtuse nasolabial angle was observed: 104.05 (101.77, 106.33) degrees. The average width of the upper pharynx was 11.50 (10.53, 12.47) mm; however, there was no prevalence of an upper-pharyngeal width of 5 mm or less. The average value of the anterior tooth-size ratio was 80.69 (79.85, 81.53) percent. In total, 39.5% of the investigated subjects had anterior ratios outside two standard deviations from Bolton’s norm, while 25.6% of the investigated subjects had anterior ratios outside two standard deviations from Syrian population norm. Conclusions In this study, the inter-maxillary discrepancy of Class II-1 Syrian adolescents was a consequence of their hyperdivergent facial pattern. The observed small pharyngeal widths were not clinically significant, while the anterior tooth-size discrepancy might be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Al Ayoubi
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Daniel Dalla Torre
- University Clinic of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Melinda Madléna
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Kocakara G, Buyukcavus MH, Orhan H. Evaluation of pharyngeal airway dimensions and hyoid bone position according to craniofacial growth pattern. Cranio 2020; 40:313-323. [PMID: 32692620 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2020.1796060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare pharyngeal airway dimensions and hyoid bone position in different craniofacial growth patterns. METHODS In total, 611 patients divided into 9 subgroups were compared according to malocclusion classification and vertical growth pattern, and these subgroups were compared in terms of pharyngeal airway and hyoid measurements. A two-way ANOVA test was used to compare the findings of the subgroups. RESULTS No significant difference was found for the pharyngeal measurements between the groups (p>0.05). The vertical airway length (PNS-Ep) was significantly shorter in the Class III malocclusion group (p<0.05) and in the hypodivergent group (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between any subgroups in any measurements of the position of the hyoid bone (p>0.05). CONCLUSION The pharyngeal airway dimensions and hyoid bone position are similar among individuals in the sagittal direction. The vertical airway length is significantly shorter in Class III and hypodivergent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gönül Kocakara
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | | | - Hikmet Orhan
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Ribeiro IA, Mendes SL, de Castro R, Filgueiras V, Ramos T, Lacerda RW. Risk factors for anterior open bite: A case–control study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.294335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Reinheimer DM, Andrade BMR, Nascimento JKF, Fonte JBM, Araújo IMP, Martins-Filho PRS, Salvatori R, Valença EHO, Oliveira AHA, Aguiar-Oliveira MH, Oliveira-Neto LA. Formant Frequencies, Cephalometric Measures, and Pharyngeal Airway Width in Adults With Congenital, Isolated, and Untreated Growth Hormone Deficiency. J Voice 2019; 35:61-68. [PMID: 31147205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adult subjects with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) due to a mutation in the growth hormone releasing hormone receptor gene exhibit higher values formant frequencies. In normal subjects, a significant negative association between the formant frequencies and the reduction of linear craniofacial measurements, especially of maxilla and mandible, has been reported. This suggests smaller pharyngeal width, despite low prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Here we evaluate their pharyngeal airway width, its correlation with vowel formant frequencies, and the correlation between them and the craniofacial measures. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A two-step protocol was performed. In the first case-control experiment, aimed to assess the pharyngeal width, we compared nine adult IGHD and 36 normal statured controls. Both upper and lower pharyngeal widths were measured. The second step (assessment of pharyngeal width) was performed only in the IGHD group. RESULTS Upper and lower pharyngeal widths were similar in IGHD and controls. In IGHD subjects, the lower pharyngeal width exhibited a negative correlation with F1 [a] and a positive correlation with mandibular length. There were negative correlations between F1 and F2 with linear and positive correlations with the angular measures. CONCLUSIONS Pharyngeal airway width is not reduced in adults with congenital, untreated lifetime IGHD, contributing to the low prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The formant frequencies relate more with cephalometric measurements than with the pharyngeal airway width. These findings exemplify the consequences of lifetime IGHD on osseous and nonosseous growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Reinheimer
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Bruna M R Andrade
- Division of Speech Therapy, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana B M Fonte
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Isabella M P Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Salvatori
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Alaíde H A Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz A Oliveira-Neto
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
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Zhang WB, Firwana A, Wang H, Sun L, Wang J. Relationship of the airway size to the mandible distance in Chinese skeletal Class I and Class II adults with normal vertical facial pattern. Indian J Dent Res 2019; 30:368-374. [DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_526_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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CHACON M, HENRIQUES JFC, VEDOVELLO FILHO M, MENEZES CCD, VEDOVELLO SAS, VENEZIAN GC, LUCATO AS. Dentoskeletal and aesthetic effects of mandibular protraction appliance (MPA) using Ricketts analysis. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.05717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective This study was designed to evaluate the skeletal, dental and soft tissue effects of mandibular deficiency treatment with the mandibular protraction appliance (MPA) using 12 factors of the Ricketts analysis. Material and method This cross-sectional retrospective study sample consisted of a group (n = 27), with Class II malocclusion, convex facial profile, increased horizontal trespass and mandibular deficiency, with initial mean age of 12.27 and final of 15.18 years, treated with fixed appliance combined with the MPA, in an average time of 2.9 years. Initial and final radiographs were investigated using Ricketts analysis. The dependent t-test was used to compare the initial and final phases of the MPA group, with a significance level of 5%. Result Statistically significant differences were observed for dental changes such as retrusion (p=0.000) and palatal inclination of the maxillary incisors (p=0.000); protrusion (p=0.000) and buccal inclination of the mandibular incisors (p=0.000); increased interincisal angle (p=0.002) and improved molar ratio (p=0.003). There was also a restriction of the anterior displacement of the maxilla (p=0.000) and a decrease in the mandibular plane angle (p=0.024). The variable inferior labial protrusion with significance (p=0.000), reiterated the improvement in the profile. Conclusion The effects of MPA on correction of malocclusion Class II, verified by Ricketts analysis occurred predominantly by dentoalveolar changes, decrease in the Mandibular Plane Angle, and restriction of anterior displacement of the maxilla, which contributed to the improvement in the patient's profile.
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Julku J, Pirilä-Parkkinen K, Pirttiniemi P. Airway and hard tissue dimensions in children treated with early and later timed cervical headgear—a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Orthod 2017; 40:285-295. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjx088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Julku
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Oulu University Hospital, Finland
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland
- MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Pertti Pirttiniemi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Oulu University Hospital, Finland
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland
- MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Finland
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Sprenger R, Martins LAC, Dos Santos JCB, de Menezes CC, Venezian GC, Degan VV. A retrospective cephalometric study on upper airway spaces in different facial types. Prog Orthod 2017; 18:25. [PMID: 28762153 PMCID: PMC5563502 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-017-0180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Craniofacial growth pattern has been correlated with variations in size of the upper airway spaces. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal airway spaces variations according to the craniofacial growth pattern, by comparing brachyfacial, mesofacial, and dolichofacial in Angle Class I individuals. Methods To measure the spaces, 45 lateral teleradiographs were used and divided into 3 groups per the craniofacial growth pattern, determined by the Tweed cephalometry angular measurements: FMA and Y-axis. To evaluate the airways, sleep apnea cephalometry was used, containing 28 points that compose 14 factors. Three groups were compared relative to each of the 14 sleep apnea cephalometry measurements. Adherence test to the normal curve was performed. For the non-normally distributed data—measurement of the inferior pharyngeal space—the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparison between the groups. For the remaining data, the distribution was normal and ANOVA test was used. Results Statistically significant difference was verified among the groups for the measurement of the median posterior-palatal space, with the difference being pointed out by the post hoc test between the brachyfacial and dolichofacial groups. For the other measurements, there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusions It could be concluded that there was difference in the median posterior-palatal space measurement, in the oropharynx region, which was reduced for individuals with a dolichofacial pattern.
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Lopatienė K, Šidlauskas A, Vasiliauskas A, Čečytė L, Švalkauskienė V, Šidlauskas M. Relationship between malocclusion, soft tissue profile, and pharyngeal airways: A cephalometric study. Medicina (B Aires) 2016; 52:307-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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