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The Association between Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) and Obesity: Baseline Data of Kharameh Cohort. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8321596. [PMID: 36817069 PMCID: PMC9929214 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8321596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an increasing problem that can lead to noncommunicable diseases. The role of dietary factors on one's obesity is confirmed in many studies. One nutritional approach that can be used for assessment of the foods and diets is the Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ). Our study is aimed at exploring the association between INQ and obesity. Our hypothesis is that enriched and high-quality diets reduce the risk of overweight or obesity. This study was carried out on 6248 overweight and obese participants, from whom 4356 (69.7%) and 1892 (30.3%) were overweight and obese, respectively. To assess the dietary intake for the participants, a valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 130 food items was utilized. The analysis revealed an inverse association between the overweight and the INQ of iron, thiamin, riboflavin, B6, folate, zinc, magnesium, calcium, and vitamin C and E. For the obese group, this inverse association was found for iron, B6, folate, zinc, magnesium, calcium, and vitamin C and E. These results approved our hypothesis that a rich nutrition diet may lead to a lower risk of obesity.
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Melwani R, Malik SJ, Arija D, Sial I, Bajaj AK, Anwar A, Hashmi AA. Body Mass Index and Inguinal Hernia: An Observational Study Focusing on the Association of Inguinal Hernia With Body Mass Index. Cureus 2020; 12:e11426. [PMID: 33312822 PMCID: PMC7727769 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective An inguinal hernia is a common condition associated with advanced age, male gender, smoking, connective tissue disorder, and factors responsible for increased intra-abdominal pressure. This study aimed to observe the relationship of body mass index with the development of inguinal hernia in males and females. Methodology This cross-sectional descriptive study using a non-probability convenient sampling technique was carried out at Al-Tibri medical college and hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 82 patients were selected: 78 males and four females. The ethical approval for the study was taken from Institutional Research and Ethical Committee. Inclusion criteria based on the patient age above 40 of either gender with complaints of pain in the groin region with clinical findings like swelling and tenderness. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 (IBM Inc., Armonk, USA). Results The mean age of 82 patients diagnosed with an inguinal hernia on a clinical basis was 47.41 ± 15.49 years. The mean height was 67.09 ± 3.95 inches. The mean weight was 63.5 ± 6.77 kg. The mean BMI was 22.07 ± 2.17 kg/m2. Seventy-eight (96.06%) were males, and four (5.9%) were females. Thirty-four (41.5%) patients were diagnosed with right inguinal hernia, 34 (41.5%) - with a left inguinal hernia, and 14 (17.1%) - with a bilateral inguinal hernia. BMI was normal in 68 (86.3%) and low in 14 (20.55%) patients. Our study indicated that patients with normal BMI were more likely to suffer from inguinal hernia than patients with low BMI. Conclusion This study concluded that the normal body mass index was associated with a high occurrence of inguinal hernia among the genders. The normal body mass index in males exhibits more inguinal hernia chances than a low body mass index. It was observed that the frequency of unilateral right inguinal hernia is higher than bilateral. Similarly, males are more affected than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Melwani
- General Surgery, Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital, Isra University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Sadaf Jabeen Malik
- General Surgery, Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital, Isra University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Dharmoon Arija
- General Surgery, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College, Sukkur, PAK
| | - Ihsanullah Sial
- General Surgery, Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital, Isra University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Ajay Kumar Bajaj
- General Surgery, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College, Sukkur, PAK
| | - Adnan Anwar
- Physiology, Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital, Isra university, Karachi, PAK
| | - Atif A Hashmi
- Pathology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, PAK
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Omentopexy in Sleeve Gastrectomy Reduces Early Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2019; 29:155-161. [PMID: 30499891 DOI: 10.1097/sle.0000000000000597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is one of the surgical procedures indicated in the treatment of obesity. The occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in the postoperative period of this surgery is related to a reduction in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) tone and the presence of gastric residual fundus (RF) associated with increased gastric intraluminal pressure. Fixation of the remaining gastric reservoir to the gastrosplenic and gastrocolic ligaments (omentopexy) has emerged as a technical option to avoid or decrease GER in the postoperative period of LSG. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the presence of GER symptoms, alterations in LES tone, and the presence of RF in obese subjects submitted to LSG with omentopexy. METHODS Twenty obese patients were submitted to LSG with omentopexy from July 2016 to July 2017 at the Hospital Unimed de Teresina, Brazil and was studied prospectively. Clinical evaluations, including a specific questionnaire (clinical score), upper digestive endoscopy and esophageal manometry, were performed preoperatively and on the 90th postoperative day. Contrast x-ray of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum were performed after the 90th postoperative day. The Fischer exact test was used to evaluate the correlation between GER symptoms and changes in LES tone or the presence of RF. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the correlation of GER symptoms with the 2 variables together. All analyses adopted a level of significance for α errors >5% (P-value <0.05). RESULTS The mean clinical score of GER reduced from 6.7 in the preoperative period to 2.7 in the postoperative period. By manometry, there were no significant changes in the LES tone with mean values of 26.04 and 27.07 mm Hg before and after the procedure. RF was identified in 3 cases by contrast radiology. There was no statistical correlation between the changes in the LES tone or the presence of RF with the increase in the clinical score of GER (in cases where this occurred), even when the variables were evaluated together. CONCLUSIONS LSG with omentopexy improved the clinical score of GER in most cases and did not cause significant changes in the LES tone. The presence of RF did not exacerbate the clinical score of GER.
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Baretta G, Al-Mulla AE, Lopes MAG, Feistler RS, Cambi MPC, de Paula Loureiro M. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass After Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Surgical Procedure: Analysis of 85 Consecutive Patients with Pre- and Post-Operative Endoscopy Control. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2019; 30:40-43. [PMID: 31368842 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2019.0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Most of the obese patients undergoing an anti-reflux operation experience recurrence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRNYGB) has been accepted as the bariatric surgery of choice for a previous GERD-operated obese patients. Methods: We present 85 consecutive patients from a single institution, previously submitted to antireflux surgery and then to LRNYGB. Preoperative endoscopy was carried out in all patients; 49 (57.64%) patients had findings of fundoplication failure or signs of persistent GERD, of those 20 (40.81%) with esophagitis. Results: From the bypass, per or postoperative minor to moderate complications occurred in 12 patients (14.11%): 2 (2.35%) conversions to laparotomy, 1 (1.17%) melena, 8 (9.41%) stenosis of gastrojejunostomy, treated by a simple endoscopic dilatation with a balloon, and 1 (1.17%) gastrogastric fistula. A follow-up endoscopy of 79 of 85 (92.9%) patients was carried out after 6 months of LRNYGB. Eight of 79 (10.12%) patients had persistent esophagitis that represented 40% (8 of 20 patients) of persistent reflux esophagitis even after LRNYGB. All of them were men. Conclusion: LRNYGB after laparoscopic fundoplication is a feasible procedure with an excepted higher rate of complications because of the complexity of the procedure. Nevertheless esophagitis still persisted in many of those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Baretta
- Bariatric Unit, Jacques Perissat Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Vita Batel Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcelo de Paula Loureiro
- Biotechnology Division, Jacques Perissat Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Positivo University of Curitiba, Curitiba, Brazil
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Meira ATDS, Tanajura D, Viana IDS. CLINICAL AND ENDOSCOPIC EVALUATION IN PATIENTS WITH GASTROESOPHAGEAL SYMPTOMS. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2019; 56:51-54. [PMID: 31141065 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.201900000-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most common esophageal disease in medical practice, and it is suspected according to patients' symptoms. GERD can be classified in erosive esophagitis (EE) according to the presence of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy findings. OBJECTIVE To evaluate endoscopic findings in patients with symptoms suggestive of GERD comparing epicemiological and risk factors. METHODS Upper endoscopy reports were examined retrospectively from patients with symptoms of GERD such as heartburn, regurgitation, cough, throat clearing, globus and chest pain. EE was determined based on Los Angeles classification. Comparisons between risk factors in EE and non-EE groups were done with statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 984 endoscopic reports were examined and 676 selected for analysis (281 with EE and 395 with non-EE form). Most were female 381 (56.36%) with a mean age of 44.01±15.40 years. Hiatal hernia was present in 47(6.96%) and smoking in 41(6.07%). Univariate logistic regression showed that male (OR=2.24, CI 95%, 1.63-3.06) and hiatal hernia (OR=4.52, CI 95%, 2.30-8.89) were independent predictors of erosions in the EE group. The presence of hiatal hernia (OR=12.04, CI 95%, 3.57-40.62), smoking (OR=8.46, CI 95%, 3.28-31.32) and aged patients (OR=8.01, CI 95%, 2.42-26.49) were also indicated as a risk factor for severe EE (grades C and D of Los Angeles). CONCLUSION Male gender and hiatal hernia were associated with EE. Aged patients, smoking and hiatal hernia were related to severe EE. It is suggested that the risk factors for EE and non-EE types are different. Cohort studies are necessary to identify the exact mechanisms involved in each disease form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimée Teixeira Dos Santos Meira
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCN), Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Davi Tanajura
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCN), Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Irineu Dos Santos Viana
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCN), Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
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Mendes-Filho AM, Godoy ESN, Alhinho HCAW, Galvão-Neto MDP, Ramos AC, Ferraz ÁAB, Campos JM. FUNDOPLICATION CONVERSION IN ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS FOR CONTROL OF OBESITY AND GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 30:279-282. [PMID: 29340554 PMCID: PMC5793148 DOI: 10.1590/0102-6720201700040012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is related with higher incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Antireflux surgery has inadequate results when associated with obesity, due
to migration and/or subsequent disruption of antireflux wrap. Gastric
bypass, meanwhile, provides good control of gastroesophageal reflux. Objective: To evaluate the technical difficulty in performing gastric bypass in
patients previously submitted to antireflux surgery, and its effectiveness
in controlling gastroesophageal reflux. Methods: Literature review was conducted between July to October 2016 in Medline
database, using the following search strategy: (“Gastric bypass” OR
“Roux-en-Y”) AND (“Fundoplication” OR “Nissen ‘) AND (“Reoperation” OR
“Reoperative” OR “Revisional” OR “Revision” OR “Complications”). Results: Were initially classified 102 articles; from them at the end only six were
selected by exclusion criteria. A total of 121 patients were included, 68
women. The mean preoperative body mass index was 37.17 kg/m² and age of
52.60 years. Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication was the main prior
antireflux surgery (70.58%). The most common findings on
esophagogastroduodenoscopy were esophagitis (n=7) and Barrett’s esophagus
(n=6); the most common early complication was gastric perforation (n=7), and
most common late complication was stricture of gastrojejunostomy (n=9).
Laparoscopic gastric bypass was performed in 99 patients, with an average
time of 331 min. Most patients had complete remission of symptoms and
efficient excess weight loss. Conclusion: Although technically more difficult, with higher incidence of complications,
gastric bypass is a safe and effective option for controlling
gastroesophageal reflux in obese patients previously submitted to antireflux
surgery, with the added benefit of excess weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Álvaro Antônio Bandeira Ferraz
- Post-Graduation Program in Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE.,Department of Surgery and Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Josemberg Marins Campos
- Post-Graduation Program in Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE.,Department of Surgery and Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Kato JM, Iuamoto LR, Suguita FY, Essu FF, Meyer A, Andraus W. IMPACT OF OBESITY AND SURGICAL SKILLS IN LAPAROSCOPIC TOTALLY EXTRAPERITONEAL HERNIOPLASTY. ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA 2018; 30:169-172. [PMID: 29019555 PMCID: PMC5630207 DOI: 10.1590/0102-6720201700030002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernia repair is a technically demanding procedure. Recent studies have identified BMI as an independent factor for technical difficulty in the learning period. Aim: To analyze the effect of overweight and obesity on the technical difficulties of TEP. Method: Prospective study on patients who underwent a symptomatic inguinal hernia by means of the TEP technique. Were analyzed gender, BMI, previous surgery, hernia type, operative time and complications. Technical difficulty was defined by operative time, major complications and recurrence. Patients were classified into four groups: 1) underweight, if less than 18,5 kg/m²; 2) normal range if BMI between 18,5 and 24,9 kg/m²; 3) overweight if BMI between 25-29,9 kg/m²; and 4) obese if BMI≥30 kg/m². Results: The cohort had a total of 190 patients, 185 men and 5 women. BMI values ranged from 16-36 kg/m² (average 26 kg/m²). Average operating time was 55.4 min in bilateral hernia (15-150) and 37.8 min in unilateral (13-150). Time of surgery was statistically correlated with increased BMI in the first 93 patients (p=0.049). Conclusion: High BMI and prolonged operative time are undoubtedly correlated. However, this relationship may be statistically significant only in the learning period. Although several clinical features can influence surgical time, upon reaching an experienced level, surgeons appear to easily handle the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alberto Meyer
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Transplant Division, Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo Medical School.,Abdominal Wall Repair Center, Samaritano Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wellington Andraus
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Transplant Division, Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo Medical School
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Ratin ACF, Orso IRB. Minimal endoscopic changes in non-erosive reflux disease. ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA 2016; 28:20-3. [PMID: 25861063 PMCID: PMC4739238 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-67202015000100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease is an increasingly common condition worldwide
causing a considerable economic impact. More than half the patients with clinical
symptoms of reflux disease display no mucosal erosions on
esophagogastroduodenoscopy, making it impossible to confirm the diagnosis without
further investigations. Aim To evaluate the correlation between minimal endoscopic changes on white-light
esophagogastroduodenoscopy (carditis, mucosal thickening and invisibility of
vessels) and histologic changes observed in distal esophageal biopsies in a sample
of patients with symptoms suggestive of reflux disease, and to verify the
specificity of these symptoms for non-erosive reflux disease. Methods Retrospective, cross-sectional study based on information retrieved from a digital
database at a Brazilian hospital for the period March-October, 2012. The sample
consisted of previously untreated, non-smoking subjects aged >18 years with
symptoms suggestive of reflux disease but no esophageal erosions, submitted to
esophagogastroduodenoscopy and distal esophageal biopsy. Results The final sample included 23 subjects. The most frequently observed change was
invisibility of vessels (n=21; 91.3%), followed by mucosal thickening (n=15;
65.2%) and carditis (n=5; 21.7%). The correlation coefficient between each
variable and the anatomopathological diagnosis was 0.386 for body mass index,
0.479 for mucosal thickening, -0.116 for invisibility of vessels, 0.306 for
carditis and 0.462 for hiatal hernia. Conclusion All patients displayed minimal endoscopic changes on esophagogastroduodenoscopy,
but only mucosal thickening revealed a moderately significant correlation with
severity of esophagitis, although increased body mass index values and the
presence of hiatal hernia were also associated.
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Yamashita JM, de Moura-Grec PG, de Freitas AR, Sales-Peres A, Groppo FC, Ceneviva R, Sales-Peres SHDC. Assessment of Oral Conditions and Quality of Life in Morbid Obese and Normal Weight Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129687. [PMID: 26177268 PMCID: PMC4503766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the impact of oral disease on the quality of life of morbid obese and normal weight individuals. Cohort was composed of 100 morbid-obese and 50 normal-weight subjects. Dental caries, community periodontal index, gingival bleeding on probing (BOP), calculus, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, dental wear, stimulated salivary flow, and salivary pH were used to evaluate oral diseases. Socioeconomic and the oral impacts on daily performances (OIDP) questionnaires showed the quality of life in both groups. Unpaired Student, Fisher’s Exact, Chi-Square, Mann-Whitney, and Multiple Regression tests were used (p<0.05). Obese showed lower socio-economic level than control group, but no differences were found considering OIDP. No significant differences were observed between groups considering the number of absent teeth, bruxism, difficult mastication, calculus, initial caries lesion, and caries. However, saliva flow was low, and the salivary pH was changed in the obese group. Enamel wear was lower and dentine wear was higher in obese. More BOP, insertion loss, and periodontal pocket, especially the deeper ones, were found in obese subjects. The regression model showed gender, smoking, salivary pH, socio-economic level, periodontal pocket, and periodontal insertion loss significantly associated to obesity. However, both OIDP and BOP did not show significant contribution to the model. The quality of life of morbid obese was more negatively influenced by oral disease and socio-economic factors than in normal weight subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselene Martinelli Yamashita
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Garcia de Moura-Grec
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Rodrigues de Freitas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Arsênio Sales-Peres
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Carlos Groppo
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Reginaldo Ceneviva
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mendes-Filho AM, Moraes-Filho JPP, Nasi A, Eisig JN, Rodrigues TN, Barbutti RC, Campos JM, Chinzon D. Influence of exercise testing in gastroesophageal reflux in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 27:3-8. [PMID: 24676289 PMCID: PMC4675480 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-67202014000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a worldwide prevalent condition that exhibits a
large variety of signs and symptoms of esophageal or extra-esophageal nature and
can be related to the esophagic adenocarcinoma. In the last few years, greater
importance has been given to the influence of physical exercises on it. Some
recent investigations, though showing conflicting results, point to an
exacerbation of gastroesophageal reflux during physical exercises. Aim To evaluate the influence of physical activities in patients presenting with
erosive and non erosive disease by ergometric stress testing and influence of the
lower esophageal sphincter tonus and body mass index during this situation. Methods Twenty-nine patients with erosive disease (group I) and 10 patients with
non-erosive disease (group II) were prospectively evaluated. All the patients were
submitted to clinical evaluation, followed by upper digestive endoscopy, manometry
and 24 h esophageal pH monitoring. An ergometric testing was performed 1 h before
removing the esophageal pH probe. During the ergometric stress testing, the
following variables were analyzed: test efficacy, maximum oxygen uptake, acid
reflux duration, gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, influence of the lower
esophageal sphincter tonus and influence of body mass index in the occurrence of
gastroesophageal reflux during these physical stress. Results Maximum oxigen consumption or VO 2 max, showed significant correlation when it was
70% or higher only in the erosive disease group, evaluating the patients with or
without acid reflux during the ergometric testing (p=0,032). The other considered
variables didn't show significant correlations between gastroesophageal reflux and
physical activity (p>0,05). Conclusions 1) Highly intensive physical activity can predispose the occurrence of
gastroesophageal reflux episodes in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with
erosive disease; 2) light or short sessions of physical activity have no influence
on reflux, regardless of body mass index; 3) the lower esophageal sphincter tonus
does not influence the occurrence of reflux disease episodes during exercise
testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ary Nasi
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaime Natan Eisig
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Decio Chinzon
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Henry MACDA. Diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA : ABCD = BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY 2014; 27:210-5. [PMID: 25184775 PMCID: PMC4676378 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-67202014000300013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is probably one of the most prevalent diseases in the world that also compromises the quality of life of the affected significantly. Its incidence in Brazil is 12%, corresponding to 20 million individuals. OBJECTIVE To update the GERD management and the new trends on diagnosis and treatment, reviewing the international and Brazilian experience on it. METHOD The literature review was based on papers published on Medline/Pubmed, SciELO, Lilacs, Embase and Cochrane crossing the following headings: gastroesophageal reflux disease, diagnosis, clinical treatment, surgery, fundoplication. RESULTS Various factors are involved on GERD physiopathology, the most important being the transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Clinical manifestations are heartburn, regurgitation (typical symptoms), cough, chest pain, asthma, hoarseness and throat clearing (atypical symptoms), which may be followed or not by typical symptoms. GERD patients may present complications such as peptic stenosis, hemorrhage, and Barrett's esophagus, which is the most important predisposing factor to adenocarcinoma. The GERD diagnosis must be based on the anamnesis and the symptoms must be evaluated in terms of duration, intensity, frequency, triggering and relief factors, pattern of evolution and impact on the patient's quality of life. The diagnosis requires confirmation with different exams. The goal of the clinical treatment is to relieve the symptoms and surgical treatment is indicated for patients who require continued drug use, with intolerance to prolonged clinical treatment and with GERD complications. CONCLUSION GERD is a major digestive health problem and affect 12% of Brazilian people. The anamnesis is fundamental for the diagnosis of GERD, with special analysis of the typical and atypical symptoms (duration, intensity, frequency, triggering and relief factors, evolution and impact on the life quality). High digestive endoscopy and esophageal pHmetry are the most sensitive diagnosctic methods. The clinical treatment is useful in controlling the symptoms; however, the great problem is keeping the patients asymptomatic over time. Surgical treatment is indicated for patients who required continued drug use, intolerant to the drugs and with complicated forms of GERD.
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Ivano FH, Silva LDM, Seniski GG, Menacho AM, Chigueira MA, Barros R. Comparison of ghrelin plasma levels between pre and postoperative period in patients submitted to gastric plication associated with fundoplication. ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA 2014; 26 Suppl 1:8-12. [PMID: 24463891 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-67202013000600003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recurrence of the gastroesophageal reflux disease may be related to later postoperative weight gain, therefore increasing the chances of developing columnar metaplasia and cancer. The gastric plication associated with fundoplication can be employed in order to be treating the two issues. AIM To evaluate the serum ghrelin hormone in pre and postoperatively as well as weight loss and control of reflux disease in patients undergoing gastroplication associated with fundoplication. METHODS Was performed laparoscopic gastric plication with fundoplication in eight patients; endoscopic examinations were performed pre and postoperatively as well as blood collection for ghrelin hormonal dosage. RESULTS There was control of reflux symptoms and mucosal lesions. Weight loss was significant. Since the change of the hormone ghrelin was not of great significance. CONCLUSIONS Gastric plication associated with fundoplication was effective in treating reflux disease with surgical indication and for weight loss in obese patients. Appetite control occurs, but not due to ghrelin, because no significant decrease of its plasmatic levels was observed.
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Johnson T, Gerson L, Hershcovici T, Stave C, Fass R. Systematic review: the effects of carbonated beverages on gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 31:607-14. [PMID: 20055784 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04232.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbonated beverages have unique properties that may potentially exacerbate gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), such as high acidity and carbonation. Cessation of carbonated beverage consumption is commonly recommended as part of lifestyle modifications for patients with GERD. AIMS To evaluate the relationship of carbonated beverages with oesophageal pH, oesophageal motility, oesophageal damage, GERD symptoms and GERD complications. METHODS A systematic review. RESULTS Carbonated beverage consumption results in a very short decline in intra-oesophageal pH. In addition, carbonated beverages may lead to a transient reduction in lower oesophageal sphincter basal pressure. There is no evidence that carbonated beverages directly cause oesophageal damage. Carbonated beverages have not been consistently shown to cause GERD-related symptoms. Furthermore, there is no evidence that these popular drinks lead to GERD complications or oesophageal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Based on the currently available literature, it appears that there is no direct evidence that carbonated beverages promote or exacerbate GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Johnson
- The Neuroenteric Clinical Research Group, Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, AZ, USA
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