Kangaroo method: perceptions on knowledge, potencialities and barriers among nurses

Breastfeeding at discharge and in the third stage of the Kangaroo Mother Care among hospitalized preterm infants

OBJECTIVE

To identify the type of feeding and analyze the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge, in the first and in the last follow-up visit of the third stage of the Kangaroo Mother Care among infants admitted to the kangaroo unit.

METHOD

Longitudinal and retrospective study. A total of 186 infants of gestational age <37 weeks admitted to the kangaroo unit in 2018 and 2019 was included. Data collected from medical records and subjected to inferential analysis and the Poisson regression model (P < 0.05).

RESULTS

Exclusive breastfeeding rate was 73.1% at discharge, with a drop at the last follow-up visit (68.1%). At discharge, there was a greater probability of exclusive breastfeeding in younger mothers, with higher education, infants born with higher birth weight and who received exclusive human milk during hospitalization; in the first follow-up visit, in a younger mother and infant who received only human milk during hospitalization; and in the last follow-up visit, a young mother, infant who received only human milk and suckled at the breast for the first time in the kangaroo unit.

CONCLUSION

Most infants hospitalized in the second stage of the Kangaroo Mother Care were exclusively breastfed and presented maternal and clinical factors related to breastfeeding. This fact can help manage the challenges of the method and promote breastfeeding.

Power relations and knowledge of neonatal teams in the Kangaroo Mother Care implementation and dissemination

OBJECTIVE

to analyze the power relations and knowledge among health teams that permeate the Kangaroo Mother Care implementation and dissemination in the state of Santa Catarina.

METHOD

socio-historical qualitative research, carried out in the state of Santa Catarina, from January to November 2019, based on interviews with 12 health professionals. Data were analyzed in the light of Foucault's genealogical proposal, with the help of Atlas.ti Cloud®.

RESULTS

the relationships of neonatal team members strengthened Kangaroo Mother Care actions in the state, articulating services and favoring health professionals' autonomy. However, Kangaroo nurses stand out in this process, and the hegemonic medical discourse often still represses the other professional categories.

CONCLUSION

professionals develop strategies to negotiate changes in the practice of care, moving between the plots of power and knowledge, sometimes exercising it, sometimes being passive to it.

Relações de poder e saber da equipe neonatal na implantação e disseminação do Método Canguru

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as relações de poder e saber, entre a equipe de saúde, que permeiam a implantação e disseminação do Método Canguru no estado de Santa Catarina. Método: pesquisa sócio-histórica, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada no estado de Santa Catarina, no período de janeiro a novembro de 2019, a partir de entrevistas com 12 profissionais de saúde. Os dados foram analisados à luz da proposta genealógica de Foucault, com auxílio do software Atlas.ti Cloud®. Resultados: as relações da equipe neonatal fortaleceram as ações do Método Canguru no estado, articulando os serviços e favorecendo a autonomia dos profissionais de saúde. Entretanto, a enfermeira Canguru se destaca nesse processo, e o discurso médico hegemônico, muitas vezes, ainda reprime as demais categorias profissionais. Conclusão: os profissionais desenvolvem estratégias para negociar as mudanças na prática do cuidado, transitando entre as tramas do poder e saber, ora o exercendo, ora sendo passivo a ele.

Healthcare professionals' sense of coherence of parental involvement in neonatal intensive care units: A framework synthesis

Family-centered care is recognized as the gold standard in pediatric healthcare practice. However, despite the acknowledgment of its benefits and importance, inconsistent and questionable implementation persists in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) without a consolidated understanding of healthcare professionals' experiences. Therefore, this review aims to explore and consolidate healthcare professionals' perspectives on parental participation in the NICU. A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Seven electronic databases were searched from their respective dates of inception until December 30, 2020. Twenty-eight studies were included in this review. The analysis was conducted via a framework synthesis approach using Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence theory. Three over-arching themes, guided by Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence theory emerged: (1) "Comprehensibility of parental involvement in family-centered care," (2) "Manageability of parental involvement in care and decision-making," and (3) "Meaningfulness of parental involvement in shared decision-making in neonatal care," with nine corresponding subthemes. Healthcare professionals had mixed views of parental involvement, recognizing the benefits attributed to infants and parents, but were greatly hindered by organizational, environmental, and personal obstacles that weakened their sense of coherence in coping with the situation, making them feel unconfident and unprepared to involve parents in care. To cope, more integrated and formalized support was required. Organizational, environmental, and policy changes, as well as psychological support, were strategies identified to enhance healthcare professionals' sense of coherence, and consequently, their ability to cope.

Mothers' knowledge of premature newborn care and application of Kangaroo Mother Care at home

OBJECTIVE

to identify mothers' knowledge about premature newborn care and application of Kangaroo Mother Care at home.

METHODS

a descriptive, qualitative study carried out with 15 mothers of premature newborns in a reference Maternal and Child Hospital in northern Brazil using two semi-structured interviews with open- and closed-ended questions. The testimonies were analyzed using thematic analysis technique, proposed by Bardin.

RESULTS

two thematic categories originated: "Caring for a premature newborn at home: strengths and weaknesses" and "Applying Kangaroo Mother Care at home: new knowledge acquired during hospitalization".

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS

the speeches of the interviewed mothers pointed out their knowledge about home care of premature NBs and understanding the importance of Kangaroo Mother Care, mainly acquired and improved with the guidance of professionals during hospitalization and application of the method, in addition to fears, possible difficulties in home care and the need to be better informed at hospital discharge.