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Campos PC, Silva ACRD, Fleury Cardoso R, Rodrigues VGB, Alves FL, Maciel EHB, Prates MCSM, Costa HS, Figueiredo PHS, Lima VP. Reliability and validity of the Patient Generated Index (PGI) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on dialysis, a new approach to quality of life. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:773-782. [PMID: 36705255 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2173314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the test-retest reliability and validity of the Patient Generated Index (PGI) in individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease (CDK) undergoing hemodialysis. METHODS Through a non-experimental study with repeated measures, PGI was applied twice to assess internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Correlations with the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SF), the Human Activity Profile (HAP) questionnaire, the Social Participation Scale, and the Glittre ADL Test were used. RESULTS 91 individuals with CKD were evaluated. There was high reliability for the PGI (ICC= 0.97) PGI correlated with KQDOL - SF in Functional Capacity r = 0.38 (p < 0.001), Emotional Well-Being r = 0.31 (p = 0.003), Social Aspect r = 0.22 (p = 0.036), Emotional Function r = 0.22 (p = 0.038) and Effect of Kidney Disease r = 0.21 (p = 0.042), and Physical scores r = 0.24 (p = 0.021)), Mental r = 0.21 (p = 0.05) and General r = 0.22 (p = 0.037) summarized. There was a significant correlation between PGI and HAP r = 0.40 (p < 0.001) and the Social Participation Scale r = -0.36 (p < 0.001). There was no correlation between the PGI and Glittre ADL scores r = 0.12 (p = 0.247). CONCLUSION In adults receiving hemodialysis, the PGI proved to be an accurate and reliable instrument for the assessment of the quality of life from the perspective of the patient.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONAlthough hemodialysis treatment is associated with increased survival and symptom control, there is a significant change in the patient's lifestyle.In order to provide a more focused view of the individual, the Patient Generated Index (PGI) was created to evaluate the quality of life.PGI is reliable and correlates with KQDOL - SF and the Social Participation Scale in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Cardoso Campos
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Ana Caiane Rocha da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Renato Fleury Cardoso
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Gomes Brandão Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
- Hemodialysis Unit of the Santa Casa de Caridade de Diamantina, Diamantina, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Frederico Lopes Alves
- Hemodialysis Unit of the Santa Casa de Caridade de Diamantina, Diamantina, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Emílio Henrique Barroso Maciel
- Hemodialysis Unit of the Santa Casa de Caridade de Diamantina, Diamantina, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Maria Cecília Sales Mendes Prates
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
- Hemodialysis Unit of the Santa Casa de Caridade de Diamantina, Diamantina, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Henrique Silveira Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Scheidt Figueiredo
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pereira Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
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Oliveira BDA, Araújo B, dos Santos TM, Ongaratti BR, Leães Rech CGS, Ferreira NP, S. Pereira-Lima JF, da C. Oliveira M. Health-related Quality of Life in Acromegaly Patients: Results from Generic and Disease-specific Questionnaires. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2020; 24:402-405. [PMID: 33489844 PMCID: PMC7810047 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_401_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acromegaly is associated with high morbidity, but still controversial impact on the overall quality of life (QoL). MATERIAL AND METHODS We evaluated QoL using a generic (SF-36) and a disease-specific questionnaire (AcroQoL) in an acromegalic cohort. RESULTS Sixty-nine patients answered the questionnaires and had their records reviewed. In the SF-36 questionnaire, except for the Social Aspects domain, all others revealed a reduction in scores from 9.7 to 38.9%, when compared to the non-acromegalics. The cure was positively correlated with mental health (P = 0.023) and drug control was correlated with mental health (P = 0.023) and functional capacity (P = 0.013). In the AcroQoL questionnaire, the mean scores ranged from 54.7% to 72.8%. The use of antidepressants correlated with lower scores on the total AcroQoL (P = 0.039) and physical complaints (P = 0.003). The growth hormone value at diagnosis showed an inverse correlation with the total AcroQoL score (P = 0.014), Appearance Issues subscale (P = 0.081), and Personal Relations (P = 0.002). IGF-1 values at diagnosis and at the last visit showed no statistical correlation with any of the questionnaires. CONCLUSION The finding of a reduction in QoL scores with both SF-36 and AcroQoL allows us to suggest this evaluation as part of the initial assessment and follow-up in acromegaly, to act globally on the individual's health condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno de A. Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Bruna Araújo
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Tainá M. dos Santos
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Bárbara R. Ongaratti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Nelson P. Ferreira
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Júlia F. S. Pereira-Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Miriam da C. Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Leães CGS, Fernandes MV, Alves L, Araújo B, Rech CGSL, Ferreira NP, Rosa LHT, Pereira-Lima JFS, Oliveira MC. Assessment of Anthropometric and Physical Health Indicators before and after Pituitary Surgery in Patients with Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas, Acromegaly, and Cushing Disease. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2019; 23:473-479. [PMID: 31741909 PMCID: PMC6844162 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_301_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals with pituitary adenomas may have organic consequences of their disease or therapy, and psychological changes can compromise their quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to determine the anthropometric profile and health indicators of patients with pituitary adenoma before and after pituitary surgery. METHODS Forty-four patients were included in this study. Out of these, 22 patients had nonfunctioning adenomas (50%), 17 acromegaly (38.6%), and 5 patients with Cushing's disease (11.4%). Anthropometric measurements included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Health indicators included body fat percentage (BF%), basal metabolic rate (BMR), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), and hand grip strength. Physical activity level (the International Physical Activity Questionnaire [IPAQ]), subjective perception of health, body image (Body Shape Questionnaire), body satisfaction (Stunkard Figure Rating Scale) were used. RESULTS The mean patient age was 47.2 ± 14.6 years; of which 25 were women (56.8%). Before surgery, 75.0% were overweight or obese, 84.1% had WC with risk of metabolic complications, and 90.0% had WHR with cardiovascular risk. There was a high BF% in 56.4% of cases, low BMR in 65.1%, lower VO2 max in 16.2%, and below-average grip strength in 88.6%. Hypopituitary patients had poorer cardiorespiratory fitness. The IPAQ showed reduction in physical activity, and 79.5% of patients were dissatisfied with their body image. Patients with nonfunctioning adenomas had better perception of their health while those with Cushing's disease had more distorted body image. Postoperatively, patients with acromegaly showed improvement in WHR and physical activity level, and patients with Cushing's disease showed improvement in anthropometric variables. CONCLUSIONS These findings emphasize the need for continuous monitoring of this population for anthropometric indicators associated with metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities as well as body satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyro G. S. Leães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Matheus V. Fernandes
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Luiza Alves
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Bruna Araújo
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Carolina G. S. L. Rech
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Nelson P. Ferreira
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Luis H. T. Rosa
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias da Reabilitacao, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Júlia F. S. Pereira-Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Miriam C. Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Centro de Neuroendocrinologia, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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The effectiveness of a therapist-oriented home rehabilitation program for a patient with acromegaly: A case study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2019; 23:634-642. [PMID: 31563382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acromegaly causes numerous functional limitations that negatively impact patients' performance of activities of daily living (ADLs) and contribute to the deterioration of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Thus, the purpose of the present case study was to evaluate the effect of therapist-oriented home rehabilitation (TOHR) for a patient with acromegaly. CASE DESCRIPTION We report the case of a 53-year-old man who was diagnosed with primary acromegaly 17 years ago. He complained of difficulties performing tasks that involved his hands, pain in the lower limbs, and fatigue when he climbed a few flights of stairs. Although he performed ADLs independently, he reported some difficulties or discomfort when performing them. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME The patient underwent a booklet-guided physical exercise program that lasted two months (three times per week, 60 minutes per session). The activities included overall stretching, muscle strengthening, and endurance exercises, along with aerobic conditioning through functional circuit training. After two months of exercise, he reported improved HRQoL as assessed with the Acromegaly Quality of Life Questionnaire, with increases in quadriceps muscle strength and 6-min walking distance. However, none of these benefits remained when the patient was assessed after a 1-month washout period. CONCLUSION This study showed that patients with acromegaly may benefit markedly from TOHR, which could provide a novel therapeutic approach as an adjunct to hormone control therapy.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The delayed diagnosis, altered body image, and clinical complications associated with acromegaly impair quality of life. PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of the cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) technique "Think Healthy" to increase the quality of life of patients with acromegaly. METHODS This non-randomized clinical trial examined ten patients with acromegaly (nine women and one man; mean age, 55.5 ± 8.4 years) from a convenience sample who received CBT. The intervention included nine weekly group therapy sessions. The quality of life questionnaire the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered during the pre- and post-intervention phases. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to assess the occurrence of significant differences. RESULTS According to the SF-36, the general health domain significantly improved (d' = - 0.264; p = 0.031). The mental health domain improved considerably (d' = - 1.123; p = 0.012). Physical functioning showed a non-significant trend toward improvement (d' = - 0.802; p = 0.078), although four of the five patients who showed floor effects improved and remained at this level. Regarding emotional well-being, five patients showed floor effects and four improved, and the condition did not change among any of the four patients who showed ceiling effects. No significant changes were found with regard to the other domains. No significant differences in the BDI were found before or after the intervention. CONCLUSION The technique presented herein effectively improved the quality of life of patients with acromegaly with different levels of disease activity, type, and treatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Silvia Kunzler
- SRTVS 701, Edifício Centro Empresarial Brasília, Bloco "C", sala 204, Asa Sul, Brasília, DF, CEP: 70.340-907, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Ansaneli Naves
- SRTVS 701, Edifício Centro Empresarial Brasília, Bloco "C", sala 204, Asa Sul, Brasília, DF, CEP: 70.340-907, Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Casulari
- SRTVS 701, Edifício Centro Empresarial Brasília, Bloco "C", sala 204, Asa Sul, Brasília, DF, CEP: 70.340-907, Brazil
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Acromegaly is a rare and underdiagnosed disorder caused, in more than 95% of cases, by a growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma. The GH hypersecretion leads to overproduction of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) which results in a multisystem disease characterized by somatic overgrowth, multiple comorbidities, physical disfigurement, and increased mortality. OBJECTIVE This article aims to review the clinical features of acromegaly at diagnosis. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Acromegaly affects both males and females equally and the average age at diagnosis ranges from 40 to 50 years (up to 5% of cases < the age 20). Due to insidious onset and slow progression, acromegaly is often diagnosed five to more than ten years after its onset. The typical coarsening of facial features include furrowing of fronthead, pronounced brow protrusion, enlargement of the nose and the ears, thickening of the lips, skin wrinkles and nasolabial folds, as well as mandibular prognathism that leads to dental malocclusion and increased interdental spacing. Excessive growth of hands and feet (predominantly due to soft tissue swelling) is present in the vast majority of acromegalic patients. Gigantism accounts for up to 5% of cases and occurs when the excess of GH becomes manifest in the young, before the epiphyseal fusion. The disease also has rheumatologic, cardiovascular, respiratory, neoplastic, neurological, and metabolic manifestations which negatively impact its prognosis and patients quality of life. Less than 15% of acromegalic patients actively seek medical attention for change in appearance or enlargement of the extremities. The presentation of acromegaly is more often related to its systemic comorbidities or to local tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Vilar
- Division of Endocrinology, Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Heitor Maia Filho, 100/502, Madalena, Recife, CEP 50.720-525, Brazil.
| | | | - Ruy Lyra
- Division of Endocrinology, Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Heitor Maia Filho, 100/502, Madalena, Recife, CEP 50.720-525, Brazil
| | - Raissa Lyra
- Endocrine Research Center of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luciana A Naves
- Division of Endocrinology, Brasilia University Hospital, Brasilia, Brazil
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Geraedts VJ, Andela CD, Stalla GK, Pereira AM, van Furth WR, Sievers C, Biermasz NR. Predictors of Quality of Life in Acromegaly: No Consensus on Biochemical Parameters. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:40. [PMID: 28316591 PMCID: PMC5334635 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of life (QoL) in patients with acromegaly is reduced irrespective of disease state. The contributions of multifactorial determinants of QoL in several disease stages are presently not well known. OBJECTIVE To systematically review predictors of QoL in acromegalic patients. METHODS Main databases were systematically searched using predefined search terms for potentially relevant articles up to January 2017. Inclusion criteria included separate acromegaly cohort, non-hereditary acromegaly, QoL as study parameter with clearly described method of measurement and quantitative results, N ≥ 10 patients, article in English and adult patients only. Data extraction was performed by two independent reviewers; studies were included using the PRISMA flow diagram. RESULTS We identified 1,162 studies; 51 studies met the inclusion criteria: 31 cross-sectional observational studies [mean AcroQoL score 62.7 (range 46.6-87.0, n = 1,597)], 9 had a longitudinal component [mean baseline AcroQoL score 61.4 (range 54.3-69.0, n = 386)], and 15 were intervention studies [mean baseline AcroQoL score 58.6 (range 52.2-75.3, n = 521)]. Disease-activity reflected by biochemical control measures yielded mixed, and therefore inconclusive results with respect to their effect on QoL. Addition of pegvisomant to somatostatin analogs and start of lanreotide autogel resulted in improvement in QoL. Data from intervention studies on other treatment modalities were too limited to draw conclusions on the effects of these modalities on QoL. Interestingly, higher BMI and greater degree of depression showed consistently negative associations with QoL. Hypopituitarism was not significantly correlated with QoL in acromegaly. CONCLUSION At present, there is insufficient published data to support that biochemical control, or treatment of acromegaly in general, is associated with improved QoL. Studies with somatostatin receptor ligand treatment, i.e., particularly lanreotide autogel and pegvisomant have shown improved QoL, but consensus on the correlation with biochemical control is missing. Longitudinal studies investigating predictors in treatment-naive patients and their follow-up after therapeutic interventions are lacking but are urgently needed. Other factors, i.e., depression and obesity were identified from cross-sectional cohort studies as consistent factors associated with poor QoL. Perhaps treatment strategies of acromegaly patients should not only focus on normalizing biochemical markers but emphasize improvement of QoL by alternative interventions such as psychosocial or weight lowering interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor J. Geraedts
- Department of Clinical Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institut für Psychiatrie, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Cornelie D. Andela
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Günter K. Stalla
- Department of Clinical Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institut für Psychiatrie, Munich, Germany
| | - Alberto M. Pereira
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Wouter R. van Furth
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Caroline Sievers
- Department of Clinical Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institut für Psychiatrie, Munich, Germany
| | - Nienke R. Biermasz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Nienke R. Biermasz,
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Khairi S, Sagvand BT, Pulaski-Liebert KJ, Tritos NA, Klibanski A, Nachtigall LB. CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH ACROMEGALY: AN 8-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF A LANREOTIDE STUDY. Endocr Pract 2016; 23:56-65. [PMID: 27682353 DOI: 10.4158/ep161439.or] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the proportion of patients with acromegaly who remained on long-term lanreotide depot after completion of an open-label multicenter phase III clinical trial (SALSA: A Multi Center Open Label Study to Assess the Ability of Subjects With Acromegaly or Their Partners to Administer Somatuline Autogel), compare baseline and long-term follow-up symptoms scores, and correlate scores with individual longitudinal clinical outcomes. METHODS Records of all subjects previously enrolled at the Massachusetts General Hospital site of SALSA were reviewed. Those who remained on lanreotide were interviewed and asked to complete a questionnaire that they had filled out in SALSA in 2007 regarding their current symptomatology and injection side effects, as well as to complete the Acromegaly Quality of Life Questionnaire. Furthermore, clinical, biochemical, and radiographic data related to acromegaly and its comorbidities were tracked throughout follow-up. RESULTS Six out of 7 patients chose to remain on lanreotide, and 5 of them continued lanreotide depot through last follow-up, for up to 8 years or in 1 case until death. In all cases, lanreotide remained well tolerated, and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels and pituitary imaging remained well controlled on stable doses. While comorbidities persisted or developed, the self-reported symptom score after up to 8 years of therapy showed a significant decrease in frequency or resolution in symptoms that were reported at baseline. CONCLUSION This study shows a significant decrease in frequency or resolution in self-reported symptoms in well-controlled patients receiving long-term lanreotide therapy. ABBREVIATIONS AcroQoL = Acromegaly Quality of Life Questionnaire GH = growth hormone GI = gastrointestinal IGF-1 = insulin-like growth factor-1 SALSA = A Multi Center Open Label Study to Assess the Ability of Subjects With Acromegaly or Their Partners to Administer Somatuline Autogel.
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