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Hyrcza MD, Lindenmuth TR, Auerbach A. Top Ten Lymphoproliferative Lesions Not to Miss When Evaluating Oral Ulcer Biopsies. Head Neck Pathol 2023; 17:99-118. [PMID: 36928739 PMCID: PMC10063747 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-023-01532-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral ulcers represent a full thickness loss of the mucosal epithelium leading to exposure of the submucosal connective tissue. These are common and usually self-limited lesions, although they may sometimes result from neoplasms, most commonly squamous cell carcinoma. Lymphoproliferative disorders may be difficult to diagnose in apthous ulcers since they mimic reactive inflammation. METHODS This review presents ten rare oral lymphoid proliferations which should not be missed when assessing oral ulcer biopsies. RESULTS The ten lesions include several with diagnostic cells which look similar to the histiocytes of a reactive inflammatory ulcer, including Rosai-Dorfman disease, reticulohistiocytoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and traumatic ulcerative granuloma. Other lesions, such as EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer, extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue, and plasmablastic lymphoma have lymphoid and/or plasma cell differentiation that mimic the reactive lymphocytes and plasma cells found in reactive ulcers. Two dendritic cell lesions, follicular dendritic cell sarcoma and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm, both have distinct phenotypes which are required to make an accurate diagnosis. CONCLUSION Each of these lesions are diagnosed by evaluating their histology, along with their phenotypic profile, which is sometimes enhanced by pertinent molecular findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin D. Hyrcza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Calgary, AB Canada
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Mori H, Fukatsu M, Ohkawara H, Oka Y, Kataoka Y, Taito S, Ikezoe T. Heterogeneity in the diagnosis of plasmablastic lymphoma, plasmablastic myeloma, and plasmablastic neoplasm: a scoping review. Int J Hematol 2021; 114:639-652. [PMID: 34462886 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-021-03211-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL), plasmablastic myeloma (PBM), and plasmablastic neoplasm (PBN) may be arbitrary in some cases because these entities can be indistinct. We conducted this scoping review to investigate heterogeneity in diagnostic criteria used in previous studies and validate the diagnostic results of previous diagnostic algorithms and the algorithm we developed, which also includes diagnosis of PBN. Using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, we analyzed literature published between September 2017 and April 2020. We identified a total of 163 cases (128 PBL, 32 PBM, and 3 PBN) from 77 case reports and 8 case series. We found that diagnostic criteria in the literature varied for PBL but were consistent for PBM. Our algorithm was the first attempt to include PBN in a complete structure. The results of the three diagnostic algorithms varied significantly. Hematologists and pathologists should pay more attention to the differential diagnosis of PBL, PBM, and PBN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Mori
- Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 9601295, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Fukatsu
- Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 9601295, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohkawara
- Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 9601295, Japan
| | - Yuka Oka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Kataoka
- Hospital Care Research Unit, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan.,Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Systematic Review Workshop Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Taito
- Systematic Review Workshop Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Department of Clinical Practice and Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ikezoe
- Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 9601295, Japan
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Jariwal R, Raza N, Bhandohal J, Cobos E. Non-Hodgkin's Plasmablastic Lymphoma as Initial Presentation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2021; 9:23247096211014689. [PMID: 33980062 PMCID: PMC8127741 DOI: 10.1177/23247096211014689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that manifests in patients with the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), more prominently in the head, neck, and oral mucosal region. The diagnosis of this rare lymphoma serves as a concomitant diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The case is of a 33-year-old previously healthy male, with an unknown diagnosis of HIV with a painful right mandibular mass. He was subsequently diagnosed with PBL and HIV. This case of PBL illustrates the importance of linking a rare and potentially life-threatening diagnosis as a possible first manifestation of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Raza
- UCLA at Kern Medical Center, Bakersfield, CA, USA
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Tseng CH, Wang WC, Chen CY, Hsu HJ, Chen YK. Clinical manifestations of oral lymphomas - Retrospective study of 15 cases in a Taiwanese population and a review of 592 cases from the literature. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 120:361-370. [PMID: 32505589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Due to the rarity of oral lymphoma (OL), we aimed to evaluate the clinical features of OL and discuss these findings in light of the literature. METHODS English language literature (1980-2019) related to OL was searched in two electronic databases. Patients (2000-2019) diagnosed with OL were also selected from the database of the Oral Pathology Department in our institution. The clinical features, radiographic appearance, and histopathological diagnosis in these selected cases from publications and our institution were then analyzed. RESULTS 607 cases of OL (15 in our institution and 592 from literature) in patients aged between 0 and 92 years (average, 51.8 years) with a male to female ratio of 1.6:1 were included. The most common diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n = 205), followed by Burkitt lymphoma (n = 72) and T-cell lymphoma (n = 37). The most frequent site was the gingiva, followed by palate, maxilla, mandible, tongue and buccal mucosa. The most frequent symptoms were swelling, ulceration, paresthesia, mobile tooth and pain. Radiographic findings included ill-defined osteolytic lesion, thickening of the periodontal ligament, loss of lamina dura and tooth displacement. CONCLUSION Despite the rarity of extranodal lymphomas in oral cavity, their occurrence may be part of disseminated disease. Detailed history-taking, clinical and imaging examination and awareness of the patient's signs and symptoms are important for early diagnosis and an improved prognosis. The current data form a useful basis for clinical investigation and teaching regarding lymphoma occurring in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Huang Tseng
- Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chen Wang
- Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Chen
- Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Han-Jen Hsu
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuk-Kwan Chen
- Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Vera G, Cordova P, Sepulveda G, Benavides T, Astorga F, Gonzalez W. Plasmablastic lymphoma as a manifestation of the human immunodeficiency virus: Case report. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e429-e432. [PMID: 32382394 PMCID: PMC7195680 DOI: 10.4317/jced.56482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, which generally presents an aggressive clinical course and low survival rates. It is strongly associated with HIV infection and the most common site of involvement of the territory of the head and neck is Waldeyer’s lymphatic ring, followed by the gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes and skin. The morphological characteristics of PBL in the oral cavity / jaw in the context of HIV infection show diffuse sheets of large immunoblastic cells with abundant cytoplasm, vesicular chromatin and prominent nucleus, a small located in the center with plasma cells differentiation. The main goal of this article is to review the literature of the plasmablastic lymphoma and report a case. Key words:Plasmablastic lymphoma, PBL, HIV, AIDS, Non Hodgkin Lynphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Vera
- Residente de Cirugía maxilofacial, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Pablo Cordova
- Cirujano Maxilofacial, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Hospital El Carmen Dr. Luis Valentin Ferrada, Maipú, Chile
| | | | | | - Felipe Astorga
- Hospital El Carmen Dr. Luis Valentin Ferrada, Maipú, Chile
| | - Wilfredo Gonzalez
- Hospital El Carmen Dr. Luis Valentin Ferrada, Maipú, Chile.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas y Médicas, Facultad de Odontología, universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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