1
|
do Socorro Costa M, da Silva ARP, Santos Araújo J, Dos Santos ATL, Fonseca VJA, Gonçalves Alencar G, Moura TF, Gonçalves SA, Filho JMB, Morais-Braga MFB, Andrade-Pinheiro JC, Coutinho HDM. In vitro Evaluation of Fungal Susceptibility and Inhibition of Virulence by Diosgenin. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400444. [PMID: 38670923 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Fungal infections are a public health problem that mainly affects immunosuppressed people, Candida spp. have been responsible for most sources of contamination and invasive fungal infections described around the world. The need arises to find new therapeutic approaches to combat growing infections. Plants and natural products have been considered a valuable source for discovering new molecules with active ingredients. Diosgenin is a sapogenin found in the families of Leguminosae and Dioscoreaceae, it is obtained mainly from the dioscin saponin through the hydrolysis method, it is a phytochemical that has been highlighted in the treatment of various diseases, as well as in combating microbial resistance. The present study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of fungal strains to diosgenin, as well as verify the association with the reference drug and evaluate the inhibition of the virulence factor through morphological changes in the yeast state to the filamentous form of hyphae and pseudohyphae in strains of Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei using the broth microdilution method and microculture technique. Antifungal assays revealed that diosgenin was not able to inhibit the growth of the tested strains. However, it was able to inhibit the fungal dimorphism of the strains evaluated, however further studies are recommended to verify its effectiveness against other virulence factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria do Socorro Costa
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology- LMBM, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana Raquel Pereira da Silva
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology- LMBM, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Juliana Santos Araújo
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology -, LAMAP, Federal University of Cariri, Barbalha, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriel Gonçalves Alencar
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology- LMBM, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Talysson Felismino Moura
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology- LMBM, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Sheila Alves Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology- LMBM, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Maria Barbosa Filho
- Laboratory Technology Pharmaceutical, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Jacqueline Cosmo Andrade-Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology- LMBM, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology -, LAMAP, Federal University of Cariri, Barbalha, Ceará, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alotaibi MO, Alotaibi NM, Alwaili MA, Alshammari N, Adnan M, Patel M. Natural sapogenins as potential inhibitors of aquaporins for targeted cancer therapy: computational insights into binding and inhibition mechanism. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38174738 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2299743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are membrane proteins that facilitate the transport of water and other small molecules across biological membranes. AQPs are involved in various physiological processes and pathological conditions, including cancer, making them as potential targets for anticancer therapy. However, the development of selective and effective inhibitors of AQPs remains a challenge. In this study, we explored the possibility of using natural sapogenins, a class of plant-derived aglycones of saponins with diverse biological activities, as potential inhibitors of AQPs. We performed molecular docking, dynamics simulation and binding energy calculation to investigate the binding and inhibition mechanism of 19 sapogenins against 13 AQPs (AQP0-AQP13) that are overexpressed in various cancers. Our results showed that out of 19 sapogenins, 8 (Diosgenin, Gitogenin, Tigogenin, Ruscogenin, Yamogenin, Hecogenin, Sarsasapogenin and Smilagenin) exhibited acceptable drug-like characteristics. These sapogenin also exhibited favourable binding affinities in the range of -7.6 to -13.4 kcal/mol, and interactions within the AQP binding sites. Furthermore, MD simulations provided insights into stability and dynamics of the sapogenin-AQP complexes. Most of the fluctuations in binding pocket were observed for AQP0-Gitogenin and AQP4-Diosgenin. However, remaining protein-ligand complex showed stable root mean square deviation (RMSD) plots, strong hydrogen bonding interactions, stable solvent-accessible surface area (SASA) values and minimum distance to the receptor. These observations suggest that natural sapogenin hold promise as novel inhibitors of AQPs, offering a basis for the development of innovative therapeutic agents for cancer treatment. However, further validation of the identified compounds through experiments is essential for translating these findings into therapeutic applications.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Modhi O Alotaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahaa M Alotaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Abdullah Alwaili
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Research and Development Cell, Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
do Socorro Costa M, da Silva ARP, Araújo NJS, Filho JMB, Tavares JF, de Freitas TS, Pereira Junior FN, de Sousa EO, Maia FPA, de Vasconcelos JEL, Pinheiro JCA, Coutinho HDM. Evaluation of the antibacterial and inhibitory activity of NorA and MepA efflux pumps from Staphylococcus aureus by diosgenin. Life Sci 2022; 308:120978. [PMID: 36122765 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The increase in bacterial resistance to available antibiotics has driven several researchers to search for new agents with therapeutic properties. Diosgenin is a naturally occurring steroidal saponin that has demonstrated several pharmacological properties. In the present study, we report the antimicrobial activity of diosgenin against the standard and multidrug-resistant bacteria of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, in addition to the efflux pump inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains carrying NorA and MepA pumps. For this purpose, the broth microdilution method was used, from which the value of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was obtained, and this was associated with subinhibitory concentration (MIC/8) with antibiotic of clinical use and ethidium bromide for strains carrier by efflux pump. Diosgenin showed antimicrobial activity for standard S. aureus bacteria and potentiating activity in association with gentamicin and ampicillin for P. aeruginosa multidrug-resistant bacteria, it also showed potentiation in association with norfloxacin against the E. coli strain and gentamicin against the S. aureus strain. Antimicrobial activity against efflux pump-bearing strains revealed that saponin did not interfere with the efflux pump mechanism or intervened antagonistically. Thus, saponin has shown to be very promising against bacterial resistance in association with aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolones and beta-lactam, however additional studies should be carried out to better elucidate the mechanism of action of diosgenin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria do Socorro Costa
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri - LMBM, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana Raquel Pereira da Silva
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri - LMBM, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - José Maria Barbosa Filho
- Laboratory Technology Pharmaceutical, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Josean Fechine Tavares
- Laboratory Technology Pharmaceutical, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Thiago Sampaio de Freitas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri - LMBM, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Jacqueline Cosmo Andrade Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri - LMBM, Crato, Ceará, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Cariri, Barbalha, Ceará, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|